Special Education Lesson 1

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Questions and Answers

What is the main goal of special education according to the content?

To ensure children become dependent on adult assistance.

To provide entertainment and leisure activities.

To promote communal living among exceptional children.

To help exceptional children achieve personal self-sufficiency. (correct)

Which of the following is a component that is considered in the Individually Planned Instruction?

Social media usage.

Artistic expression.

Advanced technological skills.

Psychomotor skills development. (correct)

What does the Individualized Education Program (IEP) primarily guide?

Social counseling strategies.

Individually planned instruction. (correct)

Group-based activities.

Physical exercise routines.

Which of the following represents a part of the 'success' aspect in the context of special education?

Evaluating present and future learning conditions. Signup and view all the answers

According to the content, which service is necessary for transitioning from school for exceptional children?

Needed transitional services. Signup and view all the answers

Which legislation governs special education as mentioned in the content?

Republic Act 7277. Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the key instructional objectives referred to in special education?

Short-term instructional objectives. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a focus area in helping exceptional children achieve personal sufficiency?

Virtual reality skills. Signup and view all the answers

What are the three main categories of causes for disorders originating before age 18?

Prenatal/Biological, Perinatal, Postnatal Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a neonatal disorder?

Respiratory Disorders Signup and view all the answers

What is the most significant factor responsible for 2/3 of cases of disorders with severe forms?

Prenatal/Biological Causes Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of Cultural-Familial Retardation?

Lowered intelligence of unknown origin within families Signup and view all the answers

What is a common prenatal biological disorder that could affect a child's development?

Klinefelter Syndrome Signup and view all the answers

What condition is characterized by the lens failing to focus the light rays from near objects on the retina?

Hyperopia Signup and view all the answers

Postnatal causes of disabilities generally occur in what time frame?

Shortly after birth Signup and view all the answers

Which condition results when the brain cannot fuse the different images cast on each retina into a single image?

Diplopia Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following conditions is not classified as a prenatal disorder?

Neonatal Seizures Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary means of literacy for blind persons invented by Louis Braille?

Braille Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is caused by excessive pressure in the eye?

Glaucoma Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following disorders is categorized as a chromosomal disorder?

Down Syndrome Signup and view all the answers

What is the major symptom of retinitis pigmentosa?

Narrowing field of vision Signup and view all the answers

What aids are specifically designed for the purpose of tactile learning in mathematics?

Cuisenaire Rods with tactile markings Signup and view all the answers

Which eye condition can result in nausea and dizziness due to involuntary eye movements?

Nystagmus Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of cataracts?

Field of vision becomes narrow Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a category covered by special education for exceptional children?

Social intelligence Signup and view all the answers

What is the main goal of inclusive education?

To mainstream exceptional learners in regular classes Signup and view all the answers

Which type of intervention aims primarily to eliminate or counteract risk factors before a disability is acquired?

Primary intervention Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the characteristics of mental retardation?

Significantly sub-average intellectual functioning Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used for being taught in the least restrictive environment?

Inclusive education Signup and view all the answers

Which adaptive skill area is NOT one of the criteria for mental retardation?

Motor skills Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the cognitive deficits associated with conditions like Phenylketonuria?

Sub-average intellectual skills Signup and view all the answers

What is the focus of tertiary intervention within special education?

Minimizing the impact of a specific condition Signup and view all the answers

Which environmental influence can negatively impact brain development during pregnancy?

Maternal malnutrition Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following interventions is intended to keep potential issues from developing into disabilities?

Preventive intervention Signup and view all the answers

What type of deficits may individuals with William Syndrome experience?

Difficulty in attending to tasks Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a common deficit in memory that affects individuals with certain developmental disorders?

Difficulty with the generalization of skill Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following factors is known to cause behavioral excesses and challenging behaviors in some individuals?

Genetic predispositions Signup and view all the answers

What is one primary adaptive behavior deficit observed in individuals with developmental disorders?

Difficulty with self-care and daily living skills Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is NOT a structural brain disorder associated with cognitive deficits?

Phenylketonuria Signup and view all the answers

Which technique is used to break down complex skills into manageable subtasks for learning?

Task analysis Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Special Education Overview

Special Education consists of tailored instruction for exceptional children to foster personal self-sufficiency and success.
Individualized Education Program (IEP) guides the planning of instruction.

Goals of Special Education

Personal sufficiency focuses on independence in:
- Maintenance and development
- Homemaking
- Community involvement
- Vocational and leisure activities
Success assessed through current and future environmental adaptability.

Requirements for Individualized Instruction

Must address learners’ performance levels in key areas:
- Academic achievement
- Prevocational and vocational skills
- Psychomotor skills
- Self-help skills
Includes annual goals and transitional services for post-school plans.

Legislative Framework

Special Education is regulated by laws such as:
- RA 7277 (Magna Carta for Disabled Persons).
Inclusion into basic education programs since 1907.

Categories of Exceptional Children

Encompasses various conditions:
- Mental retardation
- Giftedness and talent
- Learning disabilities
- Emotional and behavioral disorders
- Communication impairments
- Sensory impairments (vision and hearing)
- Physical disabilities
- Health impairments

Understanding Mental Retardation

Defined by significant limitations in:
- Intellectual functioning
- Adaptive behavior across multiple skill areas.
Criteria include difficulties in:
- Communication
- Self-care and direction
- Social skills and community participation.

Causes of Disabilities

Prenatal/Biological factors account for 2/3 of cases:
- Chromosomal disorders (e.g., Down Syndrome).
- Brain development disorders (e.g., Hydrocephaly).
- Environmental influences (e.g., maternal malnutrition).
Postnatal events include head injuries and infections.

Learning and Behavioral Characteristics

Cognitive Deficits:
- Sub-average intellectual skills and academic achievement.
- Challenges in maintaining attention.
Memory Deficits:
- Issues with skill generalization and low motivation.
Adaptive Behavior Deficits:
- Difficulties in self-care and social interactions.

Instructional Methods

Applied Behavioral Analysis (ABA) focuses on behavior modification techniques.
Task Analysis involves breaking down complex tasks into manageable parts.

Vision Impairment Causes

Errors of refraction: hyperopia, myopia, astigmatism.
Muscle imbalances, such as strabismus and diplopia.
Eye diseases including cataracts and glaucoma.

Special Adaptations, Aids, and Technology

Braille, invented by Louis Braille in 1830, enhances literacy for blind individuals.
Brailler functions like a typewriter for the visually impaired.
VersaBraille serves as a portable computer.
Manipulative aids assist in subjects like math and sciences, enhancing tactile learning.

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Description

This quiz covers the key concepts of Special Education, including important definitions, categories, and evaluation procedures. Explore the approaches and strategies specifically designed to support exceptional children. Gain insights into the goals of promoting personal sufficiency and independence in learning.