Sociology Chapter 3 Flashcards

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Questions and Answers

What is anticipatory socialization?

The process of learning to assume a future role (correct)

Learning to develop physical skills

Understanding one's personality traits

Defining right and wrong

What is aptitude?

The capacity for developing physical or social skills.

What does conventional morality refer to?

Kohlberg's term for defining right and wrong based on the motive of the action.

What is developmental socialization?

The process of becoming more competent in currently assumed roles. Signup and view all the answers

What is the ego according to Freud?

The part of the personality that is rational and deals with the world logically. Signup and view all the answers

Define gender identity.

People's images of what they are socially expected to be based on their sex. Signup and view all the answers

What are generalized others?

People who influence a child's internalization of societal values without having close ties. Signup and view all the answers

What is the id in Freud's terms?

The part of the personality that is irrational and seeks pleasure. Signup and view all the answers

What is intelligence?

The capacity for mental or intellectual achievement. Signup and view all the answers

What does the looking-glass self refer to?

The self-image developed from the ways others treat us. Signup and view all the answers

Define peer group.

A group whose members are about the same age and have similar interests. Signup and view all the answers

What is personality?

A stable configuration of feelings, attitudes, ideas, and behaviors. Signup and view all the answers

What is postconventional morality?

The practice of judging actions by considering conflicting norms. Signup and view all the answers

Define preconventional morality.

The practice of defining right and wrong based on the consequences of actions. Signup and view all the answers

What is resocialization?

The process of forcing people to abandon old selves and develop new ones. Signup and view all the answers

Who are significant others in Mead's terms?

People that have close ties to a child and exert strong influence. Signup and view all the answers

Define socialization.

The process by which a society transmits its cultural values. Signup and view all the answers

What is the superego according to Freud?

The moral part of personality, commonly known as conscience. Signup and view all the answers

What are total institutions?

Places where individuals are cut off from larger society and controlled by administration. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Key Terms in Socialization

Anticipatory Socialization: Prepares individuals to assume future roles; significant in personal development and role transition.
Aptitude: Refers to the natural ability or capacity for developing physical or social skills; essential for personal identity and skill acquisition.
Conventional Morality: A term by Kohlberg that describes moral reasoning based on social norms and motives behind actions; plays a role in ethical decision-making.
Developmental Socialization: Involves learning how to become more competent in current social roles; important for personal and professional growth.
Ego: Freud's concept representing the rational part of personality; mediates between desires and reality, facilitating logical decision-making.
Gender Identity: The societal expectations associated with one's sex; influences behavior, self-perception, and social interactions.
Generalized Others: Mead's term for broader societal influences outside of close relationships; important in the internalization of cultural values.
Id: Freud's concept for the irrational, pleasure-seeking part of personality; drives instincts and basic urges.
Intelligence: Encompasses mental capacities relevant for intellectual achievements; critical for learning and problem-solving.
Looking-Glass Self: Cooley's idea that self-image is shaped by perceptions of how others view us; highlights social interaction's role in identity formation.
Peer Group: Comprises individuals of similar age and interests; significant source of social influence and identity development during youth.
Personality: A stable combination of feelings, attitudes, and behaviors; crucial in defining individual differences and interactions.
Postconventional Morality: Kohlberg’s advanced level of moral reasoning, where individuals consider conflicting norms and values; reflects deeper ethical understanding.
Preconventional Morality: The initial stage of moral development according to Kohlberg, focused on consequences of actions; basic understanding of right and wrong.
Resocialization: Entails abandoning old identities and developing new ones; often occurs in new environments or situations demanding change.
Significant Others: Close individuals who strongly influence a child's development and socialization; vital in shaping personal values and behaviors.
Socialization: The overarching process through which societies transmit cultural values and norms; foundational for societal continuity and individual adaptation.
Superego: Freud's moral dimension of personality; represents the conscience and governs our ethical standards.
Total Institutions: Environments where individuals are isolated from society and closely regulated; examples include prisons and mental hospitals.

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Test your knowledge of key terms in Socialization with these flashcards from Chapter 3 of your sociology book. Each flashcard provides a definition for important concepts like anticipatory socialization and conventional morality, helping you prepare for your exam effectively.