Solubility Definitions Flashcards

Solutions and Mixtures

• Solutions are homogeneous mixtures where all components are uniformly distributed.
• A mixture comprises two or more substances combined without fixed proportions and no chemical bonding.

Solubility Concepts

• Solubility refers to the capacity of a substance to dissolve in another under specific temperature and pressure conditions, indicating how much solute can blend with a solvent to create a saturated solution.
• "Saturation" describes the process of completely soaking a material with a liquid until no more can be absorbed.
• "Supersaturation" occurs when a solution holds more solute than needed for saturation, often creating unstable conditions.

Components of Solutions

• Solvents are liquids that dissolve other substances, forming a solution; water is the most common solvent.
• Solutes are the substances that dissolve in solvents to form solutions.

Special Solutions

• Aqueous solutions indicate that water is the solvent utilized.
• Suspensions are mixtures where water and undissolved solids coexist, as opposed to being completely dissolved.

Concentration Measurements

• Molarity measures concentration based on the number of moles of solute per liter of solvent, providing a standard way to express solution concentration.
• Molality refers to molal concentration, focusing on the number of moles of solute per kilogram of solvent.

Graphical Representation

• Solubility curves graphically represent the solubility of different solutes at various temperatures, helping visualize how solubility changes with temperature.

Mixture Types

• Heterogeneous mixtures feature uneven distributions of pure substances throughout the mixture, leading to visible differences.
• Homogeneous mixtures maintain uniform composition and properties, appearing consistent throughout.

Chemical Processes

• Effervescence describes the bubbling effect caused by gas escaping from a liquid, notably during fizzy reactions.
• Precipitation is the process of forming a fine suspension of solid particles from a solution, often resulting in visible changes in a mixture.

Test your knowledge of solubility concepts with these flashcards. Each card features essential terms and their definitions, including solutions, solubility, and solvents. Perfect for students looking to reinforce their understanding of chemistry topics.