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Questions and Answers
What vowel sound does the -all special vowel combination make?
What vowel sound does the -oll special vowel combination make?
What vowel sound does the -ull special vowel combination make?
What is an exception to the -ng special vowel combination?
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What is the vowel sound of -ang special vowel combination?
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What is the vowel sound of -ing special vowel combination?
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What is the -nk special vowel combination that does not exist?
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What is the purpose of marking the vowel with an x and arcing the vowel and -ll or -ng/-nk together?
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What is the pronunciation of the LL digraph in a word?
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Where can the LL digraph appear in a word?
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What is a common characteristic of words that have the LL digraph?
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What often precedes the LL digraph when it appears at the end of a word?
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What is a common pattern associated with the LL digraph?
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Study Notes
Special Vowel Combinations -LL
- In single-syllable words, vowels followed by a double l (-ll) can change the vowel sounds
- The -LL Special Vowel Combinations are: -all, -ell, -oll, -ull, -ill
- -all has a short o sound: call, fall, mall
- -oll has a long o sound: roll, toll, troll (exceptions: doll, loll)
- -ull has two different sounds: short u and oo: gull vs pull, dull vs bull
- Identify the sound by marking the vowel with an x and arcing the vowel and -ll together
Special Vowel Combinations -NG, -NK
- In single-syllable words, vowels followed by -ng or -nk can change the vowel sounds
- The -NG Special Vowel Combinations are: -ang, -ing, -ong, -ung
- The -NK Special Vowel Combinations are: -ank, -ink, -onk, -unk
- Vowel e does not generally stand with -ng and -nk (exceptions: England, English, length, strength)
- No words are spelled with -enk
- The new sounds for -ang and -ank: a has a long sound (e.g., bang, rang, sank, tank)
- The new sound for -ing and -ink: i has the sound of long e (e.g., ring, cling, pink, sink)
- Adapt pronunciation to fit the dialect in your region, if necessary
- Identify the sound by marking the vowel with an x and arcing the vowel and -ng/-nk together
LL Digraphs
- The LL digraph is a combination of two L's that together represent a single phoneme (distinct sound) in a word.
Pronunciation
- The LL digraph is pronounced as a "dark L" sound, which is a soft, relaxed L sound, often heard in British English.
Examples of Words with LL Digraphs
- all
- bell
- dall
- fill
- full
- skill
- swell
- will
Rules for LL Digraphs
- LL is often found in words that have a Latin or Old English origin.
- The LL digraph can appear at the beginning, middle, or end of a word.
- When LL appears at the end of a word, it is usually preceded by a vowel.
Spelling Patterns with LL
- LL often follows a short vowel sound.
- LL can be found in words with the -all, -ell, -ill, or -ull patterns.
Common Words with LL Digraphs
- bell
- bill
- cell
- dell
- dwell
- sell
- shell
- spell
- swell
- tell
- will
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Description
Learn about the special vowel combinations -LL in single-syllable words, including -all, -ell, -oll, -ull, and -ill, and how they change vowel sounds.
