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Questions and Answers
In a stretch technique, it is recommended to hold the stretch for 15-20 seconds.
In a stretch technique, it is recommended to hold the stretch for 15-20 seconds.
False
During cross friction massage, therapists should use flat hands to apply pressure.
During cross friction massage, therapists should use flat hands to apply pressure.
False
IASTM instruments can be made of metal, plastic, or ceramic.
IASTM instruments can be made of metal, plastic, or ceramic.
False
There is strong evidence supporting the claim that soft tissue mobilization techniques effectively break fascial restrictions and scar tissue.
There is strong evidence supporting the claim that soft tissue mobilization techniques effectively break fascial restrictions and scar tissue.
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Scooping and lifting are examples of techniques used in soft tissue mobilization.
Scooping and lifting are examples of techniques used in soft tissue mobilization.
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Soft tissue mobilization uses automated techniques directed at muscles.
Soft tissue mobilization uses automated techniques directed at muscles.
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High quality evidence supports that soft tissue mobilization leads to long lasting changes in tissue characteristics.
High quality evidence supports that soft tissue mobilization leads to long lasting changes in tissue characteristics.
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Muscle guarding is a contraindication for soft tissue mobilization.
Muscle guarding is a contraindication for soft tissue mobilization.
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Phlebitis is listed as a precaution for soft tissue mobilization.
Phlebitis is listed as a precaution for soft tissue mobilization.
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Altered skin sensation is considered a contraindication for soft tissue mobilization.
Altered skin sensation is considered a contraindication for soft tissue mobilization.
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Effleurage techniques involve deep pressure and kneading of the tissues.
Effleurage techniques involve deep pressure and kneading of the tissues.
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Petrissage is used to promote relaxation and warm up tissues before deeper techniques.
Petrissage is used to promote relaxation and warm up tissues before deeper techniques.
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During trigger point therapy, pressure is typically applied until the pain level reaches 8 or 9 out of 10.
During trigger point therapy, pressure is typically applied until the pain level reaches 8 or 9 out of 10.
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Study Notes
Soft Tissue Mobilization
- Soft tissue mobilization is a manual therapy focused on soft tissues.
- Objectives for this topic are to understand indications and contraindications, and how to perform common techniques.
Mechanisms, Indications, Contraindications
- Soft tissue mobilization can improve pain, range of motion, and function in the short term.
- There isn't strong evidence it has lasting effects on tissue characteristics; however, there are neurophysiological effects.
- This therapy involves communicating with the patient's nervous system.
- Indications include pain, muscle guarding/spasm, range of motion limitations, scar mobilization, fluid mobilization, and muscle stimulation.
- Contraindications include skin conditions (open wounds, rash), infection, fever, suspicion of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) or clotting disorders, phlebitis, active bruising, and congestive heart failure.
Precautions
- Precautions include altered skin sensation, immune system disorders, and areas around fractures or joint instability.
Soft Tissue Mobilization Techniques
- Techniques include effleurage, petrissage, trigger point therapy (also called trigger point "release"), pin and stretch, and cross-friction massage.
Effleurage
- Gentle, broad strokes are used to relax, circulate blood, and warm-up tissues.
Petrissage
- Deeper pressure, kneading, and slow, rhythmic movements decrease tension and spasms and modulate pain.
Trigger Point Therapy
- Also known as "trigger point release" or "trigger point release therapy"
- A trigger point is a hyperirritable spot in a taut band of skeletal muscle. Pain from a trigger point can refer to other locations.
- Palpating trigger points can have variable reliability and validity; tenderness and pain reproduction are more reliable markers.
- The process involves finding the painful band, applying a tolerable level of pressure (usually not over 5-6/10), maintaining pressure until discomfort eases (30-60 seconds), and increasing pressure to 5-6/10, then repeating 2-4 times
Pin and Stretch
- Apply pressure to a trigger point, simultaneously stretching the opposing muscle line of force.
- Hold the stretch for 5-10 seconds, relax for 2-5 seconds, and repeat 5-10 times.
Cross Friction Massage
- This technique is used on hypersensitive connective tissues.
- Stacked fingers are used apply force perpendicular to the tissue fiber orientation.
- The movement is like "strumming" back and forth.
Instrument Assisted Soft Tissue Mobilization (IASTM)
- Techniques include Graston®, ASTYM®, Gua Sha, or "scraping."
- Tools are made from various materials like metal, plastic, or stone.
- Instruments aim to directly stimulate fascia and fibroblasts.
- They increase vibratory perception.
- Changes in tissue texture are easier to distinguish.
Mechanisms (Instrument-Assisted Soft Tissue Mobilization)
- Claims about breaking fascial restrictions and scarring aren't widely supported by evidence.
- Some evidence suggests increased fibroblast activity.
- Claims are based on neurophysiological effects
Techniques (Instrument-Assisted Soft Tissue Mobilization)
- Techniques include brushing, sweeping, fanning, and strumming.
- These movements enhance the effects of soft tissue mobilization.
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Description
This quiz covers the fundamentals of soft tissue mobilization, including its mechanisms, indications, contraindications, and commonly used techniques. Understand how this manual therapy can improve pain and function while being aware of necessary precautions. Assess your knowledge on effective soft tissue therapy practices.
