Speech Sound Disorders Chapter 1
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Questions and Answers

What percentage of kindergartners referred for communication difficulties have articulation or intelligibility difficulties?

  • 25%
  • 75% (correct)
  • 50%
  • 90%

    • What is the term used to describe the organized set or system of sounds used for meaning?

  • Language
  • Speech (correct)
  • Articulation
  • Phonology

    • What is a phoneme?

  • A sound variation within a phoneme class
  • A combination of morphemes
  • A written symbol representing a sound
  • A sound as part of a language system (correct)

    • What is the purpose of phonemic transcription?

    <p>To provide a less detailed representation of speech sounds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the act of producing sounds?

    <p>Articulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What determines the categorization of vowels in English speech sounds?

    <p>The position of the tongue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are consonants categorized?

    <p>In respect to manner, placement, and voicing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is /r/ classified as in the book by Edwards, H.T. (1992)?

    <p>A rhotic sound</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are also known as Prosodic features?

    <p>Suprasegmentals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is Coarticulation?

    <p>The influence of sounds on each other in context</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is Anticipatory Coarticulation an example of?

    <p>The change in quality of a vowel in preparation for a following sound</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is Retentive Coarticulation an example of?

    <p>The retention of a sound quality after the influencing sound has occurred</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between an articulation disorder and a phonological disorder?

    <p>Articulation disorders are motor-based, while phonological disorders are linguistically based</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the definition of Speech Sound Disorders, what is the primary impact on speech?

    <p>Impaired speech intelligibility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between a speech sound delay and a speech sound disorder?

    <p>A delay is a normal pattern of development, while a disorder is an abnormal pattern</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of a deviant speech sound error?

    <p>Lateralization of sibilants</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is studying articulation and phonological disorders important?

    <p>The answer is not specified in the text</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the rules governing permissible speech sound sequences in a language?

    <p>Phonotactic rules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between articulation and phonological disorders in terms of their bases?

    <p>Articulation disorders are motor-based, while phonological disorders are linguistically based.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association (ASHA), what does the term 'speech sound disorders' encompass?

    <p>Any difficulty or combination of difficulties with perception, motor production, or phonological representation of speech sounds and speech segments.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do speech sound delays differ from speech sound disorders?

    <p>Delays refer to typical errors in young children that persist, whereas disorders involve errors not typically observed in normal development.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of a speech sound error that would be classified as deviant?

    <p>Lateralization of sibilants or backing of alveolars.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary impact of speech sound disorders on communication?

    <p>Speech sound disorders impact speech intelligibility.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is studying articulation and phonological disorders important?

    <p>It is important for understanding and addressing communication difficulties, leading to improved speech intelligibility and overall communication effectiveness.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two main components of language?

    <p>Speech and Language</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the variation in sound within a phoneme class?

    <p>Allophones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the nervous system in speech production?

    <p>To control the speech mechanism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are vowels categorized in English speech sounds?

    <p>By tongue position, high/low, front/back</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between phonemic and phonetic transcription?

    <p>Phonemic transcription is written between slashes and is less detailed, while phonetic transcription is written between brackets and is more detailed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two fundamental components of articulation?

    <p>The speech mechanism and the categorization of vowels and consonants</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the three factors that categorize consonants?

    <p>manner, placement, and voicing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the stress, intonation, loudness, pitch level, and juncture of speech?

    <p>suprasegmentals or prosodic features</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the interaction of sounds in context, influencing each other's production?

    <p>coarticulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the influence of a following sound on a preceding sound, changing its quality?

    <p>anticipatory coarticulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the persistence of a sound's quality after the influencing sound has occurred?

    <p>retentive coarticulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the example phrase used to illustrate suprasegmental features, which can be read in multiple ways?

    <p>I am going to the mall</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between speech sound delay and speech sound disorder?

    <p>Speech sound delay refers to errors in speech sound production that are normal in young children but persist in some children, whereas speech sound disorder refers to errors not typically observed in young children's development.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the rules governing permissible speech sound sequences in a language?

    <p>Phonotactic rules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary impact of speech sound disorders on communication?

    <p>Impact on speech intelligibility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key difference between articulation and phonological disorders in terms of their bases?

    <p>Articulation disorders are motor-based, whereas phonological disorders are linguistically based.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association (ASHA), what does the term 'speech sound disorders' encompass?

    <p>Any difficulty or combination of difficulties with perception, motor production, or phonological representation of speech sounds and speech segments.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of a deviant speech sound error?

    <p>Lateralization of sibilants, backing of alveolars, or vowel errors.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason why categorization of speech sound disorders is necessary?

    <p>Because the cause of the problem is mostly unknown</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the nervous system control speech production?

    <p>Through the speech mechanism, which involves the respiratory system, larynx, and vocal tract</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between phonemes and morphemes?

    <p>Phonemes are sounds as part of a language system, and morphemes are meaningful units in the language formed by combining phonemes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of articulation in language?

    <p>It is a major component of speech, as it involves the production of sounds to convey meaning</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between phonemic and phonetic transcription?

    <p>Phonemic transcription is written between slashes / / and is less detailed, while phonetic transcription is written between brackets [ ] and is more detailed, including allophones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of understanding the structure of language in linguistics?

    <p>It enables understanding of how words are combined to convey meaningful messages</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do consonants get categorized?

    <p>in respect to manner, placement and voicing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of a suprasegmental feature?

    <p>stress, intonation, loudness, pitch level, or juncture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the interaction of sounds in context?

    <p>coarticulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between anticipatory and retentive coarticulation?

    <p>Anticipatory coarticulation changes the quality before the influencing sound, while retentive coarticulation keeps the quality after the influencing sound.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the activity with the phrase 'I am going to the mall'?

    <p>to illustrate suprasegmental features by reading the phrase in 5 different ways</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the rules governing permissible speech sound sequences in a language?

    <p>phonological rules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Phonology → _______________________ based

    <p>linguistically</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Speech Sound Disorders: Definition “an umbrella term referring to any combination of difficulties with perception, motor production, and/or the _______________________ of speech sounds and speech segments…that impact speech intelligibility”

    <p>phonological</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Delay refers to speech sound errors that are often noted as “normal” errors found in young children as they learn the proper use of sounds (e.g., lisps, misarticulations of /r/ or the affricates) but which persist in some children, whereas Deviant refers to errors not typically observed in young children’s development (e.g., lateralization of sibilants, backing of alveolars, vowel _______________________)

    <p>errors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Consonants are categorized in respect to ______, placement and voicing.

    <p>manner</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Speech sound disorders is an umbrella term referring to any difficulty or combination of difficulties with perception, motor production, or _______________________ of speech sounds and speech segments— including phonotactic rules governing permissible speech sound sequences in a language.”

    <p>phonological</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Asha’s Practice Portal defines speech sound disorders as an umbrella term referring to any difficulty or combination of difficulties with perception, motor production, or _______________________ of speech sounds and speech segments— including phonotactic rules governing permissible speech sound sequences in a language.”

    <p>phonological</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Stress, intonation, loudness, pitch level, and juncture are also known as ______ features.

    <p>Prosodic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The interaction of sounds in context, influencing each other's production, is known as ______.

    <p>Coarticulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Speech sound disorders can impact _______________________ of speech.

    <p>intelligibility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In ______ Coarticulation, the vowel in 'man' is changed in preparation for following sound.

    <p>Anticipatory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The quality of the vowel in 'me' is kept after the influencing sound had occurred, known as ______ Coarticulation.

    <p>Retentive</p> Signup and view all the answers

    I am going to the mall can be read in 5 different ways using different ______.

    <p>suprasegmentals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Speech is an organized set or system of __________________ used for meaning.

    <p>sounds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The act of producing __________________ is a major component of speech.

    <p>sounds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A __________________ is a sound as part of a language system.

    <p>phoneme</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Phonemes are combined to form meaningful units called __________________.

    <p>morphemes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The respiratory system, larynx, and vocal tract work together to produce __________________.

    <p>speech</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The categorization of vowels in English speech sounds is based on the position of the __________________.

    <p>tongue</p> Signup and view all the answers

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