Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following techniques is mentioned for software sizing?
Which of the following techniques is mentioned for software sizing?
Estimation models are not important for the software project planning process.
Estimation models are not important for the software project planning process.
False (B)
What are the three types of resources mentioned in the estimation process?
What are the three types of resources mentioned in the estimation process?
Human resources, reusable software resources, environmental resources
The _____ model is a basic estimation model used in software engineering.
The _____ model is a basic estimation model used in software engineering.
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Match the following concepts with their descriptions:
Match the following concepts with their descriptions:
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Which of the following is NOT a variable to consider in operational feasibility?
Which of the following is NOT a variable to consider in operational feasibility?
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Legal and regulatory feasibility includes ensuring compliance with data privacy regulations such as GDPR.
Legal and regulatory feasibility includes ensuring compliance with data privacy regulations such as GDPR.
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What is a crucial aspect of project management that evaluates whether a project can be completed within the defined timeframe?
What is a crucial aspect of project management that evaluates whether a project can be completed within the defined timeframe?
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The app's pricing strategies could include options like ______ or in-app purchases.
The app's pricing strategies could include options like ______ or in-app purchases.
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Which of the following factors can influence the schedule feasibility of an app development project?
Which of the following factors can influence the schedule feasibility of an app development project?
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What is the estimated total size of the project in KLOC?
What is the estimated total size of the project in KLOC?
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Match the following variables with their corresponding categories regarding feasibility:
Match the following variables with their corresponding categories regarding feasibility:
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Monetization timelines are unrelated to the startup's ability to achieve profitability.
Monetization timelines are unrelated to the startup's ability to achieve profitability.
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The project falls under the organic category.
The project falls under the organic category.
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Name one legal framework that apps need to comply with regarding user data handling.
Name one legal framework that apps need to comply with regarding user data handling.
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What is the average salary of software engineers assumed in the project estimation?
What is the average salary of software engineers assumed in the project estimation?
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The formula for Initial Effort (Ei) for organic projects is Ei = 3.2 * (KLOC)^____.
The formula for Initial Effort (Ei) for organic projects is Ei = 3.2 * (KLOC)^____.
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Match the following modules with their estimated sizes:
Match the following modules with their estimated sizes:
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What is the Effort Adjusting Factor (EAF) calculated for the project?
What is the Effort Adjusting Factor (EAF) calculated for the project?
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What is the final effort (E) calculated for the project in person-months?
What is the final effort (E) calculated for the project in person-months?
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The nominal development time (Tdev) for the project is approximately ____ months.
The nominal development time (Tdev) for the project is approximately ____ months.
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Which of the following is NOT a category of software engineering resources?
Which of the following is NOT a category of software engineering resources?
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Environmental resources in software projects refer to the workspace provided to the team.
Environmental resources in software projects refer to the workspace provided to the team.
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What are the two types of components classified under reusable software?
What are the two types of components classified under reusable software?
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For a project requiring workforce distribution, the location of each __________ resource must be specified.
For a project requiring workforce distribution, the location of each __________ resource must be specified.
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Match the following resource types with their definitions:
Match the following resource types with their definitions:
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What is required to determine the number of people required for a software project?
What is required to determine the number of people required for a software project?
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Change sizing is only applicable to new software projects.
Change sizing is only applicable to new software projects.
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Function point sizing is used to develop estimates of the information domain characteristics such as external input, external output, __________, internal logical files, and external interface files.
Function point sizing is used to develop estimates of the information domain characteristics such as external input, external output, __________, internal logical files, and external interface files.
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What is the formula for the initial estimate of development effort?
What is the formula for the initial estimate of development effort?
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The Effort Adjustment Factor (EAF) is derived from multiplying factors based on project attributes.
The Effort Adjustment Factor (EAF) is derived from multiplying factors based on project attributes.
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What does KLOC stand for?
What does KLOC stand for?
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For the Organic software category, the values of a and b are ___ and ___ respectively.
For the Organic software category, the values of a and b are ___ and ___ respectively.
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Match the following classes of software products with their respective constants for effort estimation:
Match the following classes of software products with their respective constants for effort estimation:
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Which formula represents the calculation for Nominal Development Time?
Which formula represents the calculation for Nominal Development Time?
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Embedded software requires a higher constant 'b' than Organic software.
Embedded software requires a higher constant 'b' than Organic software.
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Write the Effort Adjustment Factor formula.
Write the Effort Adjustment Factor formula.
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What is the total size estimated for the data update in the organic project?
What is the total size estimated for the data update in the organic project?
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The data entry module in the semidetached project is larger than the data entry module in the organic project.
The data entry module in the semidetached project is larger than the data entry module in the organic project.
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What is the average salary of software engineers assumed for the organic project?
What is the average salary of software engineers assumed for the organic project?
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The total estimated size for the Reports module in the organic project is _____ KDLOC.
The total estimated size for the Reports module in the organic project is _____ KDLOC.
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Which cost driver attribute has a high rating with a multiplying factor of 1.06?
Which cost driver attribute has a high rating with a multiplying factor of 1.06?
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The total estimated size of the Query module in the semidetached project is higher than that in the organic project.
The total estimated size of the Query module in the semidetached project is higher than that in the organic project.
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What is the multiplying factor for Programmer Capability with a low rating?
What is the multiplying factor for Programmer Capability with a low rating?
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Match the modules with their respective sizes in the organic project:
Match the modules with their respective sizes in the organic project:
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Study Notes
Software Feasibility
- Includes technology, finance, time, resources, legal, and operational dimensions
- Technology: Feasibility in current technology, defect reduction, matching needs.
- Finance: Project budget feasibility, cost to organization/client/market.
- Time: Project timeline to compete with market and competitors.
- Resources: Availability of needed resources.
- Legal: Complying with legal requirements.
- Operational: Project integration into current operations (training, user onboarding, etc.).
Technical Feasibility
- Evaluation of the solution's technical feasibility
- Technology Stack: Choosing appropriate programming languages, frameworks, and tools.
- Integration: Defining how the app interacts with external services.
- Scalability: Ensuring the architecture can handle user growth.
- Security: Planning for data encryption, authentication, and vulnerability protection.
Financial Feasibility
- Assesses the project's financial feasibility and ability to sustain startup and operation
- Budget: Costs involved in development, testing, deployment, and ongoing maintenance.
- Revenue Model: Pricing strategies, freemium models, or in-app purchases
- Monetization Timelines: Project timeline to achieve profitability
Operational Feasibility
- Evaluation of the app's integration into the startup's existing operations
- Internal Processes: Aligning app data flows with existing workflows and support requirements.
- Training and Support: User onboarding, support for future updates, and user retraining.
- Resource Availability: Ensuring necessary human resources, infrastructure, and time commitment from the startup.
Legal and Regulatory Feasibility
- Ensuring that the app complies with legal and regulatory frameworks
- Data Privacy: Adhering to data protection regulations (GDPR, HIPAA).
- Financial Regulations: Compliance with financial laws and regulations (transactions, financial advice practices).
- Licensing and Intellectual Property: Acquiring or licensing any necessary third-party components or intellectual properties.
Schedule Feasibility
- Evaluating if the project can be completed within the required time.
- Project Complexity: Complex software requires more time to develop.
- Available Resources: Adequate skilled personnel, equipment, and software tools. Resource shortages can lead to delays.
- Team Skills: Highly skilled teams lead to faster development but lack of expertise can create delays in learning curves.
- Potential Risks: Identifying and mitigating potential risks like technical challenges, external dependencies, unexpected obstacles.
- Scope and Requirements: Project scope changes and frequent modifications can impact the timeline.
- Dependencies: Understanding internal and external dependencies can help identify delays in the project. Contingency planning.
- Buffer Time: Adding buffer for unforeseen issues or delays.
Resource Feasibility
- Assessing the availability of needed resources for project success
- Human Resources: Skills matching, team capacity, workload management.
- Financial Resources: Determining the project's budget.
- Physical Resources: Office space, equipment, and infrastructure availability.
- Technological Resources: Available technology and software support in the project timeline.
- Time: Timeline adherence.
- Resource Allocation: Efficient and effective resource allocation to avoid bottlenecks and overloads
Software Resources
- Human Resources
- Reusable software resources
- Environmental resources
Software Resources - Human Resources
- Individuals are sufficient for smaller projects
- Larger projects often involve diverse and geographically dispersed teams
- Required people numbers are determined after estimating development efforts (person-months, PM)
Software Resources - Reusable Software
- Off-the-shelf components are used from third-party sources or past projects.
- Full-experience components: similar components from previous projects.
- Partial-experience components: associated components from previous projects that need substantial modification.
- Newly built components for unique needs.
Software Resources - Environmental Resources
- Environment that supports software from hardware and software
- Hardware provides a platform for the software tools needed to generate work products
Decomposition Techniques - Software Sizing
- Function Point Sizing: Developing estimates of information domain characteristics
- Standard component sizing: Estimating the occurrences of the component
- Historical project data: Using previous project data to determine delivered LOC and sizing components
- Change Sizing: Modifications to existing software (reuse, adding code, changing/deleting code)
Basic COCOMO Model
- Constructive Cost Estimation Model (COCOMO)
- Developed by Dr. Berry Boehm in 1981
- Stages of software cost estimation
- Development modes (organic, semidetached, embedded)
- Parameters for different development modes (a and b)
Calculating Effort and Time
- Obtain initial effort estimate (a * (KLOC)^b) in person months
- Determine effort adjustments in a set of 15 factors
- Calculate the nominal development time(a1 * (E)^b1) in months
Problems
- Example scenarios (problems with sizes) and relevant estimations
- Organic Mode System estimations
- Semidetached Mode System estimations
References
- Various sources of information on software estimation and COCOMO
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Description
This quiz covers essential concepts and techniques related to software sizing and estimation in software engineering. Participants will explore estimation models, resource types, feasibility variables, and pricing strategies. Test your knowledge on these important aspects crucial for successful software project planning!
