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Questions and Answers
What is the main focus of the preliminary investigation phase of a special crime investigation?
What is the main focus of the preliminary investigation phase of a special crime investigation?
- To verify jurisdiction
- To identify the perpetrator/s (correct)
- To recover stolen property
- To aid in the prosecution of the perpetrator
Which of the following is NOT a responsibility of a Special Crime Investigator?
Which of the following is NOT a responsibility of a Special Crime Investigator?
- Determine if the crime has been committed
- Recover stolen property
- Aid in the prosecution of the perpetrator
- Conduct autopsies on deceased individuals (correct)
What type of evidence is typically relied upon more heavily in the present criminal justice system?
What type of evidence is typically relied upon more heavily in the present criminal justice system?
- Physical evidence (correct)
- Extra-judicial confession
- Expert opinion
- Eyewitness testimony
Which of the following is NOT typically considered an unnatural or unexplained death?
Which of the following is NOT typically considered an unnatural or unexplained death?
What is another term for Legal Medicine?
What is another term for Legal Medicine?
Which of the following is NOT a typical step in a preliminary investigation?
Which of the following is NOT a typical step in a preliminary investigation?
What is the initial report of a crime generally called?
What is the initial report of a crime generally called?
What is the most critical phase in the majority of criminal investigations?
What is the most critical phase in the majority of criminal investigations?
What is the most important time frame for collecting evidence in murder and kidnapping investigations?
What is the most important time frame for collecting evidence in murder and kidnapping investigations?
Which of the following is NOT considered a standard method of recording investigative data?
Which of the following is NOT considered a standard method of recording investigative data?
What is the primary focus of Specialized Crime Investigation?
What is the primary focus of Specialized Crime Investigation?
Which of the following is NOT a key aspect of the definition of 'investigate'?
Which of the following is NOT a key aspect of the definition of 'investigate'?
What is the significance of the word 'vestigium' in relation to the term 'investigation'?
What is the significance of the word 'vestigium' in relation to the term 'investigation'?
Which of the following is NOT a key quality of a good investigator?
Which of the following is NOT a key quality of a good investigator?
What is the primary role of the crime laboratory technician in Specialized Crime Investigation?
What is the primary role of the crime laboratory technician in Specialized Crime Investigation?
Why is teamwork between field investigators and crime laboratory technicians essential in Specialized Crime Investigation?
Why is teamwork between field investigators and crime laboratory technicians essential in Specialized Crime Investigation?
Which search method involves moving in a straight line across the search area, then returning to the original side and walking across again, slightly above the previous line?
Which search method involves moving in a straight line across the search area, then returning to the original side and walking across again, slightly above the previous line?
What is a potential drawback of the Wheel Method?
What is a potential drawback of the Wheel Method?
Which search method is best suited for large, open areas?
Which search method is best suited for large, open areas?
Which search method utilizes a circular pattern, moving from the outer perimeter inward?
Which search method utilizes a circular pattern, moving from the outer perimeter inward?
In the Double Strip Search Method, what is the process for traversing the rectangle?
In the Double Strip Search Method, what is the process for traversing the rectangle?
What are the minimum requirements for a crime scene sketch?
What are the minimum requirements for a crime scene sketch?
What does the "cross projection" method involve?
What does the "cross projection" method involve?
Which method is best suited for sketching outdoor crime scenes where there are no easily identifiable points of reference?
Which method is best suited for sketching outdoor crime scenes where there are no easily identifiable points of reference?
What is the primary purpose of the "Rectangular Coordinate Method"?
What is the primary purpose of the "Rectangular Coordinate Method"?
Which method involves measuring objects by extending a tape measure through the scene?
Which method involves measuring objects by extending a tape measure through the scene?
What does "Azimuth/Polar Coordinate" method involve?
What does "Azimuth/Polar Coordinate" method involve?
What should the investigating officer do before searching the scene?
What should the investigating officer do before searching the scene?
Which of the below is a NOT a critical element in the crime scene sketch?
Which of the below is a NOT a critical element in the crime scene sketch?
What is another name for a Follow-up investigation? (Select all that apply)
What is another name for a Follow-up investigation? (Select all that apply)
Which of the following is NOT a key element of a crime scene sketch?
Which of the following is NOT a key element of a crime scene sketch?
What is the primary purpose of a crime scene sketch?
What is the primary purpose of a crime scene sketch?
What is the difference between a rough sketch and a finished sketch? (Select all that apply)
What is the difference between a rough sketch and a finished sketch? (Select all that apply)
Which of the following is considered a 'Sketch in Locality'?
Which of the following is considered a 'Sketch in Locality'?
Why is sketching considered supplementary to photography?
Why is sketching considered supplementary to photography?
Which type of investigation involves evaluating evidence and presenting it to prove guilt?
Which type of investigation involves evaluating evidence and presenting it to prove guilt?
What is the main purpose of conducting a 'Ground Sketch' at a crime scene?
What is the main purpose of conducting a 'Ground Sketch' at a crime scene?
Flashcards
Strip Method
Strip Method
A search method involving walking straight lines across the area.
Double Strip Search
Double Strip Search
A modified strip search that traverses the area in both directions.
Zone Method
Zone Method
Divides the scene into sectors, with one searcher per zone.
Wheel Method
Wheel Method
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Spiral Method
Spiral Method
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Compass Directions
Compass Directions
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Essential Items
Essential Items
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Scale or Proportion
Scale or Proportion
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Legend
Legend
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Title
Title
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Rectangular Coordinate Method
Rectangular Coordinate Method
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Triangulation Method
Triangulation Method
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Azimuth/Polar Coordinates
Azimuth/Polar Coordinates
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Investigation
Investigation
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Golden Hour in Investigation
Golden Hour in Investigation
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Qualities of a Good Investigator
Qualities of a Good Investigator
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Tools of Investigation
Tools of Investigation
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Specialized Crime Investigation
Specialized Crime Investigation
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Evidence Collection Methods
Evidence Collection Methods
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Physical Evidence
Physical Evidence
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Crime Laboratory Role
Crime Laboratory Role
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Follow-up Investigation
Follow-up Investigation
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Concluding Investigation
Concluding Investigation
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Crime Scene Sketch
Crime Scene Sketch
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Rough Sketch
Rough Sketch
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Finished Sketch
Finished Sketch
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Sketch in Locality
Sketch in Locality
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Sketch of the Ground
Sketch of the Ground
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Sketch of Details
Sketch of Details
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Legal Medicine
Legal Medicine
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Medico-Legal Officer
Medico-Legal Officer
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Special Crime Investigator Responsibilities
Special Crime Investigator Responsibilities
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Preliminary Investigation
Preliminary Investigation
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Complaint Report
Complaint Report
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Critical Phase
Critical Phase
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Evidence Collection
Evidence Collection
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Death Investigations
Death Investigations
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Study Notes
Week 2-3: Fundamentals of Special Crime Investigation and Legal Medicine
- Criminal Investigation:
- Etymology: Derived from Latin word "vestigare," meaning to track, observe, inquire, or search for truthful information.
- Goal: To understand historical background, concepts, principles, and investigative qualities of criminal investigators.
- Tools: Cardinal points of investigation (e.g., taking photos, sketches).
- Golden hour (PNP, 2011): First 72 hours of a murder/kidnapping investigation-critical time for evidence gathering.
- Records of investigations: Include photographs, sketches, written notes of observations, fingerprint development, physical evidence gathering, plaster casts, tape recordings, and video recordings.
- Specialized Crime Investigation:
- Focuses on applying special investigative techniques to major crimes, closely working with crime lab technicians.
- Importance of physical evidence (over extra-judicial confessions).
- Legal Medicine:
- Definition: A branch of medicine applying medical knowledge to law and justice.
- Also known as forensic medicine,
- Focuses on the application of medical knowledge to legal problems and legal proceedings in the administration of justice.
- Includes death investigations involving homicides, suicides, and unintentional injuries.
Timeline of Legal Medicine in Philippines
- 1858: First medical textbook by Spanish physician (Dr. Rafael Genard y Mas) included medico-legal instructions.
- 1871: Legal medicine as an academic subject was introduced in Santo Tomas University.
- 1876: Medico-legal aid was part of public sanitation duties for Spanish officials.
- 1894: Rules regulating medico-legal services were published.
- 1895: Medico-legal laboratory was established in Manila and expanded to provinces.
- 1898: American civil government preserved Spanish legal medicine system.
- 1901: Philippine Commission established provincial/insular health boards with some medico-legal functions.
- 1908: Philippine Medical School included legal medicine in curriculum for medical students.
- 1919: University of the Philippines had a dedicated legal medicine department.
- 1922 & 1937: Legislation established medico-legal departments within government institutions and courts.
- 1939: Medico-legal function of the University of the Philippines transferred to the Division of Investigation, Department of Justice.
- 1942: Government consolidated law enforcement agencies, including those related to investigation.
- 1945: Criminal investigation laboratories were created within law enforcement, with medical examiners' involvement.
Crime Scene Investigation
- Crime Scene Sketch:
- Depicts crime scene layout and location of evidence in relation to its surroundings.
- Two kinds (rough, finished).
- Different Measurement Methods:
- Examples include rectangular coordinate method, baseline (station line), triangulation, azimuth and polar coordinates.
Crime Scene Search Methods
- Strip/Line Method: A linear search method moving back and forth in a straight line.
- Double Strip Method: Variation of strip method making two parallel lines of search.
- Grid Method: Dividing the search area into grids for systematic coverage
- Zone or Sector Method: Different zones/sectors assigned to searchers.
- Wheel Method: Centering and moving outward in concentric circles.
- Spiral Method: Starting at the edge and moving inwards in a circular pattern.
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Description
Test your understanding of the preliminary investigation phase in special crime investigations. This quiz covers key responsibilities of special crime investigators, types of evidence, and the critical elements of criminal investigations. Challenge your knowledge on various aspects of specialized crime investigation.
