Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is one way in which racism can promote social stability?
What is one way in which racism can promote social stability?
- By diminishing the need for group cohesion
- By uniting diverse groups to create harmony
- By fostering emotional and social support within communities (correct)
- By ensuring equality among all citizens
Which theory suggests that modern societies have both a primary and a secondary labor market?
Which theory suggests that modern societies have both a primary and a secondary labor market?
- Functionalist theory
- Dual Labour Market Theory (correct)
- Marxist exploitation theory
- Critical Race Theory
How does Marxist exploitation theory view the role of the ruling class in relation to prejudice and discrimination?
How does Marxist exploitation theory view the role of the ruling class in relation to prejudice and discrimination?
- The ruling class promotes it to prevent worker unity (correct)
- The ruling class ignores prejudice to maintain power
- The ruling class benefits from eradicating discrimination
- The ruling class uses it to unite workers against common enemies
What does Critical Race Theory aim to address?
What does Critical Race Theory aim to address?
In what way does racism function as a social construct?
In what way does racism function as a social construct?
What is one impact of post-colonialism on modern societies?
What is one impact of post-colonialism on modern societies?
Which of the following is a characteristic of jobs in the secondary labor market?
Which of the following is a characteristic of jobs in the secondary labor market?
What is a potential psychological benefit of racism to working-class white people?
What is a potential psychological benefit of racism to working-class white people?
Which argument does Critical Race Theory make about the experiences of racialized people?
Which argument does Critical Race Theory make about the experiences of racialized people?
What is the primary characteristic that distinguishes a minority group?
What is the primary characteristic that distinguishes a minority group?
Which term is more accurate and socially relevant than 'race' when discussing social groups?
Which term is more accurate and socially relevant than 'race' when discussing social groups?
What does racialization refer to?
What does racialization refer to?
What defines Eurocentrism?
What defines Eurocentrism?
Internalized racism can lead to which of the following outcomes?
Internalized racism can lead to which of the following outcomes?
How does the concept of stigma function in social categorization?
How does the concept of stigma function in social categorization?
What does miscegenation describe?
What does miscegenation describe?
Ethnicity encompasses which of the following elements?
Ethnicity encompasses which of the following elements?
What does the term 'majority group' imply?
What does the term 'majority group' imply?
Which of the following statements about race is accurate?
Which of the following statements about race is accurate?
What does criminology primarily focus on?
What does criminology primarily focus on?
Which of the following best describes a 'moral entrepreneur'?
Which of the following best describes a 'moral entrepreneur'?
What are formal sanctions?
What are formal sanctions?
Which of the following approaches to social control involves reconciliation between victim and perpetrator?
Which of the following approaches to social control involves reconciliation between victim and perpetrator?
What concept relates to surveillance and normalization in social control?
What concept relates to surveillance and normalization in social control?
In Rational Choice Theory, what is considered a significant factor that influences criminal behavior?
In Rational Choice Theory, what is considered a significant factor that influences criminal behavior?
Which theory suggests that crime results from the strain individuals experience when cultural goals cannot be achieved through accepted means?
Which theory suggests that crime results from the strain individuals experience when cultural goals cannot be achieved through accepted means?
What is a characteristic of a 'retreatist' gang according to illegitimate opportunity theory?
What is a characteristic of a 'retreatist' gang according to illegitimate opportunity theory?
What is the primary focus of Multiracial Feminist Theory?
What is the primary focus of Multiracial Feminist Theory?
According to Hirschi's Control Theory, which bond is NOT identified as a factor affecting engagement in criminal behavior?
According to Hirschi's Control Theory, which bond is NOT identified as a factor affecting engagement in criminal behavior?
Which term describes the ideology that a particular racial group is superior to others?
Which term describes the ideology that a particular racial group is superior to others?
In conflict theory, which term describes an environment that produces crime due to unequal laws?
In conflict theory, which term describes an environment that produces crime due to unequal laws?
Which sociological perspective argues that deviant behavior occurs in a state of normlessness?
Which sociological perspective argues that deviant behavior occurs in a state of normlessness?
What is an essential condition for effective contact to reduce prejudice according to Contact Theory?
What is an essential condition for effective contact to reduce prejudice according to Contact Theory?
What does 'selective perception' refer to in the context of prejudice?
What does 'selective perception' refer to in the context of prejudice?
Which of the following is NOT a basic belief of Rational Choice Theory?
Which of the following is NOT a basic belief of Rational Choice Theory?
Which of the following best describes 'institutional racism'?
Which of the following best describes 'institutional racism'?
What is the role of normalization in social control?
What is the role of normalization in social control?
What characterizes 'democratic racism'?
What characterizes 'democratic racism'?
What does 'assimilation' imply in the context of minority groups?
What does 'assimilation' imply in the context of minority groups?
What does 'cultural genocide' aim to destroy?
What does 'cultural genocide' aim to destroy?
What is one consequence of 'segregation'?
What is one consequence of 'segregation'?
Which example illustrates 'expulsion' as a form of dominant group behavior?
Which example illustrates 'expulsion' as a form of dominant group behavior?
What was a significant outcome of the '60's scoop' in Canada?
What was a significant outcome of the '60's scoop' in Canada?
What was an economic condition that facilitated assimilation?
What was an economic condition that facilitated assimilation?
What does the term 'model minority' refer to?
What does the term 'model minority' refer to?
Which stage of colonialism involves Indigenous populations bearing economic dependence on settlers?
Which stage of colonialism involves Indigenous populations bearing economic dependence on settlers?
Which aspect of education affects social status according to the provided content?
Which aspect of education affects social status according to the provided content?
What does the Davis-Moore thesis propose about social stratification?
What does the Davis-Moore thesis propose about social stratification?
According to Melvin Tumin, what is a significant issue related to social stratification?
According to Melvin Tumin, what is a significant issue related to social stratification?
What is a major focus of Conflict Theory as described in the content?
What is a major focus of Conflict Theory as described in the content?
How does Max Weber's view of social stratification differ from Karl Marx's?
How does Max Weber's view of social stratification differ from Karl Marx's?
What term describes the purchasing of goods primarily for the status they convey?
What term describes the purchasing of goods primarily for the status they convey?
According to the content, what is one likely consequence of status inconsistency?
According to the content, what is one likely consequence of status inconsistency?
What does feminist theory primarily investigate within society?
What does feminist theory primarily investigate within society?
What is the purpose of organizations like the Canadian Red Cross according to the content?
What is the purpose of organizations like the Canadian Red Cross according to the content?
What is meant by ‘conspicuous leisure’?
What is meant by ‘conspicuous leisure’?
What is global stratification concerned with?
What is global stratification concerned with?
What is a potential effect of stigma associated with disabilities?
What is a potential effect of stigma associated with disabilities?
What does neoliberalism advocate for regarding the state's role?
What does neoliberalism advocate for regarding the state's role?
Which of the following best defines 'deviance' as per the content?
Which of the following best defines 'deviance' as per the content?
What term describes the derogatory label often assigned to individuals believed to have an unreasonable number of sexual partners?
What term describes the derogatory label often assigned to individuals believed to have an unreasonable number of sexual partners?
Which theory emphasizes that controlling sexuality correlates with controlling societal power?
Which theory emphasizes that controlling sexuality correlates with controlling societal power?
Which of the following describes the normalization of rape as a part of gender and sexuality double standards?
Which of the following describes the normalization of rape as a part of gender and sexuality double standards?
What is the term for romantic and sexual attraction to people regardless of their gender identity?
What is the term for romantic and sexual attraction to people regardless of their gender identity?
Which of the following marriage types refers to marrying outside of one’s immediate community?
Which of the following marriage types refers to marrying outside of one’s immediate community?
What does the term 'biphobia' refer to?
What does the term 'biphobia' refer to?
Which of the following best characterizes the concept of 'the Charmed Circle'?
Which of the following best characterizes the concept of 'the Charmed Circle'?
What demographic is typically associated with polyamorous individuals in the United States?
What demographic is typically associated with polyamorous individuals in the United States?
Which of the following is characterized as a relationship pattern involving one monogamous relationship after another?
Which of the following is characterized as a relationship pattern involving one monogamous relationship after another?
What does the family unit typically provide that is critical for individual socialization?
What does the family unit typically provide that is critical for individual socialization?
Which perspective emphasizes how family members' definitions of situations shape their interactions?
Which perspective emphasizes how family members' definitions of situations shape their interactions?
What is a major criticism of Talcott Parsons' view on family roles?
What is a major criticism of Talcott Parsons' view on family roles?
What is the underlying reason for the gender division of labor in a family unit according to Conflict Theory?
What is the underlying reason for the gender division of labor in a family unit according to Conflict Theory?
What is considered a form of non-traditional family where siblings live together for various reasons?
What is considered a form of non-traditional family where siblings live together for various reasons?
Which statement accurately reflects the relationship between child-rearing practices and gender expectations?
Which statement accurately reflects the relationship between child-rearing practices and gender expectations?
What concept describes the idea that gender roles are actively performed and reinforced through social interactions?
What concept describes the idea that gender roles are actively performed and reinforced through social interactions?
Which theorist is associated with the concept of gender performance as a process that becomes normalized through repetition?
Which theorist is associated with the concept of gender performance as a process that becomes normalized through repetition?
What concept describes the phenomenon where women are often less present in STEM fields due to early education and socialization?
What concept describes the phenomenon where women are often less present in STEM fields due to early education and socialization?
Which factor does not contribute to the gender wage gap?
Which factor does not contribute to the gender wage gap?
What term describes the societal expectation that heterosexuality is the ideal sexual orientation, making other orientations appear abnormal?
What term describes the societal expectation that heterosexuality is the ideal sexual orientation, making other orientations appear abnormal?
What term best represents the societal pressure that enforces traditional gender roles within peer groups?
What term best represents the societal pressure that enforces traditional gender roles within peer groups?
According to Alfred Kinsey, where did most people's sexual behaviors fall on the seven-point scale?
According to Alfred Kinsey, where did most people's sexual behaviors fall on the seven-point scale?
What is the primary distinction John D'Emilio makes regarding homosexual identity?
What is the primary distinction John D'Emilio makes regarding homosexual identity?
Which of the following best represents the concept of the 'Second Shift'?
Which of the following best represents the concept of the 'Second Shift'?
What does the term 'Feminization of Poverty' primarily indicate?
What does the term 'Feminization of Poverty' primarily indicate?
How does the sexual double standard affect perceptions of male and female sexuality?
How does the sexual double standard affect perceptions of male and female sexuality?
What does sexual identity encompass according to the provided content?
What does sexual identity encompass according to the provided content?
Which of the following factors is not a reason for the gender wage gap?
Which of the following factors is not a reason for the gender wage gap?
What characterizes gender as a social construct in everyday interactions?
What characterizes gender as a social construct in everyday interactions?
Which of the following describes the dynamics of relationship power as per Exchange Theory?
Which of the following describes the dynamics of relationship power as per Exchange Theory?
What idea does Judith Butler challenge regarding the notion of self in gender performance?
What idea does Judith Butler challenge regarding the notion of self in gender performance?
Which of the following best describes the concept of 'gendered media representation'?
Which of the following best describes the concept of 'gendered media representation'?
What societal issue is often reinforced through language that constructs stereotypes about gay men and lesbians?
What societal issue is often reinforced through language that constructs stereotypes about gay men and lesbians?
What impact do gendered educational experiences have on career aspirations?
What impact do gendered educational experiences have on career aspirations?
What does the term 'positionality' refer to in relation to an individual?
What does the term 'positionality' refer to in relation to an individual?
Which of the following best describes 'democratic racism'?
Which of the following best describes 'democratic racism'?
What condition must be met for Contact Theory to effectively reduce prejudice?
What condition must be met for Contact Theory to effectively reduce prejudice?
Which statement is true regarding 'institutional racism'?
Which statement is true regarding 'institutional racism'?
Which of the following illustrates the concept of 'selective perception'?
Which of the following illustrates the concept of 'selective perception'?
Under which situation is 'expulsion' most likely to occur?
Under which situation is 'expulsion' most likely to occur?
Which factor is essential for establishing effective intergroup contact according to Contact Theory?
Which factor is essential for establishing effective intergroup contact according to Contact Theory?
What is a common misconception about 'model minority' status?
What is a common misconception about 'model minority' status?
What characterizes the 'four stages of colonialism' concerning Indigenous populations?
What characterizes the 'four stages of colonialism' concerning Indigenous populations?
Which of the following describes cultural genocide?
Which of the following describes cultural genocide?
Which of the following best exemplifies institutional racism?
Which of the following best exemplifies institutional racism?
In which scenario is 'assimilation' most likely to occur?
In which scenario is 'assimilation' most likely to occur?
What aspect is emphasized by Multiracial Feminist Theory?
What aspect is emphasized by Multiracial Feminist Theory?
Which historical event best illustrates the impact of institutional racism on Indigenous people in Canada?
Which historical event best illustrates the impact of institutional racism on Indigenous people in Canada?
What term describes the derogatory label applied to individuals presumed to have had sex with an excessive number of partners?
What term describes the derogatory label applied to individuals presumed to have had sex with an excessive number of partners?
Which of the following best encapsulates Michel Foucault's perspective on sexuality?
Which of the following best encapsulates Michel Foucault's perspective on sexuality?
Which sociological perspective emphasizes the family unit's role in enforcing social norms and values?
Which sociological perspective emphasizes the family unit's role in enforcing social norms and values?
In Judith Butler's concept of gender performativity, which aspect is considered crucial?
In Judith Butler's concept of gender performativity, which aspect is considered crucial?
Which term refers to the irrational fear and hatred towards bisexual individuals?
Which term refers to the irrational fear and hatred towards bisexual individuals?
Which family type involves multiple generations living together?
Which family type involves multiple generations living together?
What aspect of sexuality does 'The Charmed Circle' primarily represent?
What aspect of sexuality does 'The Charmed Circle' primarily represent?
Which term defines a family constructed by having children or adopting approximately after marriage?
Which term defines a family constructed by having children or adopting approximately after marriage?
Which concept suggests that family structures reflect broader societal inequalities?
Which concept suggests that family structures reflect broader societal inequalities?
What is a key characteristic of polyamory?
What is a key characteristic of polyamory?
In the context of sexual scripts, what role does socialization play?
In the context of sexual scripts, what role does socialization play?
What is the main criticism leveled against Talcott Parsons' view of the family?
What is the main criticism leveled against Talcott Parsons' view of the family?
What does the term 'liquid modernity' refer to in the context of contemporary relationships?
What does the term 'liquid modernity' refer to in the context of contemporary relationships?
What is the primary role of a moral entrepreneur in society?
What is the primary role of a moral entrepreneur in society?
In the context of social control, what distinguishes formal sanctions from informal sanctions?
In the context of social control, what distinguishes formal sanctions from informal sanctions?
Which of the following is NOT one of Donald Black's types of social control?
Which of the following is NOT one of Donald Black's types of social control?
According to Rational Choice Theory, what primarily influences criminal behavior?
According to Rational Choice Theory, what primarily influences criminal behavior?
What does normalization entail in the context of social control?
What does normalization entail in the context of social control?
How does the Strain Theory explain criminal behavior?
How does the Strain Theory explain criminal behavior?
What characterizes a 'retreatist' gang according to illegitimate opportunity theory?
What characterizes a 'retreatist' gang according to illegitimate opportunity theory?
What is a significant critique of Hirschi's Control Theory?
What is a significant critique of Hirschi's Control Theory?
In the context of deviance, what does 'anomie' refer to?
In the context of deviance, what does 'anomie' refer to?
What key concept does Michel Foucault associate with modern forms of governance?
What key concept does Michel Foucault associate with modern forms of governance?
Which of the following best aligns with Cesare Lombroso's beliefs about criminality?
Which of the following best aligns with Cesare Lombroso's beliefs about criminality?
Conflict Theory views crime primarily as a result of:
Conflict Theory views crime primarily as a result of:
The concept of 'criminogenic environments' refers to:
The concept of 'criminogenic environments' refers to:
Which of the following accurately describes the concept of deviant behavior according to Howard Becker?
Which of the following accurately describes the concept of deviant behavior according to Howard Becker?
What does the overload model suggest regarding family responsibilities?
What does the overload model suggest regarding family responsibilities?
Which model emphasizes the imbalance of gender responsibilities within a family unit?
Which model emphasizes the imbalance of gender responsibilities within a family unit?
What is the primary focus of the cultural tension model?
What is the primary focus of the cultural tension model?
Which term describes the belief system that the poor have distinctive values limiting their ability to escape poverty?
Which term describes the belief system that the poor have distinctive values limiting their ability to escape poverty?
How is social mobility typically measured?
How is social mobility typically measured?
What does the term 'closed system' refer to in a social context?
What does the term 'closed system' refer to in a social context?
What type of mobility allows individuals to change social class throughout their lifetimes?
What type of mobility allows individuals to change social class throughout their lifetimes?
What does classism refer to?
What does classism refer to?
Which economic condition is related to deindustrialization?
Which economic condition is related to deindustrialization?
What does relative poverty imply?
What does relative poverty imply?
Which model of family conflict directly relates to cultural values in society?
Which model of family conflict directly relates to cultural values in society?
In terms of social stratification, what does socio-economic status encompass?
In terms of social stratification, what does socio-economic status encompass?
What is one key component of the head-compliment model?
What is one key component of the head-compliment model?
Flashcards
Race
Race
A socially constructed concept used to categorize people based on perceived physical differences, often leading to unequal treatment.
Racialization
Racialization
The process of assigning stereotypes and characteristics to racial categories leading to unequal treatment.
Eurocentrism
Eurocentrism
The belief that European culture and people are superior to others.
Internalized Racism
Internalized Racism
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Ethnicity
Ethnicity
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Minority Group
Minority Group
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Majority Group
Majority Group
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Stigma
Stigma
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Miscegenation
Miscegenation
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Ethnic Group
Ethnic Group
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Dual Labour Market Theory
Dual Labour Market Theory
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Primary Labour Market
Primary Labour Market
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Secondary Labour Market
Secondary Labour Market
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Marxist Exploitation Theory
Marxist Exploitation Theory
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Critical Race Theory
Critical Race Theory
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Post-colonialism
Post-colonialism
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Social Construct of race
Social Construct of race
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Group Cohesion (racism)
Group Cohesion (racism)
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Racial Economic Challenge
Racial Economic Challenge
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Racial Stratification
Racial Stratification
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Intersectionality
Intersectionality
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Positionality
Positionality
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Symbolic Interactionism
Symbolic Interactionism
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Prejudiced Culture
Prejudiced Culture
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Contact Theory
Contact Theory
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Selective Perception
Selective Perception
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Multiracial Feminist Theory
Multiracial Feminist Theory
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Individual Racism
Individual Racism
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Institutional Racism
Institutional Racism
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Democratic Racism
Democratic Racism
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Indigenous Peoples
Indigenous Peoples
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Settler Society
Settler Society
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Black Canadians
Black Canadians
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Asian Canadians
Asian Canadians
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Davis-Moore Thesis
Davis-Moore Thesis
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Functionalism
Functionalism
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Status
Status
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Status Group
Status Group
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Power
Power
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Status Inconsistency
Status Inconsistency
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Conspicuous Consumption
Conspicuous Consumption
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Conspicuous Leisure
Conspicuous Leisure
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Conspicuous Waste
Conspicuous Waste
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Double Shift (Double Ghetto)
Double Shift (Double Ghetto)
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Neoliberalism
Neoliberalism
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Empire
Empire
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Deviance
Deviance
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Gatekeeping Women
Gatekeeping Women
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Sexual Double Standard
Sexual Double Standard
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Promiscuous
Promiscuous
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Rape Culture
Rape Culture
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The Charmed Circle
The Charmed Circle
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The Outer Limits
The Outer Limits
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Bisexuality
Bisexuality
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Biphobia
Biphobia
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Pansexuality
Pansexuality
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Asexuality
Asexuality
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Polyamory
Polyamory
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Structural Functionalism (Family)
Structural Functionalism (Family)
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Conflict/Critical Theory (Family)
Conflict/Critical Theory (Family)
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Symbolic Interactionism (Family)
Symbolic Interactionism (Family)
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Post-Structuralist Theory (Family)
Post-Structuralist Theory (Family)
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Criminology
Criminology
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Social Norms
Social Norms
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Deviant Behavior
Deviant Behavior
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Moral Entrepreneur
Moral Entrepreneur
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Social Control
Social Control
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Formal vs. Informal Sanctions
Formal vs. Informal Sanctions
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Donald Black's Types of Social Control
Donald Black's Types of Social Control
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Disciplinary Social Control
Disciplinary Social Control
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Panopticon
Panopticon
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Rational Choice Theory
Rational Choice Theory
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Biological Determinism
Biological Determinism
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Functionalist Perspective on Crime
Functionalist Perspective on Crime
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Strain Theory
Strain Theory
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Privilege
Privilege
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Genocide
Genocide
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Expulsion
Expulsion
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Cultural Genocide
Cultural Genocide
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Segregation
Segregation
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Gendered Expectations
Gendered Expectations
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Masculine Chores
Masculine Chores
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Pink-Collar Jobs
Pink-Collar Jobs
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Gender Wage Gap
Gender Wage Gap
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The 'Chilly Climate'
The 'Chilly Climate'
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The Second Shift
The Second Shift
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Feminization of Poverty
Feminization of Poverty
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Exchange Theory
Exchange Theory
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Doing Gender
Doing Gender
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Gender Performance
Gender Performance
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Judith Butler's Theory
Judith Butler's Theory
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Sexual Identity
Sexual Identity
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Sexual Orientation
Sexual Orientation
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Heterosexism
Heterosexism
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Homophobia
Homophobia
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Homosexual Behavior vs. Identity
Homosexual Behavior vs. Identity
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Alfred Kinsey's Scale
Alfred Kinsey's Scale
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Formal Sanctions
Formal Sanctions
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Informal Sanctions
Informal Sanctions
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Criminogenic Environment
Criminogenic Environment
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Heteronormativity
Heteronormativity
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Deficit Model of Family Conflict
Deficit Model of Family Conflict
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Overload Model of Family Conflict
Overload Model of Family Conflict
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Cultural Tension Model of Family Conflict
Cultural Tension Model of Family Conflict
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Conflict of Interest Model of Family Conflict
Conflict of Interest Model of Family Conflict
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Anomie Model of Family Conflict
Anomie Model of Family Conflict
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Head-Compliment Model of Family Power
Head-Compliment Model of Family Power
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Junior Partner/Senior Partner Model of Family Power
Junior Partner/Senior Partner Model of Family Power
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Equal Partners Model of Family Power
Equal Partners Model of Family Power
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Social Class
Social Class
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Social Status
Social Status
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Meritocracy
Meritocracy
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Social Inequality
Social Inequality
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Classism
Classism
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Nuclear Family
Nuclear Family
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Extended Family
Extended Family
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Exogamy
Exogamy
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Endogamy
Endogamy
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Study Notes
Race and Ethnicity
- Race is a historically-defined group of people distinguished physically and genetically
- Socially constructed concept with social consequences, impacting life quality and lifespan
- Socially constructed, adapting to contemporary views, with inherent colonial/ethnocentric biases
- Racialization: the process of attributing characteristics (e.g., intelligence) to racial categories, rationalizing racist views
- Eurocentrism views Europeans as superior to others
- Internalized Racism: incorporating racial categorizations into one's identity, potentially causing identity confusion
- Ethnicity: shared culture (heritage, language, religion) – also a social construct
- Ethnic groups can share racial background but have different ethnicities
- Miscegenation: the blending of different racial groups through relationships
Minority and Majority Groups
- Minority Group: Socially disadvantaged group, often stigmatized due to lack of social power
- Majority Group: Socially advantaged group, controlling the social system
- Stigma: an assigned negative attribute not inherent to a person or group
- Prejudice: Prejudgment or preconceived negative view of a person or group
- Ecological Fallacy: concluding about individuals based on group data
- Exception Fallacy: drawing generalizations about a group based on a single individual
Discrimination
- Discrimination: Actions favoring or denying advantages to a group
- Individual Discrimination: an individual acting discriminatorily
- Institutional Discrimination: discriminatory practices within an institution (ex. quotas)
- Direct: discriminatory policies
- Indirect: discriminatory treatment through otherwise neutral criteria
Theories of Prejudice and Discrimination
- Scapegoat Theory: Blaming a subordinate group for one's problems
- Authoritarian Personality Theory: Extreme prejudice tied to rigid beliefs, traditions, and values
- Cultural Theory: Prejudice is a natural part of all cultures
- Functionalist Theory: Dominant groups use perceived “otherness” for social cohesion
- Conflict Theory: The powerful use prejudice and discrimination to divide workers
Intersectionality
- Intersectionality: The interconnected nature of social categorizations such as race, class, gender, sexual orientation as they create overlapping systems of discrimination or disadvantage.
Theoretical Perspectives on Gender and Sexuality
- Gender is socially constructed, varying over time and place
- Gender identity is an individual's sense of being feminine, masculine, or another gender
- Cisgender: Gender identity matches sex assigned at birth
- Transgender: Gender identity differs from sex assigned at birth
- Intersex: Individuals with reproductive/sexual anatomy outside of conventional male/female
- Sex: Biological distinctions between men and women
Sexuality
- Sexuality: encompasses physical, emotional, and identity aspects
- Sexual orientation: attraction towards particular people
- Sexual Scripts: Societal expectations on sexual behaviours.
Family
- Family of Orientation: The family a person is born into
- Family of Procreation: The family a person creates through marriage and/or having children
- Nuclear family: The traditional family structure comprising an adult male, and adult female and their offspring
- Extended Family: Multiple generations living together
- Cohabitation: living together without being legally married
- Lone-parent families
- Stepfamilies/Blended families
- Queer families
Inequality
- Social Inequality: Unequal distribution of socially valued resources (money, power, prestige) based on attributes
- Social Stratification: Hierarchical arrangement of people into social classes.
- Social Class: A group of people with similar positions in a hierarchy (owners, middle, working class)
- Achieved status: a status based on earned attributes (merit)
- Ascribed status: a status based on attributes at birth (ex: gender)
Crime and Deviance
- Deviance: behaviour that violates social norms (not always criminal)
- Crime: violating norms codified into law
- Criminology: study of crime, its causes, prevention, and punishment
- Social Control: Regulation and enforcement of norms through formal and informal sanctions
- Biological Determinism: Belief that biological factors solely determine criminal behaviour;
- Strain Theories: Deviance arises from the limited access to legitimate means to achieve cultural goals
- Conflict Theory: Crime is a result of class struggle, the dominant class creates law to reinforce existing power structures
- Illegitimate Opportunity Theory: Crime develops in environments where illegitimate opportunities are readily available
- Symbolic Interactionism: Understanding crime through social interactions (ex: labeling theory)
Law
- Rule of Law: Everyone is subject to law, no one is above it
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Description
This quiz explores the complex concepts of race and ethnicity, highlighting their historical definitions, social constructions, and implications on identity. It delves into topics like racialization, internalized racism, and the dynamics between minority and majority groups. Test your understanding of how these constructs influence societal perceptions and individual identities.
