Sociology Flashcards

Any relatively stable pattern of social behavior.

Society is created by humans and human interaction, habitualization forms patterns that are repeated.

How a subjective reality can drive events to develop in accordance with that reality.

<p>An idea that becomes true when acted upon.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Patterns of behavior that are representative of a person's social status.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The responsibilities and benefits that a person experiences according to their rank and role in society.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The status outside of an individual's control, such as sex or race.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The status a person chooses, such as a level of education or income.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Stress that occurs when too much is required of a single role.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A situation when one or more of an individual's roles clash.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The expression of a role.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Dramaturgy, where individuals act like actors on a stage.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A process in which a sense of self develops through reflection in others' reactions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A collection of people who exist in the same place at the same time, but who don't interact.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Any collection of at least two people who interact with some frequency and share an aligned identity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>People who share similar characteristics but are not connected.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Small, informal groups of people who are closest to us.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Larger and more impersonal groups that are task-focused and time-limited.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A group function that serves an emotional need.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Being oriented toward a task or goal.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A group a person belongs to and feels is an integral part of their identity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A group that an individual is not a member of, and may compete with.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Groups to which an individual compares themselves.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A two-member group.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A three-member group.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A leader who is goal-oriented with a primary focus on accomplishing tasks.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An individual who increases harmony and minimizes conflict in a group.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Adjusting one's behavior or thinking to coincide with a group standard.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The study of group pressure and conformity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Jails, gangs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A large, complex organization composed of appointed officials.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hierarchy and meritocracy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The process by which principles of the fast-food industry dominate other sectors of society.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The lifelong social experience by which people develop their human potential and learn culture.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A person's distinct identity developed through social interaction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>imitation</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>one other person</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>roles</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A debate on whether genetics or environment drives behavior.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Children assumed to have been raised by animals in the wilderness.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Through socialization and cultural influences.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Families, peer groups, and schools.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The informal and unofficial aspects of culture taught in school.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Learning that helps a person achieve a desired position.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The process of learning new norms, values, attitudes, and behaviors.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Behavior that violates the standards of conduct or expectations of a group or society.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Attempts by society to regulate people's thoughts and behavior.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A group's customary social arrangements.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The means of enforcing rules.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A reward or positive reaction for following norms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A punishment or the threat of punishment used to enforce conformity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sanctions that occur in face-to-face interactions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sanctions that are officially recognized and enforced.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Deviance is a necessary part of a successful society.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Deviance is influenced by access to socially acceptable goals.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A framework explaining the power elite and their influence in society.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The ascribing of a deviant behavior to another person by society members.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Individuals learn deviant behavior from close social connections.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Crimes involving force or the threat of force.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Crimes that do not involve violence or force.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Crimes committed in public places, often involving violence or theft.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Crimes committed for financial gain in business contexts.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Crimes that do not have a clear victim, such as drug use.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Following cultural expectations to an excessive degree.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Actions considered deviant but later reinterpreted as appropriate.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The process through which behavior becomes accepted as normal.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A system by which a society ranks categories of people in a hierarchy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The total value of money and other assets, minus outstanding debts.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Money received for work or investments.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A set of rigid social categories that determines a person's occupation and status.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Unions of spouses from different social categories.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Unions of people within the same social category.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A system in which promotion is based on individual ability or achievement.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Rich, middle class, poor.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The increasing concentration of poverty among women.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Social structure, individual characteristics, poverty triggers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Physical health, mental health, family life, education, religion, politics, crime.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>People who are singled out for unequal treatment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The group with the most power and privileges.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A theory that examines how societal phenomena are created through interactions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Identity with a group of people descended from a common ancestor.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Identity with a group sharing distinct physical and mental traits.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The ideal of the U.S. as a 'salad bowl' of different cultures.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Occurs when majority and minority groups combine to form a new group.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Interpreting new experiences in terms of existing schemas.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Separation of people based on differences.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Deliberate extermination of a racial or cultural group.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Prejudice is a negative attitude; discrimination is a negative behavior.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A process by which banks refuse loans based on location.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A theory that suggests the dominant group displaces aggression onto subordinates.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sex is biological; gender refers to roles in society.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A worldview promoting heterosexuality as the norm.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A view labeling anyone who is not heterosexual as 'queer'.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sets of behavioral norms associated with being male or female.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Our sense of being male or female.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An umbrella term for people whose gender identity differs from their birth sex.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Individuals who undergo the process to transition to another gender.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The belief that one sex is innately superior to the other.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The unequal distribution of wealth, power, and privilege between genders.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A group of genera that share many characteristics.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The practice of having multiple wives.</p> Signup and view all the answers