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Questions and Answers
What happens to the inheritance if a married woman gives birth to a child outside of her marriage and her husband chooses to punish her?
What happens to the inheritance if a married woman gives birth to a child outside of her marriage and her husband chooses to punish her?
- The husband is obligated to support the child financially.
- The child is considered legitimate and inherits from both parents. (correct)
- The child is considered illegitimate and inherits nothing.
- The child inherits everything from the husband.
How do adopted children inherit according to the customs described?
How do adopted children inherit according to the customs described?
- They only inherit if they have children of their own.
- They inherit nothing from their adoptive parents.
- They inherit the same as biological children.
- They inherit double of the payment for their adoption. (correct)
What happens to the dowry if the husband is the one seeking a divorce?
What happens to the dowry if the husband is the one seeking a divorce?
- Children receive the dowry in full from the wife.
- The husband gets all of the dowry back.
- The dowry is forfeited to the wife's relatives.
- Half of the dowry is returned to the husband. (correct)
What is the consequence if a woman disagrees to marry the man and she has no living parents?
What is the consequence if a woman disagrees to marry the man and she has no living parents?
What is the general practice regarding dowry if a wife dies without any children?
What is the general practice regarding dowry if a wife dies without any children?
What condition is there for the return of dowry if the woman seeks a divorce but does not remarry?
What condition is there for the return of dowry if the woman seeks a divorce but does not remarry?
In what situation do tribes typically practice the dowry regulations mentioned?
In what situation do tribes typically practice the dowry regulations mentioned?
What happens when a couple fails to provide dowry as required?
What happens when a couple fails to provide dowry as required?
What is the primary way people can appeal a ruling in disputes?
What is the primary way people can appeal a ruling in disputes?
Under what condition can a child of a witch be considered a slave?
Under what condition can a child of a witch be considered a slave?
What happens to a debtor's obligations after they die?
What happens to a debtor's obligations after they die?
What determines the distribution of inheritance among children?
What determines the distribution of inheritance among children?
What determines if a slave's children are entitled to inheritance?
What determines if a slave's children are entitled to inheritance?
How are the dowries treated when a man has children with two wives?
How are the dowries treated when a man has children with two wives?
What term describes a person who must serve half of their time if freed by relatives?
What term describes a person who must serve half of their time if freed by relatives?
What is the consequence for a child if their mother is a slave?
What is the consequence for a child if their mother is a slave?
Who were the highest social class in the barangay system as identified by Juan de Plasencia?
Who were the highest social class in the barangay system as identified by Juan de Plasencia?
What was the role of the 'Datos' in the barangay structure?
What was the role of the 'Datos' in the barangay structure?
Which group of people were not typically related unless through agreements?
Which group of people were not typically related unless through agreements?
How was the lineage of children determined when a Maharlika married a slave?
How was the lineage of children determined when a Maharlika married a slave?
What happens if a married person from one barangay moves to another without paying the fines imposed by theDatos?
What happens if a married person from one barangay moves to another without paying the fines imposed by theDatos?
What were the two types of slaves mentioned in the barangay system?
What were the two types of slaves mentioned in the barangay system?
What characteristic was notable about the treatment of slaves in the barangay system?
What characteristic was notable about the treatment of slaves in the barangay system?
What led people to doubt the leadership of the chieftains?
What led people to doubt the leadership of the chieftains?
What is one of the reasons people offer sacrifices mentioned in the content?
What is one of the reasons people offer sacrifices mentioned in the content?
How long does a celebration last if it is honored by people of rank in the barangay?
How long does a celebration last if it is honored by people of rank in the barangay?
What occurs at the end of the girl's period as part of her cleansing ritual?
What occurs at the end of the girl's period as part of her cleansing ritual?
What type of priest is the Catolonan?
What type of priest is the Catolonan?
What power did the Manyisalat possess according to the content?
What power did the Manyisalat possess according to the content?
What was the function of the soothsayer Pangatahojan?
What was the function of the soothsayer Pangatahojan?
How did the ancestors typically bury their dead?
How did the ancestors typically bury their dead?
What was one of the roles of the Mangangauay?
What was one of the roles of the Mangangauay?
Which of the following devils is described as one that emits fire at night?
Which of the following devils is described as one that emits fire at night?
What role did animals play in the burial customs described?
What role did animals play in the burial customs described?
What belief do the Negritos hold regarding the afterlife?
What belief do the Negritos hold regarding the afterlife?
What was the main purpose of the Magtatangal's role?
What was the main purpose of the Magtatangal's role?
What is CASANAAN according to Negrito beliefs?
What is CASANAAN according to Negrito beliefs?
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Study Notes
Socio-political Customs
- Leadership Structure: Ancestors led by chiefs known as Datos, overseeing barangays, originating from balanghays (boats).
- Barangay Composition: Barangays composed of families, relatives, and slaves, operating independently unless agreements were made.
- Social Classes: Society categorized into three groups: nobles (Maharlika), commoners, and slaves; Maharlika were free-born warriors exempt from tax.
- Dato's Authority: Dato had significant control; their commands required service and feasting from the barangay members.
- Marriage Customs: Children from unions between Maharlika and slaves inherit according to their parent's status; first, second, third, and fifth children are free, while fourth and sixth are slaves.
- Types of Slaves: Two categories exist - Aliping Namamahay (household slaves) and Aliping Sagigilid (field slaves); treatment and duties differ between the two.
- Fines and Conflicts: Datos imposed fines for inter-barangay marriages, with amounts varying. Non-payment could spark conflicts or wars.
- Judicial System: Disputes resolved publicly by the Dato; if deemed unfair, parties could seek arbitration from a neutral tribe.
- Debt and Slavery: Slavery often used as a means to settle debts; children inherit parental debts if they die unpaid.
- Inheritance Laws: Equal division of inheritance among legitimate children, with potential favoritism based on agreements; children of mixed unions had inheritance rights under specific conditions.
- Adoption and Dowries: Adopted children receive double the payment; dowries facilitate marriages and are managed by parents or allocated to children upon their death.
- Divorce Regulations: Dowries returned upon divorce; conditions for returns vary depending on who initiates the divorce and if children are involved.
- Spiritual Practices: Various sacrifices made for health, success in ventures, and other life aspects; rituals include blessings for women during puberty.
- Religious Leaders: Twelve types of priests existed, each with specific roles related to healing, witchcraft, and predicting the future.
- Funeral Customs: The dead buried near their home, with chiefs receiving more elaborate burials; slaves honored the deceased with singing and feasting.
- Negrito Beliefs: Differed from mainstream customs, believing in an afterlife where only virtuous individuals attain peace, contrasted by a suffering realm called Casanaan, governed by a demon named Sitan.
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