Podcast
Questions and Answers
What type of sociological theory is Structural Functionalism?
What type of sociological theory is Structural Functionalism?
- Interactionist theory
- Conflict theory
- Critical theory
- General sociological theory (correct)
According to Conflict Theory, what is the primary function of institutions in society?
According to Conflict Theory, what is the primary function of institutions in society?
- To provide a platform for individualism and hedonism
- To promote social stability and order
- To work in the interest of those with power to the detriment of those without (correct)
- To foster collectivist goals
What is the primary focus of Symbolic Interactionism?
What is the primary focus of Symbolic Interactionism?
- Socialization and ideology generation (correct)
- Big picture issues
- Macro-level inequality
- Structural issues
According to Marx and Engels, what is the primary function of the nuclear family in capitalist society?
According to Marx and Engels, what is the primary function of the nuclear family in capitalist society?
What is an example of a 'dis-function' in Structural Functionalism?
What is an example of a 'dis-function' in Structural Functionalism?
What is the role of markets in Structural Functionalism?
What is the role of markets in Structural Functionalism?
What is the primary criticism of institutions in Conflict Theory?
What is the primary criticism of institutions in Conflict Theory?
What is the role of the family in capitalist society, according to Marx and Engels?
What is the role of the family in capitalist society, according to Marx and Engels?
What is the main theme of John Lennon's song 'Working Class Hero'?
What is the main theme of John Lennon's song 'Working Class Hero'?
According to Symbolic Interactionism, what is the source of the meanings people attach to things?
According to Symbolic Interactionism, what is the source of the meanings people attach to things?
What is the focus of research in Symbolic Interactionism?
What is the focus of research in Symbolic Interactionism?
What is the analogy used by Erving Goffman to describe human social behavior?
What is the analogy used by Erving Goffman to describe human social behavior?
What is the implication of Symbolic Interactionism regarding social roles and institutions?
What is the implication of Symbolic Interactionism regarding social roles and institutions?
What is the tone of John Lennon's song 'Working Class Hero'?
What is the tone of John Lennon's song 'Working Class Hero'?
What is the main idea conveyed by the song 'Working Class Hero'?
What is the main idea conveyed by the song 'Working Class Hero'?
What is the underlying theoretical perspective of the song 'Working Class Hero'?
What is the underlying theoretical perspective of the song 'Working Class Hero'?
According to Positivism, what is the nature of the physical and social worlds?
According to Positivism, what is the nature of the physical and social worlds?
What is the main idea of Social Constructivism?
What is the main idea of Social Constructivism?
What is the role of humans in Positivism?
What is the role of humans in Positivism?
What is the implication of Social Constructivism on scientific discovery?
What is the implication of Social Constructivism on scientific discovery?
What is the relationship between language and culture in Social Constructivism?
What is the relationship between language and culture in Social Constructivism?
What is the view of reality in Social Constructivism?
What is the view of reality in Social Constructivism?
What is the focus of study in Social Constructivism?
What is the focus of study in Social Constructivism?
What is the relationship between ontology and epistemology?
What is the relationship between ontology and epistemology?
Which researcher's study focused on the Protestant Work Ethic in 1904?
Which researcher's study focused on the Protestant Work Ethic in 1904?
What is the primary goal of historical-comparative research methods?
What is the primary goal of historical-comparative research methods?
Which of the following best describes Marx's perspective on the relationship between material realities and culture?
Which of the following best describes Marx's perspective on the relationship between material realities and culture?
Which research technique involves analyzing existing data, such as documents and historical records?
Which research technique involves analyzing existing data, such as documents and historical records?
What is the primary focus of ontology in research?
What is the primary focus of ontology in research?
Which researcher's perspective is often associated with the idea that 'contradictions' within an economic system will eventually lead to its downfall?
Which researcher's perspective is often associated with the idea that 'contradictions' within an economic system will eventually lead to its downfall?
What is the primary focus of epistemology in research?
What is the primary focus of epistemology in research?
Which of the following research techniques involves engaging with participants in a research setting?
Which of the following research techniques involves engaging with participants in a research setting?
What is a key concept in symbolic interactionism?
What is a key concept in symbolic interactionism?
What is a potential consequence of socially constructed ideas, according to symbolic interactionism?
What is a potential consequence of socially constructed ideas, according to symbolic interactionism?
What is the primary focus of multivariate research methods?
What is the primary focus of multivariate research methods?
What is an example of a research study that used multivariate research methods?
What is an example of a research study that used multivariate research methods?
What is the primary assumption of interpretive research methods?
What is the primary assumption of interpretive research methods?
What is a key aspect of the research process in sociology?
What is a key aspect of the research process in sociology?
Study Notes
Sociological Theories
- Structural Functionalism: a general sociological theory that views society as an organism with interdependent parts that work together to maintain stability and order.
- Focuses on the positive aspects of society and how different parts contribute to its functioning.
- Assumes that social institutions, such as the family and market, perform roles that maintain social order.
- Criticized for being overly descriptive and neglecting conflicts and inequalities.
Conflict Theory
- Conflict Theory: a general sociological theory that emphasizes the role of conflict and power in shaping society.
- Suggests that social institutions, such as the family and market, serve the interests of those with power and wealth at the expense of those without.
- Highlights the role of inequality, particularly in terms of class, gender, and race, in shaping social relationships.
Symbolic Interactionism
- Symbolic Interactionism: a micro-level theory that focuses on how individuals create meaning through social interaction.
- Suggests that people act towards things based on the meaning those things have for them, and that these meanings are derived from social interaction.
- Views human behavior as more or less scripted, with individuals taking on roles and acting out scripts.
Positivism and Social Constructivism
- Positivism: an ontology that views the world as an objective, existing independently of human existence, governed by physical laws.
- Epistemology: humans can use their rational minds to discover and describe the true nature of the physical and social worlds.
- Social Constructivism: an ontology that views our perception of the world as socially constructed, with individuals and collectives creating meaning from their experiences.
- Epistemology: all we can study is the world of signs, symbols, language, and culture, and our guesses at what others may be experiencing.
Research Methods
- Multivariate research methods: truth exists, mostly deductive, often related to structural functionalism.
- Interpretive research methods: truth is subjective, mostly descriptive, inductive, often related to symbolic interactionism.
- Historical-Comparative research methods: using texts, documents, oral histories, and comparing these across history to form theories, then test them, then reform theories.
Big Ideas
- Durkheim: human action has social causes, structures and institutions help society function.
- Marx: the material, economic system drives history and creates culture, each economic system has contradictions that eventually kill it.
- Weber: inequality, ideas drive history, structures and institutions help society function.
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Description
This quiz covers two key sociological theories: Structural Functionalism, a general theory that views society as an organism, and Symbolic Interactionism, which focuses on socialization and ideology generation.
