Psychology Chapter 1 Quiz & Flashcards on Behaviorism

Questions and Answers

Susan should conduct research in the area of ________.

social psychology

Functionalist psychologists focus on the function of behavior and ________.

the operation of the whole mind rather than the individual parts

Which area of psychology should Naghemeh work in?

counseling psychology

Edmund wants to conduct research in the area of ________.

personality Signup and view all the answers

Which theorist published research related to the psychology of personality?

Sigmund Freud Signup and view all the answers

Behaviorism focuses on making psychology an objective science by studying ________.

overt behavior and deemphasizing the importance of unobservable mental processes Signup and view all the answers

When studying personality traits, someone who is helpful, trusting, and empathetic will score high on the ________ trait.

agreeableness Signup and view all the answers

What refers to a broad explanation or group of explanations for some aspect of the natural world that is consistently supported by evidence over time?

scientific theory Signup and view all the answers

What is Abraham Maslow best known for?

proposing a hierarchy of human needs in motivating behavior Signup and view all the answers

A psychologist studying the phenomenon that a series of dots arranged in the shape of a face will be perceived as a face is applying the principles of ________.

Gestalt psychology Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a criticism of structuralism?

the process was highly subjective Signup and view all the answers

The empirical method of study is based on ________.

observation Signup and view all the answers

When studying personality traits, someone who is practical, conventional, and prefers routine will score low on the ________ trait.

openness Signup and view all the answers

Which kind of psychological area does the work of Jean Piaget exemplify?

developmental psychology Signup and view all the answers

When studying personality traits, someone who is hardworking, dependable, and organized will score high on the ________ trait.

conscientiousness Signup and view all the answers

Why is psychology considered a social science?

behavior is biological, and our behavior is influenced by our interactions with others Signup and view all the answers

Behaviorists study ________.

learned behavior Signup and view all the answers

When studying personality traits, someone who is quiet, reserved, and withdrawn will score low on the ________ trait.

extroversion Signup and view all the answers

Guillermo is engaged in ________.

introspection Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes Noam Chomsky?

an American linguist who influenced the cognitive revolution Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not involved in critical thinking?

knowing your opinion is correct Signup and view all the answers

What do structuralism, Gestalt psychology, and Sigmund Freud all have in common?

They were all concerned with describing and understanding the inner experience Signup and view all the answers

What area of psychology should Ashya work in?

clinical psychology Signup and view all the answers

For a scientific explanation to be testable, it must also be ________.

perceivable and measurable Signup and view all the answers

According to William James, the purpose of psychology was to ________.

study the function of behavior Signup and view all the answers

Psychoanalytic theory focuses on ________.

a person's unconscious mind Signup and view all the answers

________ is a perspective within psychology that emphasizes the potential for good that is innate to all humans.

humanism Signup and view all the answers

Cognitive psychology focuses on studying ________.

thoughts and their relationship to our experiences and our actions Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Studies prejudice, attraction, behavior explanations, and interpersonal conflict resolution.
Focuses on understanding how individuals interact within society.

Functionalism

Emphasizes the function of behavior rather than the individual parts of the mind.
Considers the overall operation of the mind.

Counseling Psychology

Concentrates on emotional, social, vocational, and health-related outcomes for psychologically healthy individuals.

Personality Psychology

Investigates consistent patterns of thought and behavior.
Measures traits to predict behavior in various contexts.

Sigmund Freud

Known for research on personality psychology and the development of psychoanalytic theory.

Behaviorism

Advocates making psychology an objective science.
Focuses on studying overt behavior while deemphasizing unobservable mental processes.

Personality Traits

Agreeableness: High scores indicate helpfulness, trust, and empathy.
Openness: Low scores suggest practicality and a preference for routine.
Conscientiousness: High scores reflect dependability and organization.
Extroversion: Low scores denote being quiet and reserved.

Scientific Concepts

A scientific theory is a broad explanation consistently supported by evidence over time.
The empirical method relies on direct observation.

Abraham Maslow

Known for proposing a hierarchy of human needs that motivate behavior.

Gestalt Psychology

Explains how we perceive patterns, like seeing a face in a dot arrangement.

Critiques in Psychology

Structuralism criticized for being highly subjective and reliant on individual perspective.

Developmental Psychology

Field exemplified by the work of Jean Piaget, focusing on cognitive development across the lifespan.

Psychology is classified as a social science due to the influence of social interactions on behavior.

Learned Behavior

Behaviorists focus on understanding behavior that is acquired through learning.

Introspection

Act of examining one's conscious experience, often used in early psychological approaches like structuralism.

Noam Chomsky

Influential American linguist whose work significantly impacted the cognitive revolution in psychology.

Critical Thinking

Involves questioning and reasoning; does not include the belief that one's opinion is always correct.

Inner Experience

Structuralism, Gestalt psychology, and Freud all aim to describe and understand internal thought processes.

Clinical Psychology

Focused on diagnosing and treating psychological disorders and maladaptive behavior patterns.

Testability in Science

A scientific explanation must be perceivable and measurable to be considered valid.

William James

Proposed that the purpose of psychology is to study the function and purpose of behavior.

Psychoanalytic Theory

Concentrates on the unconscious mind and the significance of early childhood experiences.

Humanism

A psychological perspective emphasizing the inherent potential for goodness in all individuals.

Cognitive Psychology

Studies the connections between thoughts, experiences, and actions, focusing on cognitive processes.

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Description

Test your knowledge of key concepts in social psychology with these flashcards. Covering topics such as prejudice, attraction, and behavior explanation, this quiz will help reinforce your understanding of the first chapter in Psych 102. Perfect for quick reviews or study sessions.

Psychology Chapter 1 Flashcards