Sociology Chapter 14 Flashcards

Marriage is a social contract traditionally based on a sexual relationship and signifies a permanent union.
Family is recognized as a socially accepted group united by blood, marriage, cohabitation, or adoption, providing emotional and economic support.
Family of orientation refers to the family into which an individual is born, while family of procreation is formed through marriage.

Cohabitation occurs when a couple lives together without being married.
Monogamy is characterized by being married to one person at a time.
Polygamy involves being married to multiple partners simultaneously, prevalent in certain societies.
Polygyny refers specifically to a man having multiple wives, whereas polyandry refers to a woman having multiple husbands.

Bigamy is the act of marrying another person while still legally married and is often considered a felony.
Bilateral descent traces ancestry through both maternal and paternal lines, common in the U.S.
Kinship can be constructed through blood, marriage, or adoption, establishing family connections.
Unilateral descent involves tracing lineage through only one parent, common in about 40% of world societies.

Patrilineal descent follows the male lineage, often associated with patriarchal societies where family names are passed through males.
Matrilineal descent follows the female lineage, with family name and ancestry traced through women.
Patrilocal residence implies that a wife lives with or near her husband's relatives, potentially creating social disconnect for the wife.
Matrilocal residence involves a husband living with his wife's family, which can lead to his social disconnection.

The family life cycle includes predictable stages families may undergo over time.
The family life course framework allows for flexibility in understanding family experiences as fluid rather than strictly sequential.
The nuclear family, including two parents and children, represented the traditional family model, but only 66% of children live in such structures today, a decline from previous decades.
Extended family structures encompass additional relatives living together, such as grandparents and cousins.

Intimate partner violence (IPV) refers to abuse between individuals in a romantic or sexual relationship, highlighting an important social issue within family dynamics.

Shaken-baby syndrome includes severe medical issues arising from forceful shaking of infants, emphasizing the vulnerability of children in family environments.