Social Psychology Study Notes

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Questions and Answers

What aspect of Barbie's self-concept is influenced when she considers her relationships with her friends?

Her friendships (correct)

Ken's fitness as a mate

Her mortality

Different color options

Which of the following is a potential reason that Feldman-Barret's work on emotion is not widely included in social psychology textbooks?

Confirmation bias

Textbooks are slow to change

Authors lack expertise in the area

All of the above (correct)

What stage of genocide involves equating members of the outgroup with animals?

Degrading

Symbolization

Dehumanization (correct)

Denial

What are the three steps involved in determining the influence of others on performance?

Arousal, dominant response, and task difficulty Signup and view all the answers

When Tim exhibits disgraceful behavior through cyberbullying, what group dynamic does this exemplify?

Deindividuation Signup and view all the answers

What concept is illustrated by believing that your professor's interests confirm the stereotype you hold about professors being nerdy?

confirmation bias Signup and view all the answers

Bonnie's immediate dislike for lawyers upon learning about their profession is an example of which psychological concept?

prejudice Signup and view all the answers

The behavior of fans tearing up the field after their team loses demonstrates which group behavior phenomenon?

deindividuation Signup and view all the answers

Research suggests that group cohesiveness and performance are related in which circumstance?

when there is a strong leader present Signup and view all the answers

What type of role focuses on providing emotional support and maintaining group morale?

expressive Signup and view all the answers

What kind of social influence motivates Neve to wear a tuxedo to his brother's wedding?

normative social influence Signup and view all the answers

Whistleblowers facing harsh treatment from their group illustrates the power of which group dynamic?

norms Signup and view all the answers

According to Osborn's rules for brainstorming, what is a common finding about this practice?

it is typically an effective practice Signup and view all the answers

What type of social value orientation does Teddy have?

cooperative; competitive Signup and view all the answers

Chantal's decision to conform to her friends' expected outfit choices illustrates which behavior?

conformity Signup and view all the answers

Which scenario best exemplifies a superordinate goal?

Athletes who normally compete against each other are now on the same relay team Signup and view all the answers

Deborah's uncertainty about what to wear at the sorority's dining hall reflects her lack of understanding of which concept?

informal norm Signup and view all the answers

What behavior is Dr. Charles demonstrating towards his African American students?

discrimination Signup and view all the answers

In what kind of tasks do groups generally outperform individuals?

additive tasks, but not conjunctive tasks Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately describes participants' accuracy in group settings versus when they are alone?

Participants are more accurate alone than in groups. Signup and view all the answers

Arnold's preference for wearing nothing when at home indicates what about his behavior?

He resists social norms outside of work. Signup and view all the answers

What might happen to students' views on same-sex marriage if group polarization occurs during their discussion?

Students will be more strongly supportive of same-sex marriage after the discussion. Signup and view all the answers

What term describes negative feelings directed at individuals due to their group membership?

Prejudice Signup and view all the answers

In her group, Melanie is known for alleviating tension and offering emotional support. What role does she play?

Expressive Signup and view all the answers

Hendricks should be wary of what sign indicating groupthink during meetings?

Close-mindedness Signup and view all the answers

Which concept illustrates that people often pull harder when they think they are alone rather than in a group?

Social facilitation Signup and view all the answers

Groupthink is characterized by which of the following scenarios?

The need for agreement takes priority over obtaining correct information. Signup and view all the answers

Samantha's belief that all social psychology professors share certain positive traits is an example of what?

Stereotyping Signup and view all the answers

Leo's relaxed posture led other team members to imitate him. This behavior exemplifies which psychological tendency?

The chameleon effect Signup and view all the answers

Which study is similar to your response of 2,500 feet when asked how many feet are in a mile?

Asch (1951) Signup and view all the answers

Which strategy is least likely to yield high-quality ideas for a creative direct mail campaign?

Create 'nominal groups' and work independently. Signup and view all the answers

What pattern of results might indicate ageism in an implicit associations test measuring beliefs about older people?

Participants take longer to pair positive words with older names than younger ones. Signup and view all the answers

Which belief best epitomizes the outgroup homogeneity effect?

All individuals in the outgroup seem similar. Signup and view all the answers

What technique are the restaurant employees utilizing by giving out free samples?

Norm of reciprocity Signup and view all the answers

What reaction is expected from participants when primed with words related to old age in an implicit association test?

They show slower reaction times when categorizing elderly-sounding names. Signup and view all the answers

Which brainstorming method could enhance idea generation for the snowboard campaign?

Interactive electronic brainstorming sessions. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following reflects the contrast effect in social perception?

Judging a new acquaintance based on the contrasting traits of a recent interaction. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Participants perform tasks more accurately alone than in groups.
Participants' estimates on a task converge (become more similar) over time.
Cooperative social value orientation is characterized by a focus on group success and mutual benefit.
Competitive social value orientation prioritizes individual success over collective outcomes.
Conformity occurs when an individual's behavior aligns with that of a group, even if it conflicts with their own views.
Superordinate goals are shared objectives that require collaboration and cooperation between individuals or groups.
Informal roles are unwritten expectations about behavior within a group.
Formal roles are explicit and assigned positions with specific responsibilities.
Discrimination involves differential treatment based on group membership.
Additive tasks involve individual contributions being summed to achieve a group goal.
Conjunctive tasks require all members to succeed for the group to succeed.
Disjunctive tasks are completed when one member successfully achieves the goal.
Chameleon effect describes the unconscious tendency to mimic the behaviors of others.
Confirmation bias is the tendency to search for and interpret information that confirms existing beliefs.
Prejudice involves negative attitudes towards members of a group.
Deindividuation is the loss of self-awareness and personal responsibility in a group setting.
Groupthink occurs when a group's desire for harmony overrides critical thinking and leads to poor decisions.
Group polarization is the tendency for group discussion to strengthen pre-existing opinions.
Ingroup homogeneity effect is the tendency to perceive members of one's own group as more diverse than members of other groups.
Expressive roles focus on maintaining group morale and emotional well-being.
Instrumental roles are focused on achieving tasks and goals.
Normative social influence occurs when an individual conforms to avoid disapproval or gain acceptance from a group.
Osborn's rules for brainstorming suggest that it can be an effective practice, despite some common misconceptions.
Dominant response is the most likely or automatic response in a given situation.
Social loafing is the tendency for individuals to exert less effort when working in a group than when working alone.
Social facilitation is the tendency for the presence of others to enhance performance on simple tasks but impair performance on complex tasks.
Stereotyping is based on overgeneralized beliefs about a group.
Implicit Association Test (IAT) is a measure of implicit biases and attitudes.
Minimal group effect is the tendency for individuals to favor their own group, even when the group is arbitrary.
Door-in-the-face technique involves making a large request followed by a smaller, more reasonable request.
Norm of reciprocity is the social expectation that favors should be returned.
Self-concept is an individual's perception of themselves.
Confirmation bias refers to the tendency to favor information that confirms existing beliefs.
Dehumanization is a stage of genocide where outgroups are equated with animals, leading to further violence.
Attribution is the process of explaining the causes of behavior.
Social loafing is reduced effort in a group setting, leading to worse performance than individual work.
Social facilitation is increased arousal in the presence of others, leading to better performance on simple tasks and worse performance on complex tasks.
Bystander effect refers to the phenomenon where individuals are less likely to help in an emergency when other people are present.

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Description

This quiz covers key concepts in social psychology, focusing on group dynamics, social value orientations, and roles within groups. Understand how conformity, discrimination, and cooperative strategies influence behavior. Test your knowledge on the mechanisms behind social interactions and collective goals.