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Socio-political Customs and Structures
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Socio-political Customs and Structures

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Questions and Answers

What happens to the inheritance if a married woman gives birth to a child outside of her marriage and her husband chooses to punish her?

  • The husband is obligated to support the child financially.
  • The child is considered legitimate and inherits from both parents. (correct)
  • The child is considered illegitimate and inherits nothing.
  • The child inherits everything from the husband.

    • How do adopted children inherit according to the customs described?

  • They only inherit if they have children of their own.
  • They inherit nothing from their adoptive parents.
  • They inherit the same as biological children.
  • They inherit double of the payment for their adoption. (correct)

    • What happens to the dowry if the husband is the one seeking a divorce?

  • Children receive the dowry in full from the wife.
  • The husband gets all of the dowry back.
  • The dowry is forfeited to the wife's relatives.
  • Half of the dowry is returned to the husband. (correct)

    • What is the consequence if a woman disagrees to marry the man and she has no living parents?

    <p>She returns the dowry to the man without penalties.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the general practice regarding dowry if a wife dies without any children?

    <p>The husband loses half of the dowry.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What condition is there for the return of dowry if the woman seeks a divorce but does not remarry?

    <p>Only the dowry is returned without additional payments.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what situation do tribes typically practice the dowry regulations mentioned?

    <p>When the wife dies and they have children.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when a couple fails to provide dowry as required?

    <p>They must pay a fine based on their fortune.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary way people can appeal a ruling in disputes?

    <p>By seeking arbiters from other tribes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Under what condition can a child of a witch be considered a slave?

    <p>If the harmed individual has not fully recovered</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to a debtor's obligations after they die?

    <p>Their children inherit the debt and must pay it</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What determines the distribution of inheritance among children?

    <p>Favoritism or specific parental decisions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What determines if a slave's children are entitled to inheritance?

    <p>If their father is a chief or with unanimous consent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are the dowries treated when a man has children with two wives?

    <p>Children divide their mother’s dowry</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term describes a person who must serve half of their time if freed by relatives?

    <p>Aliping Namamahay</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence for a child if their mother is a slave?

    <p>They cannot inherit anything</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who were the highest social class in the barangay system as identified by Juan de Plasencia?

    <p>Maharlika</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the role of the 'Datos' in the barangay structure?

    <p>They led the barangays.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which group of people were not typically related unless through agreements?

    <p>Barangays</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How was the lineage of children determined when a Maharlika married a slave?

    <p>Only odd-numbered children belong to the father.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens if a married person from one barangay moves to another without paying the fines imposed by theDatos?

    <p>They face potential war between barangays.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What were the two types of slaves mentioned in the barangay system?

    <p>Aliping Namamahay and Aliping Sagigilid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characteristic was notable about the treatment of slaves in the barangay system?

    <p>Treatment varied based on their type.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What led people to doubt the leadership of the chieftains?

    <p>Interference from religious figures.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the reasons people offer sacrifices mentioned in the content?

    <p>To recover a sick person</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How long does a celebration last if it is honored by people of rank in the barangay?

    <p>30 days</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs at the end of the girl's period as part of her cleansing ritual?

    <p>The priest takes her to the river for a bath</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of priest is the Catolonan?

    <p>A religious figure of notable honor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What power did the Manyisalat possess according to the content?

    <p>To cause illness through charms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the function of the soothsayer Pangatahojan?

    <p>To predict the future</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did the ancestors typically bury their dead?

    <p>Beside the house or under a small house for chiefs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was one of the roles of the Mangangauay?

    <p>To deceive by pretending to heal the sick</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following devils is described as one that emits fire at night?

    <p>Mancocolam</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role did animals play in the burial customs described?

    <p>They were used as rowers in the burial boat</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What belief do the Negritos hold regarding the afterlife?

    <p>Only morally virtuous people can enter MACA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the main purpose of the Magtatangal's role?

    <p>To appear headless to frighten others</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is CASANAAN according to Negrito beliefs?

    <p>The realm of eternal punishment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Socio-political Customs

    • Leadership Structure: Ancestors led by chiefs known as Datos, overseeing barangays, originating from balanghays (boats).
    • Barangay Composition: Barangays composed of families, relatives, and slaves, operating independently unless agreements were made.
    • Social Classes: Society categorized into three groups: nobles (Maharlika), commoners, and slaves; Maharlika were free-born warriors exempt from tax.
    • Dato's Authority: Dato had significant control; their commands required service and feasting from the barangay members.
    • Marriage Customs: Children from unions between Maharlika and slaves inherit according to their parent's status; first, second, third, and fifth children are free, while fourth and sixth are slaves.
    • Types of Slaves: Two categories exist - Aliping Namamahay (household slaves) and Aliping Sagigilid (field slaves); treatment and duties differ between the two.
    • Fines and Conflicts: Datos imposed fines for inter-barangay marriages, with amounts varying. Non-payment could spark conflicts or wars.
    • Judicial System: Disputes resolved publicly by the Dato; if deemed unfair, parties could seek arbitration from a neutral tribe.
    • Debt and Slavery: Slavery often used as a means to settle debts; children inherit parental debts if they die unpaid.
    • Inheritance Laws: Equal division of inheritance among legitimate children, with potential favoritism based on agreements; children of mixed unions had inheritance rights under specific conditions.
    • Adoption and Dowries: Adopted children receive double the payment; dowries facilitate marriages and are managed by parents or allocated to children upon their death.
    • Divorce Regulations: Dowries returned upon divorce; conditions for returns vary depending on who initiates the divorce and if children are involved.
    • Spiritual Practices: Various sacrifices made for health, success in ventures, and other life aspects; rituals include blessings for women during puberty.
    • Religious Leaders: Twelve types of priests existed, each with specific roles related to healing, witchcraft, and predicting the future.
    • Funeral Customs: The dead buried near their home, with chiefs receiving more elaborate burials; slaves honored the deceased with singing and feasting.
    • Negrito Beliefs: Differed from mainstream customs, believing in an afterlife where only virtuous individuals attain peace, contrasted by a suffering realm called Casanaan, governed by a demon named Sitan.

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    Description

    Explore the socio-political customs that shaped various leadership structures within barangays. Understand the roles of different social classes, especially the nobility and slaves, and the customs surrounding marriage and authority. This quiz delves into the complexities of early Philippine societies and their governance.

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