Sociology: Institutions and Their Role
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Questions and Answers

What is an example of a sect?

  • A new religion that rejects all existing belief systems
  • A movement to restore the ten commandments of God (correct)
  • The Roman Catholic Church
  • A denomination that breaks away from a cult

    • What is a characteristic of cults?

  • They are short-lived due to their dependence on an inspirational leader (correct)
  • They are a type of established religious body
  • They arise from established churches
  • They are a revival of an existing sect

    • What is the result of secularization?

  • The strengthening of social and political power of religious organizations
  • The weakening of social and political power of religious organizations (correct)
  • Increased religious involvement and belief
  • The complete rejection of all religious beliefs

    • What is a reaction to secularization?

    <p>Fundamentalism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of churches?

    <p>They are established religious bodies, like the Roman Catholic Church</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do cults tend to be short-lived?

    <p>They depend on an inspirational leader who will eventually pass away</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the impact of modernization on religion?

    <p>It leads to decreased religious involvement and belief</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common issue with fundamentalism?

    <p>It is too extreme and creates social problems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the overall impact of religion on society?

    <p>It affects everyone in society in some shape or form</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key difference between sects and cults?

    <p>Sects break away from established churches, while cults reject societal values</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common reason for the establishment of a sect?

    <p>To protest against an established church</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of religious organization is characterized by a complete rejection of societal values?

    <p>Cult</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key consequence of the breakdown of societal belief systems?

    <p>The growth of cults</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary difference between sects and churches?

    <p>Their relationship to the established church</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a consequence of the weakening of social and political power of religious organizations?

    <p>The decline of religious involvement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common aspect of religious organizations that are established in response to societal change?

    <p>A revival of forgotten beliefs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a consequence of the increase in available information?

    <p>The decline of religious involvement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of religious organizations that are marked by a strict adherence to traditional teachings?

    <p>A revival of forgotten beliefs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common reason for the decline of religious involvement?

    <p>The increase in available information</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key aspect of the relationship between religious organizations and society?

    <p>Religion is influenced by societal change</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common reason for people to maintain their religious practices?

    <p>To connect with their family traditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What has led to a decline in the emphasis on religion in society?

    <p>The increase in available information</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of religious organizations that are a reaction to secularization?

    <p>They are marked by a strict adherence to traditional teachings</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of the weakening of social and political power of religious organizations?

    <p>Secularization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of religious organization is characterized by a break away from an established church?

    <p>Sect</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can be a consequence of the increase in available information?

    <p>A decline in the importance of religion in society</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of religious organization is characterized by a complete rejection of societal values?

    <p>Cult</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can be a consequence of the breakdown of societal belief systems?

    <p>The rise of cults</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common aspect of religious organizations that are established in response to social change?

    <p>They are established in protest of an established church</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of religious organizations that are marked by a strict adherence to traditional teachings?

    <p>They are fundamentalist organizations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a reflection of socioeconomic inequalities in our society?

    <p>Residential segregation based on neighborhoods</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what type of families were large families beneficial?

    <p>Rural families</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common aspect of family life that is becoming more normal?

    <p>Divorce</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a type of abuse that is often more common than physical abuse?

    <p>Neglect</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common reason why abused spouses find it difficult to seek help?

    <p>Limited access to women's shelters</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main role of institutions in society?

    <p>To create and support society</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the hidden curriculum in education?

    <p>The information taught outside the official curriculum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What affects how students learn according to the teacher's expectations?

    <p>The teacher's expectations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main reason for educational segregation and stratification in schools?

    <p>The way that schools are funded</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a result of the socioeconomic inequalities in the United States?

    <p>A reflection of these inequalities in the funding given to schools</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the economy affect family values and social obligations?

    <p>In rural areas, large families are beneficial, but in urban areas, they are a strain on resources</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common pattern of abuse in families?

    <p>A pattern of behavior that takes years to escalate, involving controlling the partner and limiting their support network</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a difficulty that abused spouses may face when seeking help?

    <p>The social stigma that men don't get abused</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a type of family that is not considered a traditional or uniform type of family?

    <p>A generation skip family</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Education Institution

    • Education is more than just attending school, it involves a hidden curriculum that teaches social skills and values outside of the official curriculum.
    • We learn how to interact with others, wait our turn, and treat our peers, and internalize social inequalities, often without realizing it.
    • Teachers' expectations of students can affect how they learn, and students tend to meet the expectations set for them.
    • Teachers categorize students based on perceived abilities, which can be limiting if the categorization is incorrect.
    • Educational segregation and stratification occur due to the way schools are funded, usually through property taxes, leading to inequalities between school districts.

    Family Institution

    • Family can be defined by various forms of kinship, including blood, marriage, and adoption.
    • In the United States, the small nuclear family is valued more than the larger extended family, but this varies across societies.
    • Family values and social obligations are tied to the economy, and urbanization has led to changes in family roles and child care.
    • There is diversity in family forms, including married couples, single parents, step families, gay couples, adoptive families, and others.
    • Marriage and divorce are important aspects of family, with divorce becoming a normal aspect of family life, especially in the United States.

    Family Challenges

    • No family is perfect, and some families experience violence, such as child abuse, elder abuse, and spousal abuse.
    • Child abuse can take the form of physical abuse, neglect, or exploitation, often by another family member.
    • Elder abuse occurs when families are not prepared to take care of elderly members, leading to neglect, robbery, and threats.
    • Spousal abuse is common, often perpetrated by men, but also affecting men, and can be psychological, not just physical.
    • Economic issues can lead to abuse, and it is difficult for victims to seek help due to social stigma and limited support networks.

    Religion Institution

    • Religion is an institution that permeates society, with religiosity ranging from private beliefs to spiritual routines to institutionalized religion.
    • There are various types of religious organizations, including churches, sects, and cults, each with their own characteristics and beliefs.
    • Churches are established religious bodies, while sects are smaller and often break away from established churches.
    • Cults are more radical, rejecting outside society and undergoing a complete religious renovation.
    • Over time, religion has been affected by social change, leading to secularization and a weakening of religious power and influence.

    Impact of Social Change on Religion

    • Modernization has led to more information being available, leading to a decline in religious involvement and belief.
    • Secularization is the weakening of social and political power of religious organizations, leading to a decline in religious influence.
    • In response to secularization, fundamentalism has emerged, involving a return to strict religious teachings and beliefs, which can create social problems when taken to extremes.

    Education Institution

    • Education is more than just attending school, it involves a hidden curriculum that teaches social skills and values outside of the official curriculum.
    • We learn how to interact with others, wait our turn, and treat our peers, and internalize social inequalities, often without realizing it.
    • Teachers' expectations of students can affect how they learn, and students tend to meet the expectations set for them.
    • Teachers categorize students based on perceived abilities, which can be limiting if the categorization is incorrect.
    • Educational segregation and stratification occur due to the way schools are funded, usually through property taxes, leading to inequalities between school districts.

    Family Institution

    • Family can be defined by various forms of kinship, including blood, marriage, and adoption.
    • In the United States, the small nuclear family is valued more than the larger extended family, but this varies across societies.
    • Family values and social obligations are tied to the economy, and urbanization has led to changes in family roles and child care.
    • There is diversity in family forms, including married couples, single parents, step families, gay couples, adoptive families, and others.
    • Marriage and divorce are important aspects of family, with divorce becoming a normal aspect of family life, especially in the United States.

    Family Challenges

    • No family is perfect, and some families experience violence, such as child abuse, elder abuse, and spousal abuse.
    • Child abuse can take the form of physical abuse, neglect, or exploitation, often by another family member.
    • Elder abuse occurs when families are not prepared to take care of elderly members, leading to neglect, robbery, and threats.
    • Spousal abuse is common, often perpetrated by men, but also affecting men, and can be psychological, not just physical.
    • Economic issues can lead to abuse, and it is difficult for victims to seek help due to social stigma and limited support networks.

    Religion Institution

    • Religion is an institution that permeates society, with religiosity ranging from private beliefs to spiritual routines to institutionalized religion.
    • There are various types of religious organizations, including churches, sects, and cults, each with their own characteristics and beliefs.
    • Churches are established religious bodies, while sects are smaller and often break away from established churches.
    • Cults are more radical, rejecting outside society and undergoing a complete religious renovation.
    • Over time, religion has been affected by social change, leading to secularization and a weakening of religious power and influence.

    Impact of Social Change on Religion

    • Modernization has led to more information being available, leading to a decline in religious involvement and belief.
    • Secularization is the weakening of social and political power of religious organizations, leading to a decline in religious influence.
    • In response to secularization, fundamentalism has emerged, involving a return to strict religious teachings and beliefs, which can create social problems when taken to extremes.

    Education Institution

    • Education is more than just attending school, it involves a hidden curriculum that teaches social skills and values outside of the official curriculum.
    • We learn how to interact with others, wait our turn, and treat our peers, and internalize social inequalities, often without realizing it.
    • Teachers' expectations of students can affect how they learn, and students tend to meet the expectations set for them.
    • Teachers categorize students based on perceived abilities, which can be limiting if the categorization is incorrect.
    • Educational segregation and stratification occur due to the way schools are funded, usually through property taxes, leading to inequalities between school districts.

    Family Institution

    • Family can be defined by various forms of kinship, including blood, marriage, and adoption.
    • In the United States, the small nuclear family is valued more than the larger extended family, but this varies across societies.
    • Family values and social obligations are tied to the economy, and urbanization has led to changes in family roles and child care.
    • There is diversity in family forms, including married couples, single parents, step families, gay couples, adoptive families, and others.
    • Marriage and divorce are important aspects of family, with divorce becoming a normal aspect of family life, especially in the United States.

    Family Challenges

    • No family is perfect, and some families experience violence, such as child abuse, elder abuse, and spousal abuse.
    • Child abuse can take the form of physical abuse, neglect, or exploitation, often by another family member.
    • Elder abuse occurs when families are not prepared to take care of elderly members, leading to neglect, robbery, and threats.
    • Spousal abuse is common, often perpetrated by men, but also affecting men, and can be psychological, not just physical.
    • Economic issues can lead to abuse, and it is difficult for victims to seek help due to social stigma and limited support networks.

    Religion Institution

    • Religion is an institution that permeates society, with religiosity ranging from private beliefs to spiritual routines to institutionalized religion.
    • There are various types of religious organizations, including churches, sects, and cults, each with their own characteristics and beliefs.
    • Churches are established religious bodies, while sects are smaller and often break away from established churches.
    • Cults are more radical, rejecting outside society and undergoing a complete religious renovation.
    • Over time, religion has been affected by social change, leading to secularization and a weakening of religious power and influence.

    Impact of Social Change on Religion

    • Modernization has led to more information being available, leading to a decline in religious involvement and belief.
    • Secularization is the weakening of social and political power of religious organizations, leading to a decline in religious influence.
    • In response to secularization, fundamentalism has emerged, involving a return to strict religious teachings and beliefs, which can create social problems when taken to extremes.

    Education

    • Education plays a fundamental role in creating and supporting society and shapes individuals who make up that society.
    • There is a hidden curriculum of information that is taught outside the official curriculum, such as social skills and norms.
    • Teachers' expectations of students can affect how students learn, as students tend to meet the teacher's expectations.
    • Teachers often categorize students based on perceived abilities, which can lead to students not being challenged enough.
    • Educational segregation and stratification occur due to the way schools are funded, leading to inequalities between different school districts.
    • Schools in lower-income districts often receive less funding than those in affluent neighborhoods.

    Family

    • Family is an institution essential to society, defined by various forms of kinship, including blood, marriage, and adoption.
    • The value placed on family types varies across societies, with nuclear families being more valued in the United States.
    • Different family values are linked to different social obligations and economic systems.
    • Rural families were production-based, while urban families became consumption-based, leading to changes in family roles and expectations.
    • There is diversity in family forms, including single-parent families, step families, gay couples, adoptive families, and more.
    • Marriage and divorce are important aspects of family, with the United States experiencing high divorce rates and serial monogamy.
    • Family life can be imperfect, with issues such as violence, abuse, and neglect, including child abuse, elder abuse, and spousal abuse.
    • Abuse can take many forms, including physical, psychological, and economic, and can be perpetrated by various family members.

    Education

    • Education plays a fundamental role in creating and supporting society and shapes individuals who make up that society.
    • There is a hidden curriculum of information that is taught outside the official curriculum, such as social skills and norms.
    • Teachers' expectations of students can affect how students learn, as students tend to meet the teacher's expectations.
    • Teachers often categorize students based on perceived abilities, which can lead to students not being challenged enough.
    • Educational segregation and stratification occur due to the way schools are funded, leading to inequalities between different school districts.
    • Schools in lower-income districts often receive less funding than those in affluent neighborhoods.

    Family

    • Family is an institution essential to society, defined by various forms of kinship, including blood, marriage, and adoption.
    • The value placed on family types varies across societies, with nuclear families being more valued in the United States.
    • Different family values are linked to different social obligations and economic systems.
    • Rural families were production-based, while urban families became consumption-based, leading to changes in family roles and expectations.
    • There is diversity in family forms, including single-parent families, step families, gay couples, adoptive families, and more.
    • Marriage and divorce are important aspects of family, with the United States experiencing high divorce rates and serial monogamy.
    • Family life can be imperfect, with issues such as violence, abuse, and neglect, including child abuse, elder abuse, and spousal abuse.
    • Abuse can take many forms, including physical, psychological, and economic, and can be perpetrated by various family members.

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    Explore the significance of institutions like education, family, and religion in shaping society and individuals. Learn how they function beyond their surface-level roles.

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