Social Psychology: Fundamental Attribution Error & Social Cognition
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Questions and Answers

What percentage of participants in the Milgram study administered all shocks?

  • 40%
  • 30%
  • 65% (correct)
  • 50%

In follow-up studies of the Milgram experiment, what percentage of participants obeyed when the researcher gave orders by phone?

  • 30%
  • 48%
  • 10%
  • 23% (correct)

What factor led to 40% obedience in the Milgram study when the learner and teacher were in the same room?

  • Conflicting authority figures
  • Place learner's hand on shock plate
  • Learner and teacher proximity (correct)
  • Orders given by phone

What was Milgram interested in regarding the conduct of Germans in Nazi death camps?

<p>The role of conformity in obedience (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of women participants showed obedience in the Milgram study?

<p>50% (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did Milgram suggest ordinary Americans could become agents of terrible destructive processes?

<p>By simply doing their jobs under certain circumstances (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why do individuals in individualistic cultures tend to focus on autonomy?

<p>To achieve success independently (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In social cognition, why is the Actor-Observer effect significant?

<p>It demonstrates the differences in situational and dispositional attributions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Nisbett et al. (1973), what is a key aspect of the Actor-Observer effect?

<p>Tendency to underestimate dispositional influences (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What leads individuals to make situational attributions for their own behavior according to the text?

<p>Awareness of contributing factors (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the Actor-Observer bias influence our understanding of behavior?

<p>By attributing others' behavior to dispositions and our own to situations (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common reason for underestimating the power of a situation as per the text?

<p>Lack of necessary information (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the affective component of the ABC model of attitudes refer to?

<p>How we feel toward something (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component of the ABC model of attitudes involves beliefs about something?

<p>Cognitive component (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the ABC model of attitudes, what does the behavioural component focus on?

<p>How we behave toward something (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of attitudes, what can shape attitudes according to the text?

<p>Our own thinking (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a way attitudes can develop early on?

<p>Vicarious learning (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the time spent thinking about something relate to attitudes according to the text?

<p>Time strengthens attitudes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the factors that can increase how well attitudes predict behavior?

<p>Attitude specificity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What factor can make attitudes predict behavior more accurately?

<p>Attitude strength (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of attitudes and behavior prediction, what does the term 'attitude strength' refer to?

<p>The intensity of attitudes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What procedure is mentioned in the text that leads people to believe that their truthfulness can be determined?

<p>Bogus Pipeline Procedure (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why may people misrepresent their attitudes according to the text?

<p>Due to Social Desirability Factor (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is suggested as a reason for the inability to predict behavior from stated attitudes?

<p>Social Desirability Factor (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What term describes the intensification of initial attitudes following discussions within a like-minded group?

<p>Group polarization (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a condition that sets the stage for groupthink?

<p>Insulation from outside influence (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the key factor that drives group polarization over time and isolation?

<p>Group cohesiveness (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which event is famously cited as an example of groupthink in action?

<p>Bay of Pigs Invasion (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What effect does groupthink have on a group's decision-making process?

<p>Leads to faulty decision-making (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does group polarization explain the strengthening of prejudices and political views?

<p>By intensifying existing opinions within like-minded groups (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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