Sociology Chapter: Understanding Prejudice

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Questions and Answers

What is the origin of the term 'prejudice'?

The Latin term for prejudging

What is aversion racism, and what values do aversion racists hold?

Aversion racism is simultaneously holding egalitarian values and negative feelings toward people of other races. Aversion racists believe in racial equality and equal opportunity.

According to the ABC triad, what do people think about?

Cognition

What is the difference between prejudice and discrimination?

Prejudice refers to negative feelings, while discrimination refers to unequal treatment based on group membership. Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of discrimination without prejudice?

A height requirement for police officers that discriminates against women because they are generally shorter. Signup and view all the answers

What is social categorization?

Sorting people into groups based on characteristics they have in common Signup and view all the answers

What are stereotypes, and can they be good or bad?

Stereotypes are beliefs that associate groups of people with certain traits, and they can be good or bad. Signup and view all the answers

What is outgroup homogeneity bias?

Assuming outgroup members are more similar Signup and view all the answers

Why are people with albinism discriminated against?

Due to spiritual and traditional beliefs about their condition Signup and view all the answers

What are subtypes in the context of stereotypes?

Subtypes are categories used for individuals who do not fit a general stereotype. Signup and view all the answers

What is a common prejudice against Muslims?

Discrimination based on their religion Signup and view all the answers

What are the ABCs of intergroup relationships?

The ABCs of intergroup relationships are Prejudice (affective component), Discrimination (behavioral component), and Stereotyping (cognitive component). Signup and view all the answers

Why are foreigners in South Africa often victims of violence and looting?

Due to xenophobia and perception of chaos and disorder Signup and view all the answers

What is racism, and how does it relate to prejudice?

Racism is a form of prejudice, specifically prejudiced attitudes toward a particular race. Signup and view all the answers

Why are overweight people often discriminated against?

Due to negative attitudes towards their weight Signup and view all the answers

What is a common prejudice against homosexuals?

Intolerance towards their sexual orientation Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Prejudice

A negative feeling toward an individual based solely on their membership in a particular group
Derived from the Latin term for prejudging
Involves attitudes toward categories of people, which can be used to judge individuals without being based on their actions or personal traits

Types of Prejudice

Racism: prejudiced attitudes toward a particular race
Aversion racism: simultaneously holding egalitarian values and negative feelings toward people of other races

Relationship Between Prejudice and Discrimination

Prejudice can exist without discrimination, if people hold negative views but don’t act unfairly
Discrimination can occur without prejudiced feelings

Stereotypes

Beliefs that associate groups of people with certain traits
Can be good or bad
Examples: stereotyping older people as wise or as slow

Subtypes

Categories that people use for individuals who do not fit a general stereotype

Intergroup Relationships

The ABCs of intergroup relationships: prejudice, discrimination, and stereotypes
Affect (prejudice): how people feel inside
Behavior (discrimination): what people do
Cognition (stereotyping): what people think about

Categorization

The natural tendency of humans to sort objects into groups
Social categorization: sorting people into groups on the basis of characteristics they have in common (e.g., race, gender, age, religion, sexual orientation)

Ingroup and Outgroup

Ingroup members: people who belong to the same group or category as we do
Outgroup members: people who belong to a different group or category than we do
Outgroup homogeneity bias: the assumption that outgroup members are more similar

Common Prejudices and Targets

Muslims: experience discrimination based on their religion
Xenophobia: source of violence in South Africa, targeting foreign nationals
Albinism: people born with albinism are sometimes killed for ritual purposes and spiritual ideas about albinism
People who are overweight: may be subject to discrimination because of their weight
Homosexuals: may face discrimination, with both men and women being more intolerant of homosexuality in their own gender

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Description

This quiz covers the concept of prejudice, its definition, and its forms, including racism. It explains how prejudice involves evaluating people based on group membership rather than individual actions or traits.