Software Engineering Course Overview
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Questions and Answers

What is a primary focus of software engineering?

  • Systematic hardware design
  • Theoretical foundations of computing
  • Practicalities of developing software (correct)
  • Hardware development

    • System engineering is primarily concerned with hardware and not software.

    False

    What are software products?

    Software products are software systems delivered to customers along with documentation for installation and use.

    Generic products are produced for the ______ market.

    <p>open</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of a generic software product?

    <p>Word processing software for PCs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Customized products are created specifically for particular customers.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following software types with their definitions:

    <p>Generic Products = Universally produced for the open market Customized Products = Unique solution for specific customers Software Engineering = Practicalities of software development Computer Science = Theoretical foundations of computing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect does software engineering cover within system engineering?

    <p>Software engineering is concerned with developing the software for computer-based systems.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant difference in functionality between generic and custom software?

    <p>Generic software has functionality designed for several entities.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Quality is a main criterion in generic software development.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical development cost of generic software compared to custom software?

    <p>Generally lower for generic software and higher for custom software.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Custom software specifications are produced internally by the ______ department.

    <p>marketing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of generic software?

    <p>High development cost</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Marketing is required for custom software.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Name the four fundamental activities that are common to all software processes.

    <p>Requirements analysis, design, implementation, and testing.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the type of software development with its characteristic:

    <p>Generic = Produced for multiple entities Custom = Tailored to specific customer needs Quality in Generic = Not a priority Quality in Custom = Main criterion for development</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following activities does NOT fall under the software process?

    <p>Documentation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Evolution in software engineering refers to the initial phase of software development.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of software costs is typically attributed to development?

    <p>60%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    ______ costs often exceed development costs for custom software.

    <p>Evolution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which challenge involves the need to meet fast-changing technology?

    <p>Heterogeneity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Developing trustworthy software is one of the key challenges in software engineering.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following key challenges in software engineering to their descriptions:

    <p>Heterogeneity = Coping with increasing diversity of platforms Delivery = Demands for reduced delivery times Trust = Developing trustworthy software Evolution = Updating software to reflect changing demands</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main concern of software engineering in terms of cost?

    <p>Cost-effective software development</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of system is designed to gather data from various sources using sensors?

    <p>Data collection systems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Entertainment systems are primarily intended for professional use.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key consideration when developing any type of software system?

    <p>Dependability and performance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Systems for modeling and simulation are developed by ______ to model physical processes.

    <p>scientists and engineers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following types of systems with their descriptions:

    <p>Data collection systems = Gather data through sensors Entertainment systems = Intended for personal use Modelling and simulation systems = Model physical processes Systems of systems = Composed of multiple software systems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a type of application system?

    <p>Financial management systems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Reusing already developed software is considered a good practice in software development.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do data collection systems monitor in healthcare settings?

    <p>Vital signs such as heart rate, blood glucose levels, and oxygen saturation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following represents a potential ethical conflict for software engineers?

    <p>Releasing a safety-critical system without proper testing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Participation in the development of military weapons systems is considered a morally acceptable practice in all cases.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Name an example of an embedded system used for health management.

    <p>A personal insulin pump</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A wilderness weather station collects data about ______ conditions in remote areas.

    <p>weather</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following systems with their primary purpose:

    <p>Insulin Pump = Blood glucose control Mentcare = Mental health case management Wilderness Weather Station = Weather data collection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should engineers do if a task is beyond their expertise?

    <p>Decline to accept the task</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Engineers should prioritize protecting the intellectual property of their clients and employers.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What ranges can computer misuse include?

    <p>From trivial activities like game playing to serious offenses like spreading viruses.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The ACM/IEEE Code of Ethics is designed to guide the behavior of _______.

    <p>professional software engineers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following terms with their definitions:

    <p>Intellectual Property = Legal rights concerning the use of creations of the mind Computer Misuse = Improper use of someone's computer or digital resources Ethical Dilemma = A situation where different people have conflicting views ACM/IEEE Code of Ethics = Guidelines for ethical behavior in software engineering</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a principle of the ACM/IEEE Code of Ethics?

    <p>Maximizing profit for employers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Engineers are allowed to misuse their technical skills as long as it is not serious.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of the ACM/IEEE Code of Ethics?

    <p>To ensure ethical behavior among professional software engineers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Software Engineering Course Information

    • Course instructor: Dr. Fatma ElSayed
    • Department: Computer Science Department
    • Email: [email protected]
    • Academic year: 2024/2025

    Course Contents

    • Introduction to Software Engineering
    • Software Processes
    • Requirements Engineering
    • System Design
    • System Modeling
    • System Architecture
    • Software Testing Strategies
    • Software Testing Techniques
    • Technical Metrics for Software

    What is Software?

    • Computer programs and associated documentation.
    • Includes documentation for setup, use, and user support materials.
    • Intended to support professional software development, not individual programming
    • Typically developed by teams rather than individuals
    • Maintained and changed throughout its lifecycle

    Attributes of Good Software

    • Deliver required functionality and performance to the user
    • Four essential attributes:
      • Maintainability: Meeting changing needs, easy upgrades, quick and cheap
      • Dependability: Trustworthy, no physical or economic damage
      • Efficiency: No wasteful resource use, minimized processor usage
      • Acceptability: Understandable, usable, and compatible with other systems, accepted by users

    What is Software Engineering?

    • Engineering discipline concerned with all aspects of software production using systematic, well-defined scientific techniques.
    • Aims to produce an effective and reliable product.
    • Engineers use a systematic approach, appropriate tools and techniques based on problem, constraints, resources
    • Applies computer technology to everyday processes

    Software Engineer vs Software Developer

    • Software Developer: Builds software across various computer types; primarily solitary; writes complete programs; uses ready-made tools; limited scale
    • Software Engineer: Applies software engineering principles for designing, developing, maintaining, and testing; team activity; works with hardware; creates development tools; larger scale problems

    Software Engineering vs. System Engineering & Computer Science

    • System Engineering: Concerned with all system aspects (hardware, software, human work, and procedures) needed to fulfill a mission. Software engineering is a part of this process, focusing on software development.
    • Computer Science: Focuses on theory and fundamentals (programming languages, graphics, AI, machine learning). Software engineering focuses on practical applications and delivering usable software, using the scientific foundation of computer science.

    Software Products

    • Software systems delivered to a customer with documentation for installation and use.
    • Generic Products: Stand-alone systems produced by a development organization and sold to any customer. Examples include databases, word processors, and project management tools.
    • Customized Products: Systems specially built for a particular customer. Examples include business process systems, university admissions systems, and control systems for devices.

    Difference between Generic and Customized Software

    • Functionality: Generic has broad functionality for multiple users; customized is tailored to a specific problem or entity
    • Specifications: Generic is internally developed; customized is negotiated between client and developer
    • Quality: Quality is a major criterion for customized software; generic quality isn't as critical a driver
    • Number of Users: Generic is many; custom may be limited to one entity
    • Marketing: Generic requires marketing efforts, customized needs a contract
    • Needs and Updates: Generic is defined by market, customized by client needs
    • Development Cost: Generic costs are usually lower; customized is variable

    Software Process

    • Sequence of activities for producing software
    • Different systems need different processes.
    • Four fundamental activities:
      • Specification
      • Development (Design, Implementation)
      • Validation
      • Evolution

    Software Process: Activities

    • Specification: Defines what the software should do and its constraints; where customers and engineers define requirements.
    • Development (Design, Implementation): Where the software is designed and programmed; producing the software.
    • Validation: Evaluates the software to confirm it meets the customer's requirements.
    • Evolution: Updates the software to meet changing demands.

    Key Challenges Facing Software Engineering

    • Coping with Increasing Diversity (heterogeneity) of software and hardware platforms.
    • Demands for Reduced Delivery Times (delivery).
    • Developing Trustworthy Software (trust).

    Software Costs

    • Roughly 60% development cost; 40% testing cost. Evolution often exceeds development in custom software
    • Costs vary depending on the system being developed and its requirements (performance, reliability).
    • Distribution of costs depends on the development model.
    • Software engineering emphasizes cost-effectiveness.

    Best Software Engineering Techniques and Methods

    • No single method/technique is necessarily better than another.
    • The most important factor is the type of application.

    Different Types of Application

    • 1. Stand-alone Applications: Operate independently on a local computer (e.g., office apps, photo editing).
    • 2. Embedded Control Systems: Control and manage hardware devices (e.g., car anti-lock brakes, microwave oven).
    • 3. Interactive Transaction-Based Applications: Enable real-time user interaction with a remote system (e.g., e-commerce, online banking).
    • 4. Batch Processing Systems: Process data in large batches rather than real time (e.g., periodic billing, payroll).
    • 5. Data Collection Systems: Gather data from multiple sources using sensors for further processing (e.g., agriculture, health monitoring)
    • 6. Entertainment Systems: Primarily for personal use and entertainment.
    • 7. Systems for Modeling and Simulation: Used to model physical processes.
    • 8. Systems of Systems: Composed of multiple other software systems.

    Software Engineering Fundamentals

    • Fundamental principles apply to all types of software, regardless of development techniques.
    • System development needs a managed, understood process (different for different types of software).
    • Dependability and performance are important.
    • Understanding and managing specifications and requirements are crucial.
    • Reuse software where appropriate.

    Software Engineering and the Web

    • Web is a platform for applications; organizations are moving to web-based systems.
    • Web services enable access to application functionality over the web.
    • Cloud computing provides computer services; users pay for usage, not outright purchase.

    Software Engineering Ethics

    • Professional and ethical responsibilities extend beyond technical skills.
    • Engineers must be honest and ethical to be respected professionals.
    • Key Ethical Concerns: Confidentiality, Competence(avoid misrepresenting skills; honesty is paramount), Intellectual Property Rights (respecting and protecting rights and IP), and Computer Misuse.

    Ethical Dilemmas

    • Situations arise when stakeholders have differing views and objectives. Issues include disagreements with management policies; development of unethical products; developing military weapons.

    Case Studies

    • Examples of software systems: personal insulin pump, mental health management system, wilderness weather station.

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    Related Documents

    Software Engineering Lecture 01 PDF

    Description

    Explore the fundamentals of Software Engineering in this course led by Dr. Fatma ElSayed. Cover key topics including software processes, requirements engineering, system design, and software testing strategies essential for professional software development.

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