Sociology Concepts and Theories

<p>Roles (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Symbolic Interactionism (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Structural Functionalism (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Social Institutions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Culture (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Collective Conscience (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mechanical Solidarity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Punitive laws intended to enforce order through punishment. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Physical, non-human elements used in production. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Alienation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The economic foundation of society. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A misunderstanding of one's position in the social system. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Religious beliefs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The game stage (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>People's actions are based on their perceptions of reality, regardless of accuracy (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Imagining appearance -&gt; imagining judgment -&gt; development of feelings (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Deductive research tests an existing theory, while inductive research aims to develop a new theory. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Participant observation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is measured to determine its response to changes in another variable. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>This demonstrates an association between ice cream sales and the summer season. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Research that explores non-numerical data, focusing on understanding meaning and experiences (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The ability of individuals to act independently and make their own choices.

The external, objective structures and norms that influence individual behavior, such as laws, morals, and religious beliefs.

The cohesion and unity that binds a society or group together.

Shared beliefs, values, norms, practices, symbols, and behaviors passed down through generations within a society.

The shared beliefs and values that serve as a moral foundation for society.

Social institutions, organizations, and systems that create a framework for interactions.

Understanding the connection between personal experiences and larger social forces.

Social cohesion based on shared beliefs, values, and similarities, often seen in small, traditional societies.

Private problems that affect individuals and result from personal choices.

Social cohesion based on interdependence, where individuals depend on each other due to specialized skills and roles.

The physical, non-human elements used in the production of goods and services, such as land, tools, machinery.

Public problems that affect a large group of people and are shaped by the larger social structure.

A theoretical framework that views society as a system with interconnected parts, each contributing to stability.

The capitalist class that owns the means of production.

A sociological perspective that focuses on the meanings people attach to social interactions, symbols, and behaviors.

The working class, who sell their labor to the bourgeoisie in exchange for wages.

The process of learning to take on the roles and perspectives of others. It starts with imitation, then moves to taking on specific roles (like playing "mommy" or "doctor"), culminating in understanding the generalized other, or the shared expectations and values of society.

The idea that people's perception of reality influences their actions, regardless of whether that perception is accurate. Even if something isn't "real" in an objective sense, if people believe it is, it will have real consequences.

The concept that our sense of self is shaped by how we believe others perceive us. We imagine how we appear to others, judge their reactions, and develop our self-image in light of those perceived judgments.

A research method that uses questionnaires or interviews to collect data from a large group. It's good for gathering information on attitudes, beliefs, behaviors, and opinions within a population.

A research approach that involves the researcher immersing themselves in the community or group they are studying to gain firsthand insights. They participate in daily activities and observe the group's behavior and interactions.

A research method involving controlled manipulation of variables to test a hypothesis. It's used to establish cause-and-effect relationships.

A research approach that uses numerical data and statistical analysis. It aims to measure and quantify phenomena, often using precise measurements.

A research approach that focuses on understanding meaning, experiences, and perspectives. It uses non-numerical data like interviews or field notes to explore complex social phenomena.