Socio-Cultural Psychology Research Group 2

Study Notes

Socio-Cultural Psychological Research

Explores the impact of social and cultural contexts on human behavior, thoughts, and emotions.
Essential for understanding complex behaviors in a globalized world.
Informs policies and interventions that respect diverse cultural perspectives.

Cultural Influence

Examines how cultural norms and values shape individual and group behavior.

Socialization

Studies how societal norms and values are learned through family, peers, and institutions.

Identity Formation

Investigates the role of cultural and social factors in developing personal and group identities.

Intergroup Relations

Focuses on dynamics between social groups, including prejudice, discrimination, and conflict.

Collective Behavior

Explores group behavior and the influence of social dynamics on decision-making.

Pagtawad: Haggling Behavior

Tawad, a Tagalog term, refers to requesting a discount or the discount itself.
Involves dialogue between buyer and seller, mainly in informal marketplaces.
Haggling is universal but varies in cultural circumstances.
Study aims to analyze haggling behavior among Filipino consumers, focusing on motivations and strategies.

Haggling Methods

Utilizes interviews with random participants at public markets (e.g., Divisoria, Talipapa).
Observational studies in tiangge (flea markets).

Haggling Results and Discussion

Seen as a venue for deception; participants often consult experienced hagglers.
Motivations include economic necessity and psychological satisfaction.
Environmental factors (location, item, seller) influence haggling decisions.
Engages a broad spectrum of customers, fostering personal connections.
Acts as a leisurely social pastime in high-context cultures like the Philippines.

Sumpong

Refers to a brief, impulsive departure from usual conduct in Filipino culture.
Considered transient and often insignificant, providing a means to defuse stress.
Reflects a tendency for indirect reactions to anger or displeasure.
Related concepts include:
- Baltik: More hostile, characterized by erratic bursts of anger.
- Tampo: Similar to sumpong but has an identifiable external trigger.

Haggling Behavior (Pagtawad)

"Pagtawad" is a significant economic bargaining practice among Filipino consumers.
Two indigenous research methods, "pagtatanong-tanong" (asking around) and "pagmamasid" (observing), were employed to analyze haggling behavior.
Haggling is characterized as an art of negotiation between buyers and sellers, involving the exchange of goods in markets.
Understanding the social psychology of haggling is crucial within the Filipino context and broader economic interactions.

Cultural Context of Haggling

Haggling reflects a universal behavior stemming from human economic nature, primarily the desire for efficiency at minimal cost.
The process of haggling can vary widely across cultures, necessitating the need for localized studies.
A dialogue illustrating a typical haggling scene in Filipino culture highlights common phrases and interactions during negotiations.

Language and Terminology

The Filipino term for haggling is "tawad," which has dual meanings; it refers to both the act of haggling (tawad) and the resulting discount or reduction (diskwento).
Definitions from Panganiban's dictionary underscore the nuanced meanings of "tawad":
- Tawad: Request for discount (the behavior of haggling).
- Diskwento: Discount granted as a result of haggling.

Motivations Behind Haggling

Economic factors drive haggling behavior, with consumers aiming to secure the best value for their money.
Respondents cited non-economic reasons for haggling, suggesting social or cultural influences may also play a role in this behavior.
The pursuit of discounts and frugality in a difficult economic climate fuels the practice of haggling among Filipino consumers.

Implications of Haggling

Haggling behaviors not only impact individual transactions but also reflect broader socioeconomic dynamics.
Studying local bargaining traditions helps to understand the underlying cultural values and behaviors associated with economic exchanges.

Description

This quiz explores the application of socio-cultural psychological research by Group 2 of BS Psychology 3A. Participants will engage with concepts related to how social and cultural contexts shape human behavior, thoughts, and emotions. Discover the significance of these insights in understanding complexities in human interactions.