Sociology - Social Exclusion Flashcards

Questions and Answers

What is globalisation?

The growing interconnectedness of societies across the world, with the spread of the same culture, consumer goods, and economic interests across the globe.

What is social exclusion?

Being left out of society in important things.

What is social inclusion?

Being included in society.

What is the poorest group in society called?

The underclass. Signup and view all the answers

What is the New Right?

Conservative political movement. Signup and view all the answers

What did Charles Murray say?

That government benefits have created a culture of dependency, making the underclass less likely to improve their lives and find paid work. Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the main reasons it can be argued we do not live in a classless society?

Inequality exists within society in relation to poverty and wealth. Signup and view all the answers

What did John Major believe?

We lived in a classless society and that the old British class system did not matter anymore. Signup and view all the answers

What did Goldthorpe and Lockwood find?

That the working class had actually become the middle class, indicating a change rather than disappearance. Signup and view all the answers

What did Fiona Devine do?

She repeated what Goldthorpe and Lockwood did in 1980, finding many traditional values still held by the working class. Signup and view all the answers

What does Devine argue?

Found a sense of working-class identity. Signup and view all the answers

What is social mobility?

Movement of people up and down the social class system. Signup and view all the answers

What is wealth?

How much money a person has, which can be in the bank or stored in assets like property and savings. Signup and view all the answers

What is an asset?

Something you own which has value, such as a car or house. Signup and view all the answers

What is income?

Money that is received weekly or monthly as wages, benefits, or pension. Signup and view all the answers

What is a stereotype?

A fixed, exaggerated idea about a group of people. Signup and view all the answers

What is prejudice?

An idea about what someone is like based on a prejudgment about them. Signup and view all the answers

What is discrimination?

An action against someone often because of prejudice. Signup and view all the answers

What is the glass ceiling?

An invisible barrier caused by sexism that prevents women from reaching top jobs. Signup and view all the answers

What factors can affect life chances?

Gender, ethnicity, disability, sexuality. Signup and view all the answers

What is disability?

When a person is unable to do everyday tasks due to physical or mental impairment. Signup and view all the answers

What is sexuality?

Refers to if a person is homosexual, heterosexual, or bisexual. Signup and view all the answers

What is the medical model of disability?

Views disability as an issue that the disabled person has to cope with; it should be 'fixed' through things like wheelchairs, medication, etc. Signup and view all the answers

What does Mike Oliver state?

Disability is not an issue; it is the barriers that disabled people face that are the problem. Signup and view all the answers

What are evidence for prejudice and discrimination against disability?

Limited access to amenities, employment, education. Signup and view all the answers

What are evidence against prejudice and discrimination against disability?

Braille, ramps, lifts, access to amenities, sports day, charities, artificial limbs. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Globalisation

Refers to the growing interconnectedness of societies worldwide, influenced by shared culture, consumer goods, and economic interests.

Defined as being left out from important societal aspects, contributing to marginalization.

The concept of being actively included in societal processes and interactions.

Underclass

Identifies the poorest segment of society, often facing severe economic disadvantages.

New Right

A conservative political movement advocating for traditional values and minimal government intervention.

Charles Murray's View

Critiques government benefits for fostering dependency among the underclass, discouraging efforts to pursue employment.

Classless Society Debate

Inequality in poverty and wealth indicates that a truly classless society does not exist.

John Major's Perspective

Suggested that the British class system has lost relevance, claiming a classless society where upper and middle classes no longer exist.

Goldthorpe and Lockwood's Findings

Their research indicated that the working class is evolving rather than disappearing, suggesting high-paid manual workers belong to a changing class structure.

Fiona Devine's Study

Reaffirmed Goldthorpe and Lockwood's findings in 1980, highlighting enduring traditional values among the working class.

Working Class Identity

Devine argues that a distinct sense of identity persists within the working class.

Describes the movement of individuals within the social class hierarchy, reflecting changes in socioeconomic status.

Wealth Definition

Encompasses all monetary resources a person possesses, including savings and assets.

Asset Explanation

Includes items of value owned by a person, such as cars and houses.

Income Definition

Refers to the money received regularly from various sources, including wages, benefits, or pensions.

Stereotypes

Fixed and exaggerated beliefs about a group, such as gender-based assumptions.

Prejudice

Forming an opinion about someone based on preconceived notions or biases.

Discrimination

Involves actions taken against individuals often stemming from prejudice.

Glass Ceiling

An invisible barrier that hinders women from attaining top-level positions, perpetuated by sexism.

Factors Influencing Life Chances

Key factors include gender, ethnicity, disability, and sexuality, impacting individuals' opportunities.

Disability Definition

Refers to a condition that impairs a person's ability to perform everyday tasks, whether through physical or mental limitations.

Sexuality Definition

Covers an individual's sexual orientation, such as homosexuality, heterosexuality, or bisexuality.

Medical Model of Disability

Views disability as an individual issue requiring solutions like medical interventions, focusing on 'fixing' the person rather than societal changes.

Mike Oliver's Perspective

Argues that disability is not the core issue; rather, societal barriers create challenges for disabled individuals, emphasizing the need for systemic change.

Evidence of Prejudice and Discrimination

Examples include limited access to basic amenities, challenges in employment, and barriers to education for disabled individuals.

Evidence Against Prejudice and Discrimination

Includes advancements like Braille, ramps, lifts, accessible amenities, charity support, and artificial limbs, demonstrating society's efforts to improve inclusivity.

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Description

This quiz provides key terms and definitions related to social exclusion and inclusion, as well as globalization. Perfect for students studying sociology, these flashcards will help reinforce your understanding of important concepts in social dynamics. Test your knowledge and prepare for deeper discussions on these critical topics.