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Brunei is located north of Sudan.
Brunei is located north of Sudan.
False
Costa Rica is situated in Central America.
Costa Rica is situated in Central America.
True
Liberia is east of Côte d'Ivoire.
Liberia is east of Côte d'Ivoire.
False
Togo is located in West Africa.
Togo is located in West Africa.
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The Federated States of Micronesia is to the east of Gabon.
The Federated States of Micronesia is to the east of Gabon.
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Kenya is positioned directly on the equator.
Kenya is positioned directly on the equator.
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Colombia is located in Africa.
Colombia is located in Africa.
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Singapore is located near the equator.
Singapore is located near the equator.
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Labeling some students as 'gifted' can lead to different treatment from teachers.
Labeling some students as 'gifted' can lead to different treatment from teachers.
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The belief in racial academic superiority arises solely from individual opinions.
The belief in racial academic superiority arises solely from individual opinions.
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Students' performance can be influenced by supportive teachers.
Students' performance can be influenced by supportive teachers.
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Children in low-income communities usually benefit from smaller class sizes.
Children in low-income communities usually benefit from smaller class sizes.
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Social-conflict theory is relevant to understanding educational inequalities.
Social-conflict theory is relevant to understanding educational inequalities.
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Television shows have no impact on students' academic achievements.
Television shows have no impact on students' academic achievements.
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High-income communities typically lack advanced learning technology in classrooms.
High-income communities typically lack advanced learning technology in classrooms.
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The way teachers label students can influence how those students see themselves.
The way teachers label students can influence how those students see themselves.
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In Fall 2015, the percentage of Hispanic Americans enrolled in college was higher than that of African Americans.
In Fall 2015, the percentage of Hispanic Americans enrolled in college was higher than that of African Americans.
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62.6% of Asian Americans were enrolled in college in Fall 2015.
62.6% of Asian Americans were enrolled in college in Fall 2015.
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The learning objective related to health compares patterns in low- and high-income countries.
The learning objective related to health compares patterns in low- and high-income countries.
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According to the information, almost all parents do not desire their children to attend college.
According to the information, almost all parents do not desire their children to attend college.
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The learning objectives include applying sociology’s major theories to education and health.
The learning objectives include applying sociology’s major theories to education and health.
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In Fall 2015, the enrollment percentage for Non-Hispanic Whites was 36.6%.
In Fall 2015, the enrollment percentage for Non-Hispanic Whites was 36.6%.
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The percentage of individuals enrolled in college decreases as income levels decrease.
The percentage of individuals enrolled in college decreases as income levels decrease.
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The chapter discusses dropping out as one of the issues facing today's schools.
The chapter discusses dropping out as one of the issues facing today's schools.
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In fall 2015, 42 percent of white people aged eighteen to twenty-four in the United States were enrolled in college.
In fall 2015, 42 percent of white people aged eighteen to twenty-four in the United States were enrolled in college.
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A larger share of American Indians and Alaskan Native people were enrolled in college than Asian Americans in fall 2015.
A larger share of American Indians and Alaskan Native people were enrolled in college than Asian Americans in fall 2015.
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Lisa Addison was always confident about going to college while growing up.
Lisa Addison was always confident about going to college while growing up.
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Lisa Addison worked in the food service industry for fifteen years before deciding to return to school.
Lisa Addison worked in the food service industry for fifteen years before deciding to return to school.
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Lisa Addison plans to pursue a bachelor's degree after completing her associate's degree.
Lisa Addison plans to pursue a bachelor's degree after completing her associate's degree.
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The chapter focuses solely on education in the United States, without any global perspective.
The chapter focuses solely on education in the United States, without any global perspective.
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Lisa Addison was unsure about how to apply to college while in high school.
Lisa Addison was unsure about how to apply to college while in high school.
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Asian Americans have lower family income and less cultural capital regarding education compared to other groups.
Asian Americans have lower family income and less cultural capital regarding education compared to other groups.
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Private school students are enrolled in a religious institution.
Private school students are enrolled in a religious institution.
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Tracking in schools is used to meet each student’s individual abilities and interests.
Tracking in schools is used to meet each student’s individual abilities and interests.
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Students from disadvantaged backgrounds typically access the highest academic tracks.
Students from disadvantaged backgrounds typically access the highest academic tracks.
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Private schools are reported to have larger class sizes compared to public schools.
Private schools are reported to have larger class sizes compared to public schools.
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J.P. Saunders has been teaching for ten years and earns $56,000 a year.
J.P. Saunders has been teaching for ten years and earns $56,000 a year.
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Research indicates that students in private schools outperform those in public schools when controlling for social background.
Research indicates that students in private schools outperform those in public schools when controlling for social background.
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The concept of tracking has been criticized for creating inequalities within the education system.
The concept of tracking has been criticized for creating inequalities within the education system.
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Robert Tucker earns a salary of $56,000 a year.
Robert Tucker earns a salary of $56,000 a year.
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One-third of all college undergraduates in the United States are enrolled in community colleges.
One-third of all college undergraduates in the United States are enrolled in community colleges.
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The average SAT score of students from families earning more than $200,000 is lower than that of students from families earning less than $20,000.
The average SAT score of students from families earning more than $200,000 is lower than that of students from families earning less than $20,000.
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Community colleges significantly increase their enrollment during economic slumps.
Community colleges significantly increase their enrollment during economic slumps.
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A majority of community college students are first-generation college students.
A majority of community college students are first-generation college students.
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Approximately 47 percent of Hispanic undergraduates in the U.S. attend community colleges.
Approximately 47 percent of Hispanic undergraduates in the U.S. attend community colleges.
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Social-conflict theory suggests formal education generally enhances social equality.
Social-conflict theory suggests formal education generally enhances social equality.
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Community colleges attract a diverse population, including international students.
Community colleges attract a diverse population, including international students.
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Social inequality is not addressed by completing a college degree.
Social inequality is not addressed by completing a college degree.
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Study Notes
Chapter 15 Learning Objectives
- Compare schooling in high-, middle-, and low-income societies.
- Apply sociology's major theories to education.
- Discuss dropping out, school choice, and other issues facing today's schools.
- Contrast patterns of health in low- and high-income countries.
- Compare the medical systems in nations around the world.
- Apply sociology's major theories to health and medicine.
The Power of Society to Open the Door to College
- Enrollment in college varies across ethnic groups
- White Americans had a 41.8% college enrollment rate in 2015
- Asian Americans had a 62.6% college enrollment rate in 2015
- American Indians and Alaskan Natives had a 23% college enrollment rate in 2015
Schooling and Economic Development
- Schooling levels are tied to economic development
- In low- and middle-income countries, families and communities teach children important skills and knowledge. Formal schooling is mainly for wealthy people.
- The word school comes from a Greek root meaning "leisure".
- Ancient Greece had formal schooling for the wealthy.
- Ancient China also had formal structured teaching for the elite few.
Schooling in India
- Most Indian children complete primary school (96%).
- Crowded classrooms and limited teacher resources are common.
- Only a quarter of Indians can read and write.
- Societal gender roles typically place higher value on sons' education.
Schooling in Japan
- Historically, schooling was not widespread or mandatory.
- Today, Japan's education system is known for high standards.
- Rigorous exams are a major part of the system.
- Japanese students have high academic achievement.
Global Perspective
- Global Map 15-1 illustrates illiteracy levels around the world.
- Schooling levels are linked to economic development.
- Rates of illiteracy are often higher in low-income countries than high-income countries.
Schooling in the United States
- The US has a long history of mass education.
- By 1918, most states had mandatory education laws.
- Today, 89% of adults have completed high school and 33% have a college degree.
- American schools generally emphasize practical learning and training in work-related skills.
Schooling in various countries
- Patterns of education are shaped by national culture.
- Access to education is often determined by social and economic factors
Structural Functionalist Theory
- Focuses on how educational institutions contribute to societal stability
- Schools socialize students to societal norms and values.
- Schools teach knowledge and skills important for jobs and society.
- Educational institutions are important to social integration
Symbolic Interaction Theory
- Focuses on how people define reality (e.g. labels of intelligence)
- The self-fulfilling prophecy is key to how individuals see themselves and perform in school
- Teacher expectations can influence student performance
- Symbolically important aspects like classroom cultures and identity can affect perceptions of education.
Social Conflict Theory
- Examines how schooling creates and reproduces social inequality
- The educational system is often used to social control those from lower-income backgrounds
- Standard testing is often culturally biased impacting minority groups.
- Tracking (or segregation) of students can perpetuate these inequalities.
- Unequal distribution of education resources can be found in the US.
School Choice and related issues
- School choice (e.g., vouchers) aims to improve schools by creating competition
- Supporters believe competition improves education and offers families more choices
- Critics argue it can exacerbate inequality or undermine public funding
- The role of home schooling has risen due to concerns about public schools
Academic Standards and Grade Inflation
- Issues with declining standards, especially in math and science
- Debate around the quality of U.S. education
- Concerns about grade inflation
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Description
Test your knowledge on the geographical locations of various countries and the impacts of educational theories on student performance. This quiz delves into how geography and social structures influence education and student treatment. Explore concepts like labeling in education and the impact of socioeconomic status on academic achievement.
