Software Design Overview

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Questions and Answers

Match the software design activities with their descriptions:

Requirements Analysis = Understanding and documenting user requirements Architectural Design = Defining the overall structure and components of the system Detailed Design = Elaborating the user interface for usability and user experience Testing and Validation = Ensuring that the design meets functional and non-functional requirements

Match the modern software design practices with their focus areas:

Agile = Emphasizing iterative development DevOps = Continuous integration and delivery Design patterns = Applying reusable solutions to common design problems Domain-Driven Design (DDD) = Focusing on complex system designs based on domain logic

Match the components of the design overview with their focus:

User Interface Design = Designing the user interface for usability Database Design = Structuring data storage and retrieval mechanisms Component Design = Designing individual software components or modules Detailed Design = Focusing on the intricacies of user interaction

Match the software design eras with their descriptions:

<p>Early Days (1950s-1960s) = Focused on algorithms and hardware efficiency Structured Programming (1970s) = Promoted modular and hierarchical design Object-Oriented Design (1980s-1990s) = Emphasized modularity and encapsulation Service-Oriented Design (2000s-Present) = Built applications as loosely coupled services</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the design principles with their respective focus areas:

<p>Component-Based Design = Development based on reusable components Structured Programming = Improved code clarity and maintainability Service-Oriented Architecture = Interoperability of services Design Patterns = Standard solutions to common design problems</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the key individuals with their contributions to software design:

<p>Edsger Dijkstra = Promoted structured programming principles Alan Turing = Contributed to early computing theories Martin Fowler = Popularized microservices architecture Bjarne Stroustrup = Created C++ and supported OOD concepts</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the software design approaches with their eras:

<p>Component-Based Design = 1990s-2000s Object-Oriented Design = 1980s-1990s Structured Programming = 1970s Service-Oriented Design = 2000s-Present</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the concepts with their associated benefits:

<p>Modularity = Simplifies debugging and testing Encapsulation = Enhances data protection Reusability = Reduces development time Scalability = Increases system flexibility</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the historical movements with their main focus:

<p>Early Computing = Algorithms and hardware resource efficiency Structured Programming = Clear and maintainable code Object-Oriented Design = Modularity and reusability Service-Oriented Architecture = Loosely coupled services</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Agile Development

A method for software development that focuses on continuous improvement, adaptability, and collaboration. It emphasizes iterative development, frequent feedback, and working in short cycles.

Design Patterns

A set of pre-defined solutions to recurring design problems. They provide proven blueprints to solve common challenges in software development.

Domain-Driven Design (DDD)

A software design approach that focuses on aligning software design with the specific domain or business area it serves. It helps create software that is more understandable and adaptable.

Requirements Analysis

A systematic process of understanding and defining user needs and expectations. It involves gathering requirements, analyzing them, and documenting them for the development team.

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Architectural Design

The process of creating the underlying structure and components of a software system, including its key elements, relationships, and interactions. It defines the overall organization of the system.

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Software Design

The process of planning the structure, components, interfaces, and features of a software system. It's like designing a blueprint for the software.

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Structured Programming

A software design approach that focuses on breaking down a program into smaller, independent modules that work together. It promotes organization and maintainability.

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Object-Oriented Design (OOD)

A design approach that uses objects, defined by their properties (data) and functions (behavior), to build software. It promotes code reuse and modularity.

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Component-Based Design (CBD)

This approach involves building software from pre-built reusable components, focusing on assembling ready-made parts instead of creating everything from scratch.

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Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA)

An architectural approach where software is built as loosely coupled services that communicate with each other. It promotes scalability and flexibility.

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Microservices Architecture

A software design approach that focuses on developing applications as collections of small, independent services. This allows for scalability, flexibility, and easier deployment.

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Early Days of Software Design (1950s-1960s)

The period of time from the 1950s to the 1960s when software design focused on optimizing algorithms and using hardware resources efficiently.

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History of Software Design

The evolution of software design from the early days of algorithms to modern approaches like service-oriented and microservices architecture.

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Study Notes

Software Design

  • Software design is the process of defining the architecture, components, interfaces, and characteristics of a system or application.
  • It plays a crucial part in the software development lifecycle by translating requirements into a representation of the software's structure.

History of Software Design

Early Days (1950s-1960s)

  • Software design during this era focused on algorithms and efficient use of hardware resources.
  • Languages like Fortran and COBOL were influential in early design practices.

Structured Programming (1970s)

  • The 1970s saw a rise in structured programming.
  • It emphasized modular and hierarchical program design.
  • Prominent figures like Edsger Dijkstra promoted principles for clearer, maintainable code.

Object-Oriented Design (1980s-1990s)

  • Object-oriented design (OOD) gained prominence, highlighting modularity, encapsulation, and reusability.
  • Languages like Smalltalk, C++, and Java popularized OOD concepts.

Component-Based Design (1990s-2000s)

  • Component-based design (CBD) emerged, promoting software development through reusable software components.
  • Design patterns emerged as standard solutions to common design problems.

Service-Oriented Design (2000s-Present)

  • An approach using service-oriented architecture (SOA) and later microservices.
  • Architecture focused on building applications as loosely coupled services.
  • Emphasizes scalability, flexibility, and interoperability.
  • Software design continues evolving with agile and DevOps practices.
  • Practices that support iterative development, continuous integration, and continuous delivery are emphasized.
  • Design principles, such as Design Patterns, Domain-Driven Design (DDD), and design thinking, are critical to modern software design practices.

Overview of Software Design Process

  • Requirements Analysis: Understanding user requirements and documenting them.
  • Architectural Design: Establishing the overall structure and components of the system.
  • Detailed Design: Elaborating on the user interface for usability and user experience.
  • User Interface Design: Designing user interfaces for usability and user experience.
  • Database Design: Structuring data storage and retrieval mechanisms.
  • Component Design: Designing individual software components or modules
  • Design Patterns: Applying reusable solutions to common design issues.
  • Testing and Validation: Ensuring the design meets functional and non-functional requirements.

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