Special Education Definitions

Questions and Answers

What is the effect of between-class ability grouping on low-ability students?

Has no effect

Lowers their achievement (correct)

Benefits them equally as high-ability students

Increases their achievement

What must be completed before placing a student in a special education program?

Complete evaluation: tests, non-test information, team input

What is the purpose of the least restrictive environment provision of IDEA?

Ensure students with disabilities learn with non-disabled kids

What is the basic purpose of the procedural safeguards written into IDEA?

Ensure that the rights of kids with disabilities are protected Signup and view all the answers

What alternative testing method should be considered for a student who does well on projects but not on written tests?

Give an alternate form of test rather than paper/pencil Signup and view all the answers

The research findings on ability grouping support between-class grouping.

False Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following elements would not be included in an IEP?

Subjective evaluation criteria with teacher's personal opinion Signup and view all the answers

What is a disadvantage of between-class ability grouping?

Influences different learning expectations for different groups Signup and view all the answers

What is it called when completing homework assignments to avoid an undesirable required assignment?

Negative reinforcement Signup and view all the answers

Which scenario best illustrates Type I (presentation) punishment?

Scolding a young child caught playing with makeup Signup and view all the answers

What teaching technique is illustrated when a student who tells long stories is ignored?

Extinction Signup and view all the answers

What approach to instruction is best captured by B.F. Skinner's philosophy?

Clearly specify the goal of instruction, organize content from basic to advanced, let students learn at their own rate Signup and view all the answers

What does the sensory register do?

Registers stimuli briefly while deciding if it will be processed Signup and view all the answers

What is it called when repeating the punch line of a joke while searching for something to write it down?

Maintenance rehearsal Signup and view all the answers

What kind of reinforcement is demonstrated when a child sits quietly in response to a teacher’s praise?

Positive reinforcement Signup and view all the answers

What is it called when a student runs into class late to disturb it for fun?

Time-out Signup and view all the answers

What is the teaching technique called when a teacher promotes participation by smiling and praising contributions?

Shaping Signup and view all the answers

What does long-term memory refer to?

Information that is permanently stored and available for possible retrieval Signup and view all the answers

What is it called when a student relates a lecture statement to a personal experience of looking at crystals in a microscope?

Elaborative rehearsal Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of bringing a juggling clown to teach physics concepts?

It may work well since unusual events command a child's attention Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following does not characterize someone from a different culture?

All children require adequate nutrition to develop properly Signup and view all the answers

What might help a student who has difficulty working alone on assignments?

Try letting the student work cooperatively with peers Signup and view all the answers

How can you develop a positive attitude towards school in an inner-city elementary school with minority students?

Show students you care by talking to them about problems Signup and view all the answers

What is one main reason for the widening gap in school success for students from poverty?

Minority or poor students don’t have a formal language register at home Signup and view all the answers

What should you do to increase achievement levels for low SES racial/ethnic students?

Create a caring and supportive environment, have high but realistic expectations for learning, use scaffolded instruction Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Ability Grouping and Special Education

Between-class ability grouping negatively impacts low-ability students and shows no benefits for others.
A comprehensive evaluation, including tests and team input, is required before placing a student in a special education program.

IDEA Provisions

The least restrictive environment provision of IDEA ensures students with disabilities can learn alongside their non-disabled peers.
Procedural safeguards in IDEA are designed to protect the rights of children with disabilities.

Testing and Assessment

For students, like Edgar with learning disabilities, providing alternative forms of assessment can be beneficial instead of traditional paper-and-pencil tests.
Research indicates a lack of empirical support for the effectiveness of between-class ability grouping.

Individualized Education Programs (IEP)

IEPs should not contain subjective evaluation criteria based on teachers' personal opinions.

Learning Expectations and Reinforcement

Between-class grouping can create varied learning expectations for different groups, leading to educational disparities.
Avoiding an undesirable assignment by completing homework is an example of negative reinforcement.

Punishment and Instruction Techniques

Type I punishment is illustrated when a child is scolded for inappropriate behavior, such as playing with makeup.
Ignoring a student who tells lengthy stories during class relates to the technique of extinction.
B.F. Skinner's instructional approach emphasizes setting clear goals, logical sequencing, and self-paced learning.

Memory and Learning Strategies

The sensory register briefly processes stimuli to determine if they will be further analyzed.
Maintenance rehearsal involves repeatedly focusing on information to keep it accessible.
Positive reinforcement is displayed when a child reacts appropriately to teacher praise.

Behavioral Management

Using time-out as a strategy, such as having a disruptive student sit outside the classroom, helps manage behavior.
Shaping is encouraged when a teacher promotes participation through smiles and praise.

Long-term Memory and Retrieval

Long-term memory (LTM) holds information indefinitely for potential retrieval.
Elaborative rehearsal occurs when a student connects new information, like lecture content, to previous experiences.

Engaging Teaching Techniques

Utilizing unusual events, such as a juggling clown, can capture students' attention and enhance learning retention.

Cultural Sensitivity and Support

Not all children from different cultures share the same nutritional needs for development.
Cooperative learning can assist students who struggle with solo assignments, promoting collaboration with peers.

Attitude and Environment in Education

Building a positive attitude toward school in minority students involves demonstrating genuine care for their challenges.
A widening success gap for students from poverty may stem from a lack of formal language exposure at home.

Strategies for Increasing Achievement

To support low SES racial/ethnic students, create a nurturing environment, maintain high yet realistic expectations, and implement scaffolded instruction.

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Description

Test your knowledge on key terms related to special education and the impacts of ability grouping. This quiz covers essential concepts including evaluation processes and legal provisions under IDEA. Perfect for educators and students in the education field.