Sociology: Race, Ethnicity, and Prejudice
34 Questions
0 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What type of colonialism involves reorganizing existing cultures to impose new inequalities for exploitation?

  • Colonies of Settlement
  • Direct Colonialism
  • Colonies of Rule (correct)
  • Cultural Imperialism

    • Which of the following is NOT listed as an adverse impact of colonialism?

  • Introduction of advanced technologies (correct)
  • Ideologies justifying colonial rule
  • Physical and cultural genocide of indigenous cultures
  • Extraction of labor and resources

    • Which major event in decolonization occurred in 1947?

  • The Fall of the Apartheid
  • The Battle of Adwa
  • Independence of India (correct)
  • Liberation of Ghana

    • The Credentailzed Society refers to universities and colleges acting as what?

    <p>Gate keepers for opportunity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What significant change occurred in the United Nations membership from 1948 to 1981?

    <p>Membership increased from 51 to 157 states</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is considered a key tenet of development in postcolonial nations?

    <p>Economic sovereignty after gaining independence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which development strategy is prioritized for achieving economic growth?

    <p>National planning and import substitution industrialization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes the economies of many Third World nations postcolonialism?

    <p>Dependence on a few key export commodities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant social issue faced by postcolonial societies?

    <p>Persistent inequality in wealth and resources</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following challenges is noted as affecting Third World countries 50 years after decolonization?

    <p>High levels of income inequality and civil unrest</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the natural factors contributing to population growth?

    <p>Lower mortality rates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term describes the upper-size limit imposed on a population by its environmental resources?

    <p>Carrying capacity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a consequence of suburbanization?

    <p>Increased racial diversity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does technology play in environmental impact?

    <p>It can both increase consumption and reduce pollution.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor is primarily associated with urbanization?

    <p>Shift from agriculture to manufacturing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the causes of hyper-segregation?

    <p>Political unrest of the 1960s</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What defines the concept of an ecosystem?

    <p>An interrelated network of life and nonlife forms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a factor that can lead to excessive resource consumption?

    <p>Technological advancements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the primary functions of religion as outlined in the content?

    <p>To help explain life and offer social control</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is the concept of 'religion alienates' interpreted in conflict theory?

    <p>It argues that people lose control over social institutions they created</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a dysfunction of religion mentioned in the content?

    <p>Justification for persecution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best defines the term 'hidden curriculum' in the context of conflict theory?

    <p>The informal teachings of values and social attitudes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following elements is NOT listed as a characteristic of religion?

    <p>Political affiliations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of the content, what does the term 'social control' in religion refer to?

    <p>The enforcement of moral codes within society</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the conflict theorist mean by 'religion as the opium of the people'?

    <p>Religion provides comfort and a means of escape</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following does NOT represent a historical example of religious dysfunction mentioned?

    <p>Promoting educational reform</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a defining characteristic of a minority group?

    <p>Physical or cultural characteristics that differentiate them from the majority</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which mode of relations focuses on the complete integration of different cultural groups?

    <p>Assimilation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of prejudice includes those who remain silent in the face of discrimination?

    <p>Unprejudice non-discriminators</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of subjugation?

    <p>One group forcibly taking resources from another</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of prejudice, what defines a 'prejudice discriminator'?

    <p>A person who actively preaches intolerance and exclusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can sexism be described within societal roles?

    <p>A cultural construct that enforces specific behaviors based on gender</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term describes the systematic dominance of men over women in various institutions?

    <p>Patriarchy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes 'an annihilation' mode of relations?

    <p>The systematic extermination of a racial or ethnic group</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Race

    • Refers to blood/kinship/family ties, tribal or ethnic connections (biological matters)
    • Also refers to power, authority, politics, and government (law and politics)
    • Includes social aspects (self and others)
    • Sometimes defined legally (e.g., 1/8th black)

    Ethnicity

    • Language: Race groups often don't share a common language
    • Includes land, religion, customs/traditions
    • Encompasses intersectionality

    Prejudice

    • Four types of people regarding prejudice:
      • Unprejudiced non-discriminators
      • Prejudiced discriminators (active bigots) - who preach intolerance and practice exclusion.
      • Unprejudiced discriminators (bystanders) - free from prejudice but will not speak up against it openly.
      • Prejudiced non-discriminators (timid bigots) - believe in prejudice but will not openly advocate for it.
    • Prejudice is an irrational negative attitude towards certain groups and their members

    Discrimination

    • Discrimination is differential treatment that is often unequal and harmful towards people from a particular group.
    • Minority groups are singled out due to physical or cultural characteristics and face unequal treatment and less access to power and resources.

    Modes of Relations

    • Assimilation - individuals try to force their beliefs/culture on others, making themselves feel like they are insiders.
    • Segregation - makes individuals feel like outsiders.
    • Expulsion - forcing a group to leave their territory.
    • Subjugation - subordinating a group through economic and political dominance.
    • Annihilation (genocide) - deliberate extermination of a racial or ethnic group.

    Sex and Gender Roles

    • Biological reproductive roles
    • Social constructions of gender roles (e.g., Aristotle, Confucius and examples from their works)
    • Judeo-Christian patriarchy - pervasive domination of women in various multi-cultural settings (family, religion, politics, economy, academia)

    Population Growth

    • Current global population: 8.2 billion
    • Factors behind population growth:
      • Lower mortality rates
      • Higher fertility rates
      • Increased life expectancy (due to nutrition and medicine).
    • Impact of population growth: Resource scarcity and the need to maintain ecosystems
    • Urbanization -shift from agriculture to manufacturing, increasing the number of people living in urban areas. This shift also correlates to the rise of cosmopolitanism in the world.

    Suburbanization

    • Causes: mass production of cars, development of interstate highways, mortgages, political unrest, and migration away from the city centers, mainly by upper and middle class.
    • Consequences: poverty, unemployment, crime, collapse of school systems. Hyper-segregation by socioeconomic class and race

    Ecosystem

    • A complex, interconnected network of living and non-living things, and its functions include maintaining the living things and the exchange between living and nonliving things.
    • The environment surrounds and affects living creatures.
    • Sustainablility, health, and access to resources.
    • Carrying capacity refers to the upper limit on population growth due to environmental resource constraints. Exceeding capacity leads to resource depletion.

    Affluence

    • High levels of wealth and comfort put a strain on resources, and people consume the Earth's resources and pollute the environment.

    Technology

    • Technological developments can improve and make processes more efficient, such as increasing the consumptive use of resources like energy. However, they can also contribute to environmental problems, like pollution. New products may bring increased consumption of resources like energy.

    Population and Environmentalism

    • Theories on environmentalism based on the relation between population and other issues such as religion, and culture

    Theories on Religion

    • Religion is a system of beliefs, practices, and values that people share.
      • Sacred aspects (e.g. places, symbols, objects)
      • Functions of religion: defining the sacred, explaining life, offering salvation, providing guidelines for everyday life, social control, and adaptation to different cultures.
      • Dysfunctions of religion: Justification for persecution (e.g., the Inquisition, witch hunts and war/terrorism)

    Elements of Religion

    • Ritual and prayers (ceremonies or processions)
    • Emotion (meditation, worship, consciousness)
    • Beliefs (about the divine and/or mediums of communication) and organization
    • The sacred versus the profane

    Conflict Theories on Religion

    • Man creates religion, not the other way around
    • Religion can be the result of oppression and alienation.
    • Religion often legitimizes social inequalities (e.g. slavery, discrimination against women).

    Education Functions

    • Cultural transmission of societal knowledge to future generations
    • Development of academic and vocational skills
    • Research and innovation
    • Child care and other social services

    Hidden Curriculum

    • Social attitudes and values taught in schools that prepare students to fit in society.
    • The formal and informal content of a school's curriculum.

    Global Inequality and Colonialism

    • Colonialism:
      • Colonies of settlement (eliminating indigenous people)
      • Colonies for rule (imposing inequalities to facilitate exploitation)
    • Adverse impacts of colonialism: cultural and physical genocide, introduction of tensions, extracting resources/labor.
    • Policy issues: access, budgeting, school violence and segregation.

    Decolonization

    • Colonial division of labor and social organization of labor
    • Decolonization examples: Haitian Revolution, African Independence movements
    • The three world system (first, second, third worlds)
    • Decolonization and rethinking economic sovereignty:
      • Development of economic independence
    • Strategies and emphasis on economic growth, industrialization, and import substitution.

    Inequality in Postcolonial Societies

    • Stubborn dependence on limited commodities
    • Global market pressures (vulnerability to market shocks)
    • Conflicts, poverty, and inequality
    • Massive outmigration of skilled and unskilled labor
    • Persistent inequalities in wealth, resources, and social power in former colonies resulting from the socio-economic structures developed during colonial rule.

    Studying That Suits You

    Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

    Quiz Team

    Related Documents

    Study Guide FINAL PDF

    Description

    Explore the complex concepts surrounding race, ethnicity, and prejudice in this insightful quiz. Learn about the distinctions between these terms, the various types of prejudiced individuals, and the implications of discrimination. Perfect for anyone looking to deepen their understanding of social dynamics and inequality.

    More Like This

    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Open
    Browser
    Browser