32 Questions
What is the main characteristic of soluble dietary fibers?
They form a gel-like material and are almost completely fermented in the colon
Why are soluble fibers important for stool weight enhancement?
They increase bacterial mass in the colon
What is the primary composition of pectin compounds?
D-Galacturonic acid
How do pectin compounds influence small intestine transit time?
They slow down small intestine transit time due to their gelling properties
What is the structure of pectin?
Heteropolymer consisting of galacturonic acid linked by α-1,4 bonds and substituted with rhamnopyranose units
How does soluble fiber affect feces excretion?
Very little soluble fiber is excreted in the feces due to high breakdown by colon microflora
What is the main physiological effect of pectin?
Improved plasma glucose and cholesterol levels
What is the most abundant source of pectin?
Citrus fruits
How is pectin broken down in the gastrointestinal tract?
Through fermentation by colon microorganisms
Which microorganisms ferment pectin in the colon?
Bifidobacteria and Lactobacillus
What functional properties of guar gum contribute to lowering the risk of developing atherosclerosis?
Enhanced cholesterol clearance from the blood circulatory system
How does dietary guar gum impact glucose sensitivity?
Increases glucose sensitivity
What is the basic mechanism behind the hypocholesterolemic effects of guar gum?
Reduction in free cholesterol in the liver
How does pectin contribute to reducing diarrhea intensity in children and infants?
By reducing the numbers of pathogenic bacteria such as Klebsiella and Salmonella
What is the primary ability of pectin that allows it to trap nutrients and reduce their absorption from the GIT?
Ability to form a gel or thickened solution
What functional property of guar gum makes it an ingredient of choice in the formulation of functional foods for treatment of cholesterol-related cardiovascular diseases?
Guar gum has hypocholesterolemic effects in animals and humans
How does pectin influence small intestine transit time?
Pectin may slow gastric emptying and influence small intestine transit time due to its gelling properties.
What is the main physiological effect of soluble dietary fibers?
They enhance stool weight due to increased growth of bacteria.
What is the primary composition of pectin compounds?
Pectin compounds are primarily composed of D-Galacturonic acid.
Why are soluble fibers important for stool weight enhancement?
Soluble fibers are important for stool weight enhancement because they support increased growth of bacteria.
What is the structure of pectin?
It is a heteropolymer consisting of a backbone of linear galacturonic acids linked by α-1,4 bonds and substituted with α-1,2 rhamnopyranose units that contain side chains of neutral sugars such as glucose, mannose, xylose, and galactose.
How is pectin broken down in the gastrointestinal tract?
Pectin is digested almost completely by colonic bacteria.
What are the main physiological effects of pectin?
Improved plasma glucose, cholesterol, and total lipid profiles
How does pectin contribute to the prevention of chronic diseases?
By helping in the prevention of obesity, diabetes, atherosclerosis, and cancer
What are the functional properties of dietary guar gum in improving cardiovascular health?
Decreasing fasting blood glucose, cholesterol, triacylglycerol, systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure
How does dietary guar gum contribute to lowering the risk of developing atherosclerosis?
By enhancing cholesterol clearance from the blood circulatory system
What microorganisms ferment pectin in the colon?
Acid-producing bacteria, Bifidobacteria, and Lactobacillus
What are the health benefits of guar gum consumption for insulin-dependent diabetics?
Increases in glucose sensitivity and ratio of LDL cholesterol to HDL-cholesterol
How does pectin reduce the absorption of nutrients from the GIT?
By forming a gel or thickened solution that traps nutrients
What is the basic mechanism behind the hypocholesterolemic effects of guar gum?
The ability to reduce concentration of free cholesterol in the liver
What is the primary ability of pectin that allows it to trap nutrients and reduce their absorption from the GIT?
Ability to form a gel or thickened solution
How does the resultant increased acidity from pectin fermentation benefit intestinal health?
It could be lethal to pathogenic microorganisms
Test your knowledge about soluble dietary fibers, including the parts of plant foods your body can't digest or absorb, their gel-like material formation, and their fermentation in the colon by microorganisms. Explore the impact of soluble fibers on stool weight and bacterial growth.
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