Soluble Dietary Fibers Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the main characteristic of soluble dietary fibers?

  • They are easily absorbed by the body and do not contribute to bacterial growth
  • They form a gel-like material and are almost completely fermented in the colon (correct)
  • They are not soluble in water and remain intact in the colon
  • They have no impact on stool weight or bacterial mass

Why are soluble fibers important for stool weight enhancement?

  • They increase bacterial mass in the colon (correct)
  • They provide direct nutrition to the body
  • They slow down the fermentation process in the colon
  • They lower the pH level in the colon

What is the primary composition of pectin compounds?

  • D-Mannose
  • D-Fructose
  • D-Galacturonic acid (correct)
  • D-Glucose

How do pectin compounds influence small intestine transit time?

<p>They slow down small intestine transit time due to their gelling properties (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the structure of pectin?

<p>Heteropolymer consisting of galacturonic acid linked by α-1,4 bonds and substituted with rhamnopyranose units (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does soluble fiber affect feces excretion?

<p>Very little soluble fiber is excreted in the feces due to high breakdown by colon microflora (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main physiological effect of pectin?

<p>Improved plasma glucose and cholesterol levels (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most abundant source of pectin?

<p>Citrus fruits (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is pectin broken down in the gastrointestinal tract?

<p>Through fermentation by colon microorganisms (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which microorganisms ferment pectin in the colon?

<p>Bifidobacteria and Lactobacillus (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What functional properties of guar gum contribute to lowering the risk of developing atherosclerosis?

<p>Enhanced cholesterol clearance from the blood circulatory system (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does dietary guar gum impact glucose sensitivity?

<p>Increases glucose sensitivity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the basic mechanism behind the hypocholesterolemic effects of guar gum?

<p>Reduction in free cholesterol in the liver (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does pectin contribute to reducing diarrhea intensity in children and infants?

<p>By reducing the numbers of pathogenic bacteria such as Klebsiella and Salmonella (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary ability of pectin that allows it to trap nutrients and reduce their absorption from the GIT?

<p>Ability to form a gel or thickened solution (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What functional property of guar gum makes it an ingredient of choice in the formulation of functional foods for treatment of cholesterol-related cardiovascular diseases?

<p>Guar gum has hypocholesterolemic effects in animals and humans (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does pectin influence small intestine transit time?

<p>Pectin may slow gastric emptying and influence small intestine transit time due to its gelling properties.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main physiological effect of soluble dietary fibers?

<p>They enhance stool weight due to increased growth of bacteria.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary composition of pectin compounds?

<p>Pectin compounds are primarily composed of D-Galacturonic acid.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are soluble fibers important for stool weight enhancement?

<p>Soluble fibers are important for stool weight enhancement because they support increased growth of bacteria.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the structure of pectin?

<p>It is a heteropolymer consisting of a backbone of linear galacturonic acids linked by α-1,4 bonds and substituted with α-1,2 rhamnopyranose units that contain side chains of neutral sugars such as glucose, mannose, xylose, and galactose.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is pectin broken down in the gastrointestinal tract?

<p>Pectin is digested almost completely by colonic bacteria.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the main physiological effects of pectin?

<p>Improved plasma glucose, cholesterol, and total lipid profiles</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does pectin contribute to the prevention of chronic diseases?

<p>By helping in the prevention of obesity, diabetes, atherosclerosis, and cancer</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the functional properties of dietary guar gum in improving cardiovascular health?

<p>Decreasing fasting blood glucose, cholesterol, triacylglycerol, systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does dietary guar gum contribute to lowering the risk of developing atherosclerosis?

<p>By enhancing cholesterol clearance from the blood circulatory system</p> Signup and view all the answers

What microorganisms ferment pectin in the colon?

<p>Acid-producing bacteria, Bifidobacteria, and Lactobacillus</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the health benefits of guar gum consumption for insulin-dependent diabetics?

<p>Increases in glucose sensitivity and ratio of LDL cholesterol to HDL-cholesterol</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does pectin reduce the absorption of nutrients from the GIT?

<p>By forming a gel or thickened solution that traps nutrients</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the basic mechanism behind the hypocholesterolemic effects of guar gum?

<p>The ability to reduce concentration of free cholesterol in the liver</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary ability of pectin that allows it to trap nutrients and reduce their absorption from the GIT?

<p>Ability to form a gel or thickened solution</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the resultant increased acidity from pectin fermentation benefit intestinal health?

<p>It could be lethal to pathogenic microorganisms</p> Signup and view all the answers

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