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Social Psychology: Conformity and Obedience
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Social Psychology: Conformity and Obedience

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary reason for conformity due to normative influence?

  • Sense of responsibility
  • Believing others have more accurate information
  • Desire to be accepted and liked by others (correct)
  • Fear of punishment
  • In Asch's line judgment experiment, 75% of participants conformed to the incorrect majority answer.

    False

    What is the main factor that influences obedience in Milgram's obedience experiment?

    Legitimacy of the authority figure

    Moscovici's experiment in 1969 demonstrated that minority influence can lead to significant changes in ______________________ opinion.

    <p>majority</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Social norms are always written rules that govern behavior.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of unspoken peer pressure?

    <p>Indirect influence through social cues</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between descriptive and injunctive social norms?

    <p>Descriptive norms describe what most people do, while injunctive norms describe what most people think should be done.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following social influence concepts with their definitions:

    <p>Conformity = The tendency to change one's behavior or attitude to match the majority's opinion or behavior Obedience = The act of following orders or instructions from an authority figure Minority Influence = The process by which a minority group or individual influences the majority's opinions or behaviors Peer Pressure = The influence of individuals of similar age, status, or background on one's behavior or attitudes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Social Influence

    Conformity

    • The tendency to change one's behavior or attitude to match the majority's opinion or behavior
    • Can occur due to:
      • Normative influence (desire to be accepted and liked by others)
      • Informational influence (believing others have more accurate information)
    • Examples:
      • Asch's line judgment experiment (1951)
      • Solomon Asch's findings: 37% of participants conformed to the incorrect majority answer

    Obedience

    • The act of following orders or instructions from an authority figure
    • Factors that influence obedience:
      • Legitimacy of the authority figure
      • Proximity to the authority figure
      • Sense of responsibility
    • Examples:
      • Milgram's obedience experiment (1961)
      • Milgram's findings: 65% of participants delivered the maximum 450-volt shock

    Minority Influence

    • The process by which a minority group or individual influences the majority's opinions or behaviors
    • Characteristics of minority influence:
      • Consistency and persistence
      • Flexibility and adaptability
      • Commitment to the minority view
    • Examples:
      • Moscovici's blue-eyed/brown-eyed experiment (1969)
      • Moscovici's findings: minority influence can lead to significant changes in majority opinion

    Peer Pressure

    • The influence of individuals of similar age, status, or background on one's behavior or attitudes
    • Types of peer pressure:
      • Spoken (direct encouragement or persuasion)
      • Unspoken (indirect influence through social cues)
    • Examples:
      • Teenage smoking and drug use
      • Gang behavior and delinquency

    Social Norms

    • Unwritten rules that govern behavior in a particular group or society
    • Types of social norms:
      • Descriptive norms (what most people do)
      • Injunctive norms (what most people think should be done)
    • Examples:
      • Tipping customs in different countries
      • Dress codes in specific social settings

    Social Influence

    Conformity

    • Conformity is the tendency to change one's behavior or attitude to match the majority's opinion or behavior, often due to normative influence (desire to be accepted and liked by others) or informational influence (believing others have more accurate information).
    • Asch's line judgment experiment (1951) demonstrated conformity, where 37% of participants conformed to the incorrect majority answer.

    Obedience

    • Obedience is the act of following orders or instructions from an authority figure, influenced by factors such as legitimacy of the authority figure, proximity to the authority figure, and sense of responsibility.
    • Milgram's obedience experiment (1961) showed that 65% of participants delivered the maximum 450-volt shock, highlighting the power of obedience.

    Minority Influence

    • Minority influence occurs when a minority group or individual influences the majority's opinions or behaviors, often characterized by consistency and persistence, flexibility and adaptability, and commitment to the minority view.
    • Moscovici's blue-eyed/brown-eyed experiment (1969) demonstrated that minority influence can lead to significant changes in majority opinion.

    Peer Pressure

    • Peer pressure is the influence of individuals of similar age, status, or background on one's behavior or attitudes, which can be either spoken (direct encouragement or persuasion) or unspoken (indirect influence through social cues).
    • Examples of peer pressure include teenage smoking and drug use, as well as gang behavior and delinquency.

    Social Norms

    • Social norms are unwritten rules that govern behavior in a particular group or society, which can be descriptive (what most people do) or injunctive (what most people think should be done).
    • Examples of social norms include tipping customs in different countries and dress codes in specific social settings.

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    Description

    Explore the concepts of conformity and obedience in social psychology, including the factors that influence behavior and attitudes, and famous experiments like Asch's line judgment experiment.

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