Software Design and Coding Overview

Study Notes

Engineering involves creating products through systematic scientific principles and methods.
Software engineering specifically pertains to the development of software products using these methods.

The result of software engineering consists of programs and integrated documentation.
User/customer satisfaction is defined by the software's functionality that enhances user experience.

Quality encompasses both functional aspects (accuracy of software) and non-functional attributes (robustness and reliability).
Maintainability ensures that software can be adapted to changing requirements post-delivery.

System Software: Provides a platform for other software (e.g., operating systems).
Application Software: Designed for specific tasks (e.g., payroll, online shopping).
Engineering/Scientific Software: Used for solving complex numerical problems (e.g., genetic analysis).
Embedded Software: Offers limited functionality in devices (e.g., washing machines).
AI Software: Exhibits human-like intelligence (e.g., robotics, gaming).
Legacy Software: Outdated and frequently modified software, often of low quality.
Web/Mobile Applications: Run on browsers or mobile devices (e.g., Candy Crush).
Real-world Software: Monitors and analyzes real-time events (e.g., weather forecasting).

Software engineering is organized in layers where each layer builds on the preceding one.
Involves a process, methods for management and development, and tools to facilitate software creation.

Quality: Ensures both functional and non-functional reliability.
Process: Establishes a framework for software delivery and project management.
Methods: Technical guidance for software construction (e.g., requirement analysis).
Tools: Offers automated support for processes and methods (e.g., CAD tools).

SDLC is a structured sequence of stages designed for efficient software product development.
Involves defined activities for each phase to ensure systematic progression.

Software Design: Converts requirements into logical and physical designs, utilizing user inputs.
Coding: Writing program code to develop error-free, executable programs.
Testing: Involves both initial and thorough testing at multiple levels to ensure reliability.
Integration: Ensures software works cohesively with libraries, databases, and other systems.
Implementation: Involves installing software on user machines and configuring as necessary.
Operation and Maintenance: Users may receive training, and ongoing software upkeep is essential to handle bugs and technology updates.
Disposition: Considers software performance over time, potentially leading to obsolescence or the need for updates.