Socioekonomická geografie

Socioeconomic Geography Questions

• Anecumene, subekume, ekumene:

  • Anecumene: Uninhabited areas.
  • Subekume: Areas temporarily inhabited and used economically.
  • Ekume: Permanently inhabited and economically used areas.

• Urbanized Areas:

  • Areas with high population and infrastructure concentrations (metropolis, cities, suburbs, industrial and logistics zones).

• Modal Split:

  • Represents the division of transportation, the proportions of different transport types in a specific area and time. Evaluated individually for passenger and freight traffic.

• Quaternary Sector:

  • Science and research are included.

• EU Member States joined by Czech Republic:

  • Slovakia, Slovenia, Estonia, Hungary, Poland, Malta, Cyprus, Latvia, and Lithuania.

• 4th Industrial Revolution Goals:

  • Aiming to digitalize, automate, and connect production processes; improving efficiency, sustainability, and flexibility.

• Factors of Agricultural Production Location:

  • Natural conditions (climate, soil, water resources), socioeconomic factors (labor force, market, technology), and technical factors (infrastructure, accessibility, mechanisation).

• Chorocromatic Technique:

  • A technique for visualizing qualitative variation in a region using colors, where each color represents a specific property of a geographically relevant phenomenon.

• Second Homes:

  • Individual recreational properties; common in suburban and "recreational" river locations, and in mountainous areas. Close proximity(within 60 minutes) to large cities.

• West European Pentagon Cities:

  • London, Paris, Milan, Munich, and Hamburg.

• Transportation Nodes:

  • Important junctions where different transport routes converge. This leads to significant spatial reorganization in transportation.

• Investment Attractiveness Factors in Czech Republic (CR):

  • Political stability, economic stability, low input costs, and a skilled workforce.

• Council of Europe vs. European Council:

  • Council of Europe: Independent intergovernmental organization focused on human rights.
  • European Council: EU institution involved in policymaking and legislative coordination.

• Economic Integration Phases:

  • Free Trade Area: Removing tariffs and quotas between member states (e.g. NAFTA).
  • Customs Union: Common trade policies towards non-member states;
  • Common Market: Free movement of goods, services, capital, and labour between member states.
  • Economic and Monetary Union: Extending the common market with coordinated economic policies and a common currency.

• Zipf's Law:

  • Describes the hierarchical structure of settlements; the relationship between ranks and sizes of settlements. The second-largest city in an area will tend to be about half the size of the largest city.

• Suburban vs. Reurbanization:

  • Suburbanization: Spread of urban development into the countryside.
  • Reurbanization: Return of population to inner city areas, aiming to revitalize urban functions.

• Organizations where Czech Republic is a Member:

  • European Union (EU), North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), United Nations (UN), Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), World Trade Organization (WTO)

• Natural Population Change: Refers to births and deaths in a population.

• Mechanical Population Movement: Includes migration (seasonal, commuting, irregular), all processes connected with population movement.

• Tourism Issues in CR:

  • Seasonality, high tourist concentration, human resources, regional disparities, service quality.

• Isoline Concept:

  • Lines of equal value or phenomenon; used for mapping of distribution of phenomenon (isochrones).

• Selective Tourism Concepts:

  • Factors that stimulate tourism, the concept of demand-driven tourism, factors influenced by politics, location, culture and emotions

• Economic Strength/Level:

  • The level of economic development measured by macroeconomic indicators.
  • Economic capacity or strength.

• Quaternary/Quinary Sectors, (and differences):

  • The differences between the two are not explicitly listed. This is further investigation needed.

• Urban Sprawl: The expanding development of a metropolitan area into the surrounding countryside.

• De-urbanisation: Overall decline in city population and infrastructure.

• Public Services:

  • State-provided services targeting public needs; funded and administered by state entity.

• Blue Banana:

  • The region which involves the southern regions of Western Europe and the Benelux region of Belgium, Luxembourg and the Netherlands.

• NUTS/LAU:

  • Standardised system for dividing the EU for the purposes of region-based data.

• Tourism Factors: Groups of factors influencing the location and development of tourism. -(selective factors), (localizing factors), (realizing factors).

• Food Security:

  • Ability of a nation to produce enough food to supply internal need.

• Land-Use Categories:

  • Agricultural land, forests, residential areas

• Factors affecting the Location of Agriculture: Several factors determining the areas best suited for crop and animal production.