Sociology on Social Change and Innovation

A process that alters social organizations, including its structure and functions.

The act of creating something completely new, like a technology.

The process of improving or enhancing an existing product, process, or service.

The spread of an idea or innovation through a social system.

The benefits of innovation include boosting creativity, increasing productivity, and driving new opportunities.

A social change process where new ideas are combined from existing elements.

Social change is a continuous process, not abrupt.

Every moment in society is unique and offers new perspectives for sociologists.

The process by which an individual learns about a new idea, becomes interested, evaluates it, tries it out, and finally adopts it for continuous use.

The spread of a new idea from its source to its ultimate users, involving communication and interaction among individuals in a social system.

The stage where an individual is aware of the new idea but lacks detailed information about it.

The stage where an individual develops interest in the innovation and seeks more information about it.

The stage where an individual assesses the value of the innovation and decides whether to try it out.

The stage where an individual applies the new idea on a small scale to test its utility in their own situation.

The stage where an individual uses the new idea continuously on a full scale after being satisfied with its trial.

The process of finding something that already exists, often accidentally.

A theory of social change that posits societies gradually evolve from simple to complex forms, often seen as progress.

The idea that societies evolve in a single line of development, with change viewed as positive and beneficial.

The idea that societies evolve through three stages: savagery, barbarism, and civilization.

The idea that societies evolve through three stages: theological, metaphysical, and positive.

The application of Darwin's theory of natural selection to human societies, arguing that the fittest survive and evolve.

The idea that societal evolution is driven by increasing moral density, leading to greater differentiation, interdependence, and formal control.

A type of solidarity based on shared values, beliefs, and experiences, common in simpler societies with less division of labor.

A type of solidarity based on interdependence and specialized roles, characteristic of complex societies with more division of labor.

A theory of social change that views civilizations as going through a cycle of growth, maturity, decline, and death, similar to the life cycle of a biological organism.

A prominent figure in cyclical theory, known for his book "A Study of History." He argued that civilizations face challenges and their responses to these challenges determine their fate.

A Russian sociologist who argued that cultures fluctuate between two poles: sensate and ideational. He believed that societies contain both impulses and that tension between them creates change.

A culture that emphasizes the material world, sensual pleasures, and practical needs.

A culture that emphasizes the spiritual world, abstract ideas, and faith.

A theory of social change that emphasizes the importance of cultural patterns in maintaining stability. Change is seen as adaptations to maintain a new equilibrium.

A prominent figure in functionalism, known for his emphasis on the role of cultural patterns and institutions in maintaining social stability.

A theory of social change that emphasizes the role of conflict in driving social change. Conflict is seen as an inherent and necessary force for progress.

A prominent figure in conflict theory, who argued that history is a struggle between the bourgeoisie (capitalists) and the proletariat (workers).

A German sociologist who emphasized the importance of conflict in social change, believing it was a permanent feature of society.

The process of creating new institutions to take over some of the functions of existing institutions, often as a result of increasing complexity in society.

The process of integrating new institutions and norms into a social system, often as a result of differentiation.

The process through which media influences individual behavior, values, and beliefs.

The way media portrays different cultural groups, highlighting their strengths, weaknesses, and stereotypes.

The influence of media on its audience, encompassing its effects on behavior, attitudes, and perceptions.

The dissemination of information to a large, diverse, and often unknown audience.

The process by which individuals learn and internalize the norms, values, and beliefs of their society through media.

The ability of mass media to promote globalization by spreading cultural trends, ideas, and products worldwide.

The role of media in facilitating communication across cultures and borders.

The ability of media to provide knowledge and information about current events and a wide range of topics.

The potential for media to present biased or false information, which can impact public perception and understanding.

The role of media in providing a platform for public participation and advocacy on social issues.

The ability of media to promote entertainment through movies, music, television, and other forms of media.

The impact of economic factors on social change, including shifts in economic systems and inequalities.

The role of technology in driving social change, including new inventions, innovations, and communication tools.

The process of adapting to changes in the environment, often leading to shifts in social norms and institutions.

The influence of media on the construction of beauty standards and representations of gender roles and identities.

The practice of choosing a spouse based on love and compatibility, often involving personal relationships and dating.

A marriage arranged by families or elders, usually based on factors like family background and social status.

The spread of ideas, customs, and technologies from one culture to another, often facilitated by improved communication and transportation.

The systematic application of scientific knowledge to solve problems and create new technologies.

The process of replacing human labor with machines in production, leading to increased efficiency and changes in social structures.

A major shift in society brought about by the widespread use of machines, resulting in changes in production, social organization, and living standards.

The transformation of society due to changes in people's thoughts, ideas, and beliefs.

Idealistic concepts like freedom, equality, and democracy that inspire social movements and revolutions.

The characteristics of a population, such as size, age distribution, and density.

The impact of population growth on society, including both positive and negative effects.

Planned, large-scale efforts by governments or organizations to bring about social change through policies and programs.

Collective actions by groups of people aiming to change existing social systems or create a new order.

Major, transformative events involving widespread social upheaval and restructuring of power, often marked by violence and conflict.

The process by which physical environmental changes, like natural disasters, affect society and force people to adapt.

The interconnectedness of social and cultural change, indicating that changes in one aspect often lead to changes in the other.

The concept that changes in culture inevitably lead to corresponding changes in society's overall structure.

The observation that the most powerful organization within a society, the state, has significant influence over social change.

The concept that changes in legal frameworks and interpretations lead to new social norms and values within a society.

The idea that human nature's innate desire for change drives social transformation.

The resistance or opposition to societal change by individuals or groups who are adversely affected.

The tendency for non-material cultural values to lag behind technological advancements in material culture.

The historical shift towards machine-based production, driven by technological advances.

The phenomenon of increasing urban populations and the growth of cities, often linked to technological advancements.

The observation that technological advancements can lead to both economic benefits and social challenges, like unemployment and poverty.

Technology, especially modern technology, is the basis of modernization. It leads to new ideas, innovation, and transforms societies.

Technology has created fast and accessible transportation and communication systems. This makes the world smaller, but it also creates problems like cybercrime.

Technology drives social changes, creating new opportunities and inequalities, leading to the emergence of different social classes with varying lifestyles and income levels.

Technology influences the structure and function of social institutions such as family, marriage, religion, education, and the economy.

Technology leads to job displacement as machines can replace human workers, making mass production faster and more efficient. This can lead to unemployment issues.

The misuse of digital technology, including spreading pornography, engaging in extramarital affairs, and other harmful activities, is classified as cybercrime. It can disrupt families and individuals.

Technology can be used for criminal activities, making it easier to commit crimes, use weapons, and spread violence.

Technology can contribute to international conflict and war by fueling unhealthy competition, ego, and technological supremacy.