Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the primary basis for grouping people into races in the biological construct?
What is the primary basis for grouping people into races in the biological construct?
- Sociocultural heritage and religion
- Skin pigmentation and morphology (correct)
- Collective history and nationality
- Language and regional origin
What is the term that refers to one's sociocultural heritage based on collective history, religion, and other factors?
What is the term that refers to one's sociocultural heritage based on collective history, religion, and other factors?
- Nationality
- Ethnicity (correct)
- Race
- Identity
What does the concept of identity refer to in the context of social constructs?
What does the concept of identity refer to in the context of social constructs?
- The biological characteristics of an individual
- The cultural heritage of an individual's ancestors
- The extent to which an individual identifies with a particular group (correct)
- The nationality of an individual's parents
What is the primary distinction between race and ethnicity?
What is the primary distinction between race and ethnicity?
What is the primary purpose of categorizing people into races in the biological construct?
What is the primary purpose of categorizing people into races in the biological construct?
What is the key characteristic of ethnicity as a social construct?
What is the key characteristic of ethnicity as a social construct?
What is a stereotype?
What is a stereotype?
What is the result of combining stereotyping, prejudice, and discrimination?
What is the result of combining stereotyping, prejudice, and discrimination?
What is a component of ethnic identity?
What is a component of ethnic identity?
What is the term for the belief that one ethnic group is superior to others?
What is the term for the belief that one ethnic group is superior to others?
Who is often the target of sexism?
Who is often the target of sexism?
According to Phinney's Ethnic Identity Development Model, what is the stage where individuals search for their ethnic identity?
According to Phinney's Ethnic Identity Development Model, what is the stage where individuals search for their ethnic identity?
What is the term for the belief that white skin is normative and better?
What is the term for the belief that white skin is normative and better?
What is involved in the process of ethnic identity development?
What is involved in the process of ethnic identity development?
What is the result of prejudice and discrimination based on socioeconomic levels?
What is the result of prejudice and discrimination based on socioeconomic levels?
What is the definition of oppression?
What is the definition of oppression?
What is the term for a negative judgment about the characteristics and capabilities of an individual with a disability?
What is the term for a negative judgment about the characteristics and capabilities of an individual with a disability?
What is the result of being oppressed?
What is the result of being oppressed?
What is the relationship between stereotyping and harm?
What is the relationship between stereotyping and harm?
What is a characteristic of asymmetric power relationships?
What is a characteristic of asymmetric power relationships?
What is the outcome of ethnic identity development?
What is the outcome of ethnic identity development?
What is the ultimate goal of recognizing and addressing privilege?
What is the ultimate goal of recognizing and addressing privilege?
What is the underlying belief that contributes to the subordination of women?
What is the underlying belief that contributes to the subordination of women?
What is privilege, according to the definition?
What is privilege, according to the definition?
How should privilege be viewed, according to the text?
How should privilege be viewed, according to the text?
What is the result of some groups being systematically advantaged and others being disadvantaged?
What is the result of some groups being systematically advantaged and others being disadvantaged?
What is involved in ethnic behaviors?
What is involved in ethnic behaviors?
What is the relationship between privilege and certain social groups?
What is the relationship between privilege and certain social groups?
What is the basis of privilege in the context of social constructs?
What is the basis of privilege in the context of social constructs?
What is the term for unearned access to power and resources based on membership in a dominant social group?
What is the term for unearned access to power and resources based on membership in a dominant social group?
What is the purpose of acknowledging and addressing privilege?
What is the purpose of acknowledging and addressing privilege?
What is the relationship between privilege and power?
What is the relationship between privilege and power?
What is the concept of privilege often used to highlight?
What is the concept of privilege often used to highlight?
What is an example of a social construct that can influence privilege?
What is an example of a social construct that can influence privilege?
What is an example of a dominant social group?
What is an example of a dominant social group?
What is the result of unchecked privilege?
What is the result of unchecked privilege?
Study Notes
Race as a Biological Construct
- The term "race" originated from grouping populations by their differences in biological measures, such as skin pigmentation and morphology.
- Diverse categories of people were classified into races based on these physical characteristics.
Race as a Social Construct
- Ethnicity refers to one's sociocultural heritage, based on commonalities such as collective history, religion, nationality, regional origin, language, and others.
Ethnic Identity
- Ethnic identity is the extent to which one identifies with a particular ethnic group.
- Components of ethnic identity include:
- Ethnic awareness: understanding of one's own and other groups.
- Ethnic self-identification: label used for one's own group.
- Ethnic attitudes: feelings about one's own and other groups.
- Ethnic behaviors: patterns specific to an ethnic group.
Phinney's Ethnic Identity Development Model
- The model consists of five stages:
- Diffusion: lacking a clear sense of ethnic identity.
- Foreclosure: adopting a ready-made identity without exploration.
- Moratorium: actively searching for an identity.
- Achievement: achieving a clear sense of ethnic identity.
- Search: questioning and exploring one's identity.
Oppression
- Oppression is the unjust or cruel exercise of authority or power, involving asymmetric power relationships between individuals, groups, communities, and societies.
- To be oppressed is to be unjustly denied the opportunity of resilient autonomy or self-determination.
Stereotypes
- A stereotype is a broad, often oversimplified assumption made about all members of a particular group.
- Even seemingly positive stereotypes can be harmful.
Prejudice and Discrimination
- Prejudice: an unjustified attitude towards a group or individual.
- Discrimination: behavior that treats individuals unfairly based on their group membership.
- Oppression = Stereotyping + Prejudice + Discrimination.
Types of Oppression
- Racism: the belief that one race is superior to others.
- Ethnocentrism: the belief that one ethnic group is superior to others.
- Classism: prejudice and discrimination based on socioeconomic levels or social class.
- Sexism: prejudice and discrimination based on gender.
- Ableism: negative judgment about the characteristics and capabilities of an individual with a disability.
Privilege
- Privilege: a special right, advantage, or immunity granted or available only to a particular person or group of people.
- Privilege is an unearned access to power and resources based on membership in a dominant social group.
Check Your Privilege
- Privilege is not a burden, but an opportunity to learn and be responsible for working towards a more just and inclusive world.
- Groups that are systematically advantaged and others that are disadvantaged because of their memberships in certain groups.
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Description
Explore how race and ethnicity are perceived and classified, from biological to social constructs.
