Specialised Exchange Surfaces for Multicellular Organisms
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Questions and Answers

What structures in the respiratory system are well adapted to enable the passage of air into the lungs?

  • Bronchi
  • Bronchioles (correct)
  • Trachea
  • Alveoli
  • Which component of the respiratory system helps in preventing lung infection by moving mucus towards the throat?

  • Smooth muscle
  • Elastic fibres
  • Ciliated epithelium (correct)
  • Goblet cells
  • What role does cartilage play in the respiratory system?

  • Enabling the flow of air into the lungs
  • Preventing the lungs from collapsing during exhalation (correct)
  • Constricting the airway to control airflow
  • Secreting mucus to trap bacteria
  • Which part of the respiratory system contains only the larger bronchioles and is composed of smooth muscle and elastic fibres?

    <p>Bronchi</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which stage of ventilation do the external intercostal muscles contract?

    <p>Inspiration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of smooth muscle in the respiratory system?

    <p>Control airflow by constricting the airway</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do multicellular organisms require specialised exchange surfaces for efficient gas exchange?

    <p>Due to a higher surface area to volume ratio causing a longer distance for substances to cross.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What feature of an efficient exchange surface helps ensure a short distance for substances to cross?

    <p>Large surface area</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do exchange surfaces require a good blood supply or ventilation?

    <p>To maintain a steep gradient for efficient exchange.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the diaphragm in the mammalian gaseous exchange system?

    <p>To raise and lower the ribcage during breathing.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure in the mammalian gaseous exchange system helps prevent friction between the rib cage and lungs?

    <p>Diaphragm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what way does a larger surface area benefit efficient gas exchange?

    <p>It allows for a shorter distance for substances to cross.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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