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Questions and Answers
What does altruism entail?
What does altruism entail?
What is a common consequence of the bystander effect?
What is a common consequence of the bystander effect?
What defines groupthink in decision-making?
What defines groupthink in decision-making?
In Kurt Lewin's formula B = f (P, E), what does E represent?
In Kurt Lewin's formula B = f (P, E), what does E represent?
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What is social loafing?
What is social loafing?
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People are persuaded by the central route in the elaboration likelihood model when they _____________.
People are persuaded by the central route in the elaboration likelihood model when they _____________.
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The technique used when someone first makes a small request before a larger one is known as _____________.
The technique used when someone first makes a small request before a larger one is known as _____________.
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Groupthink is least likely to occur when _____________.
Groupthink is least likely to occur when _____________.
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In the Milgram experiment, what significantly reduced conformity pressures among participants?
In the Milgram experiment, what significantly reduced conformity pressures among participants?
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Asch studies demonstrated that _____________.
Asch studies demonstrated that _____________.
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What does the contact hypothesis suggest about changing views through personal interaction?
What does the contact hypothesis suggest about changing views through personal interaction?
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What is the main focus of the central route to persuasion?
What is the main focus of the central route to persuasion?
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How does attitude inoculation work to strengthen beliefs?
How does attitude inoculation work to strengthen beliefs?
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What psychological phenomenon does cognitive dissonance theory describe?
What psychological phenomenon does cognitive dissonance theory describe?
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Which strategy involves making a large request followed by a smaller one?
Which strategy involves making a large request followed by a smaller one?
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What does the identifiable victim effect suggest about humanitarian appeals?
What does the identifiable victim effect suggest about humanitarian appeals?
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What is a characteristic of the peripheral route to persuasion?
What is a characteristic of the peripheral route to persuasion?
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Why might Ahmed's strategy of distributing a list of immigration benefits be ineffective in persuasion?
Why might Ahmed's strategy of distributing a list of immigration benefits be ineffective in persuasion?
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What term describes the phenomenon where individuals feel less personal responsibility when more people are present?
What term describes the phenomenon where individuals feel less personal responsibility when more people are present?
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Which phenomenon occurs when people modify their speech patterns and physiology to match others in a conversation?
Which phenomenon occurs when people modify their speech patterns and physiology to match others in a conversation?
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Which term refers to the tendency to favor one’s own group and perceive it as superior to others?
Which term refers to the tendency to favor one’s own group and perceive it as superior to others?
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What is the contact hypothesis primarily concerned with overcoming?
What is the contact hypothesis primarily concerned with overcoming?
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Which of the following best defines self-serving biases?
Which of the following best defines self-serving biases?
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What is the fundamental attribution error (FAE)?
What is the fundamental attribution error (FAE)?
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Which model accounts for both unconscious and controlled processes in behavior?
Which model accounts for both unconscious and controlled processes in behavior?
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What does the term 'thin slices of behavior' refer to?
What does the term 'thin slices of behavior' refer to?
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What is described as the act of blaming an individual’s behavior on their traits rather than the situation they are in?
What is described as the act of blaming an individual’s behavior on their traits rather than the situation they are in?
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Which cognitive structure is characterized by beliefs about the traits of members in a social group?
Which cognitive structure is characterized by beliefs about the traits of members in a social group?
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Study Notes
Altruism
- Helping others without reward or expectation
Bystander Effect
- Individuals are less likely to help when others are present
- Fear of embarrassment or diffusion of responsibility
Diffusion of Responsibility
- Reduced feeling of personal responsibility in the presence of others
Groupthink
- Avoiding arguments and striving for agreement in group decisions
- A problem in decision-making
Informational Influence
- People feel the group is providing useful information
Mimicry
- Copying behaviours, displays and facial expressions of others
- Forms social bonds and promotes prosocial behaviour
Conformity
- Individuals adopting group behaviours
- Complex behaviours evolve to align with the group
Normative Influence
- Adopting group perspectives for acceptance, not rejection
Social Facilitation
- Performance affected by the presence of others
Social Loafing
- Reduced effort when working in a group
Social Norms
- Guidelines for behaviour in social contexts
Social Roles
- Guidelines for specific positions in a group
Ostracism
- Being ignored or excluded from social groups
Kurt Lewin's Theory
- Individuals and groups are influenced by restraining forces (obstacles) and driving forces (change)
- Formula: B = f (P, E); B = Behaviour, P = Person, E = Environment
Obedience
- Complying with instructions from authority figures
Contact Hypothesis
- Social contact between groups reduces prejudice
Dual-Process Models
- Behaviour explained by implicit and explicit processes
External Attribution
- Observer attributes behaviour to situational factors
False Consensus Effect
- Projecting self-concept onto the social world
Fundamental Attribution Error
- Overemphasizing internal factors when explaining others' behaviour
Implicit Processes
- Unconscious, automatic, effortless thoughts
- Fast and outside of conscious control
Ingroup Bias
- Favouring one's own group
Ingroups
- Groups with positive feelings toward
Outgroups
- Groups without positive identification; "other" groups
Person Perception
- Processes of categorizing and judging others
Prejudice
- Emotional responses to outgroups; negative attitudes
Self-Fulfilling Prophecies
- First impressions affect behaviour and confirm initial impressions
Self-Serving Bias
- Biased self-evaluation; enhancing positive self-evaluation
Stereotype
- Beliefs about group characteristics affecting information processing
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Description
Explore key concepts in social psychology, including altruism, bystander effect, and group dynamics. This quiz will challenge your understanding of how individuals behave in social settings and the influences on decision-making and group behavior.
