Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the primary goal of an alternative social movement?
What is the primary goal of an alternative social movement?
- To achieve limited societal change across the entire society
- To achieve radical societal change across the entire society
- To achieve radical societal change
- To achieve limited societal change within a specific group (correct)
Which type of social movement aims to bring about radical changes to the entire social structure?
Which type of social movement aims to bring about radical changes to the entire social structure?
- Revolutionary social movement (correct)
- Alternative social movement
- Redemptive social movement
- Reformative social movement
The Value Added Theory suggests that social movements gain significance through a series of incremental stages.
The Value Added Theory suggests that social movements gain significance through a series of incremental stages.
True (A)
Which theory states that collective action arises when individuals with similar tendencies and ideas converge in the same place?
Which theory states that collective action arises when individuals with similar tendencies and ideas converge in the same place?
What is the key distinction between crowd collective action and mass collective action?
What is the key distinction between crowd collective action and mass collective action?
What is the main principle behind the social model of disability?
What is the main principle behind the social model of disability?
The biomedical model of disability focuses on the individual's biological or medical impairments as the source of the disability.
The biomedical model of disability focuses on the individual's biological or medical impairments as the source of the disability.
What does the term "sense of coherence" refer to in sociology?
What does the term "sense of coherence" refer to in sociology?
What is the central argument of Putnam's social capital theory?
What is the central argument of Putnam's social capital theory?
Which of the following activities is NOT considered a strong indicator of social capital?
Which of the following activities is NOT considered a strong indicator of social capital?
Social exclusion can be defined as the process of isolating individuals or groups from societal benefits and normal interactions.
Social exclusion can be defined as the process of isolating individuals or groups from societal benefits and normal interactions.
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic associated with post-2000 immigration in Canada?
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic associated with post-2000 immigration in Canada?
Social cohesion is considered a crucial factor for maintaining good health.
Social cohesion is considered a crucial factor for maintaining good health.
What is the primary impact of chronic stress on an individual's health?
What is the primary impact of chronic stress on an individual's health?
Which of the following is NOT considered a social determinant of health?
Which of the following is NOT considered a social determinant of health?
What does the cultural support theory propose regarding deviance?
What does the cultural support theory propose regarding deviance?
Status degradation refers to the formal process of assigning a deviant label to an individual.
Status degradation refers to the formal process of assigning a deviant label to an individual.
Which type of stigma is associated with visible or easily identifiable characteristics?
Which type of stigma is associated with visible or easily identifiable characteristics?
Discreditable stigma refers to a stigma that can be concealed or hidden from others.
Discreditable stigma refers to a stigma that can be concealed or hidden from others.
What is the key concept behind labelling theory?
What is the key concept behind labelling theory?
Which type of deviance refers to the initial act of deviance that does not necessarily impact the individual's identity?
Which type of deviance refers to the initial act of deviance that does not necessarily impact the individual's identity?
Secondary deviance refers to the adoption of a deviant identity as a result of being labeled as deviant.
Secondary deviance refers to the adoption of a deviant identity as a result of being labeled as deviant.
What is the key premise of Contemporary Critical Theory?
What is the key premise of Contemporary Critical Theory?
Conflict theory holds that those in power define what is considered deviant and have the means to enforce social control.
Conflict theory holds that those in power define what is considered deviant and have the means to enforce social control.
According to Marx, why do workers and the unemployed lack commitment to the existing social order?
According to Marx, why do workers and the unemployed lack commitment to the existing social order?
The Broken Window theory suggests that crime is more likely to occur in areas where social controls are weak or broken down.
The Broken Window theory suggests that crime is more likely to occur in areas where social controls are weak or broken down.
What is the central argument of the General theory of crime?
What is the central argument of the General theory of crime?
Which of the following personality traits is NOT associated with low self-control?
Which of the following personality traits is NOT associated with low self-control?
According to Hirschi, which of the following is NOT a factor contributing to delinquency?
According to Hirschi, which of the following is NOT a factor contributing to delinquency?
Which type of deviance involves individuals who reject societal goals but also lack the means to achieve them, often resorting to drug use or withdrawal from society?
Which type of deviance involves individuals who reject societal goals but also lack the means to achieve them, often resorting to drug use or withdrawal from society?
Strain theory argues that deviance increases when individuals are unable to achieve culturally defined goals through legitimate means.
Strain theory argues that deviance increases when individuals are unable to achieve culturally defined goals through legitimate means.
Structural functionalism views crime and deviance as a result of anomie, a state of normlessness where traditional societal norms and values weaken during rapid social change.
Structural functionalism views crime and deviance as a result of anomie, a state of normlessness where traditional societal norms and values weaken during rapid social change.
In Canada, homicides are more likely to involve victims who know their attacker and often involve drug-related issues.
In Canada, homicides are more likely to involve victims who know their attacker and often involve drug-related issues.
Which of the following is NOT a primary purpose of prisons?
Which of the following is NOT a primary purpose of prisons?
In Canada, men are significantly more likely to be involved in criminal activity than women.
In Canada, men are significantly more likely to be involved in criminal activity than women.
There is a strong correlation between social inequality and crime rates.
There is a strong correlation between social inequality and crime rates.
Which factor is NOT commonly cited as a possible explanation for the decline in criminal activity in recent years?
Which factor is NOT commonly cited as a possible explanation for the decline in criminal activity in recent years?
A crime is defined by both the act itself and the criminal intent behind it.
A crime is defined by both the act itself and the criminal intent behind it.
Which of the following is NOT a primary category of crime?
Which of the following is NOT a primary category of crime?
Flashcards
Alternative Social Movement
Alternative Social Movement
Seeks limited change, targeting a specific, narrow group.
Redemptive Social Movement
Redemptive Social Movement
Aims for larger change, focused on specific, problematic groups.
Reformative Social Movement
Reformative Social Movement
Seeks limited social change, affecting the whole of society.
Revolutionary Social Movement
Revolutionary Social Movement
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Value-Added Theory
Value-Added Theory
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Emergent Norm Theory
Emergent Norm Theory
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Contagion Theory
Contagion Theory
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Convergence Theory
Convergence Theory
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Crowd Collective Action
Crowd Collective Action
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Mass Collective Action
Mass Collective Action
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Collective Action
Collective Action
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Social Model of Disability
Social Model of Disability
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Biomedical Model
Biomedical Model
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Social Exclusion
Social Exclusion
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Social Capital
Social Capital
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Social Cohesion and Health
Social Cohesion and Health
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Social Determinants of Health
Social Determinants of Health
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Strain Theory (Merton)
Strain Theory (Merton)
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Study Notes
Social Movements and Collective Action
- Alternative social movements seek limited change affecting a small group.
- Redemptive social movements aim for radical change targeting particular groups.
- Reformative social movements seek limited societal changes impacting everyone.
- Revolutionary social movements aim to drastically restructure society.
- Value-added theory explains social movements as a series of incremental stages toward success.
- Emergent norm theory suggests new norms emerge in response to crises, driving collective action.
- Contagion theory highlights the influence of others' behavior on collective action.
- Convergence theory posits that shared beliefs and tendencies lead to collective action.
- Crowd collective action occurs when people are physically together.
- Mass collective action happens when people are united without physical proximity.
- Collective action involves group behavior deviating from social norms.
Disability and Social Inclusion
- Social model of disability views societal factors as the source of disability.
- Biomedical model attributes disability to individual impairments.
- Lack of "Sense of Coherence" implies life's comprehensibility, predictability, and resources for support.
Social Capital and Social Exclusion
- Putnam's social capital theory links a decline in social engagement with decreased political participation.
- Social capital represents the collective benefits of cooperation through trust, reciprocity, and mutual aid.
- Social capital trends include having 3+ close friends, helping someone last month, and having diverse friendships.
- Social exclusion involves a group's exclusion from typical social interaction and benefits.
- Post-2000 immigration introduced diverse racial, linguistic, and religious groups, exacerbating social inequalities.
Social Cohesion and Health
- Social cohesion positively impacts health, while lack of it may lead to unhealthy coping mechanisms.
- Chronic stress leads to higher cortisol levels, impacting mental health, blood pressure, and immunity.
- Social determinants of health encompass factors like stress, social cohesion, social capital, sense of coherence, and the social model of disability.
Deviance and Social Control
- Cultural support theory (Cohen/Sutherland) links cultural beliefs and social learning to deviant behavior.
- Status degradation rituals assign deviant status, like the courtroom trial.
- Discredited stigma involves visible deviance (physical disability).
- Discreditable stigma involves concealable deviance (mental illness).
- Labeling theory highlights how labels impact deviant identities and amplify deviance.
- Primary deviance is an initial act of deviance without identity change.
- Secondary deviance is the adoption of a deviant identity.
- Contemporary critical theory emphasizes how power influences surveillance.
- Conflict theory argues that those in power define and control deviance.
- Marx's view connects worker discontent with the exploitative nature of the social system.
- Broken windows theory connects crime to weak social controls and rapid normalization of deviance.
- General theory of crime links low self-control to criminal activity (selfishness, risk-taking, impulsiveness).
- Hirschi's explanation for delinquency focuses on weak bonds to parents, conformity, involvement, and values.
- Merton's strain theory explores deviance arising from limited legitimate paths to goals.
- Structural functionalism links deviance to "anomie" (normlessness) during social change.
Crime and Punishment
- Homicide trends in Canada involve men, victims knowing perpetrators, and drug involvement.
- Four general purposes of prison are retribution, incapacitation, deterrence, and rehabilitation.
- Criminality demographics show male predominance, youthful involvement, racial/ethnic disparities, and class correlations.
- Factors for declining criminal activity include aging population, increased surveillance, reduced lead in gasoline, and more.
- Crime components are the act itself and criminal intent.
- Crime types are violent, property, and victimless.
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