Questions and Answers
What is the idea behind social learning theory?
Learning through observation.
What is modelling?
Learning by observing and imitating someone else's behaviour.
What are role models?
The people who we observe and imitate.
What did Mineka and Cook find?
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What are the 4 basic processes needed for learning to occur?
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What does 'attention' mean in the context of social learning theory?
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What does 'retention' mean in the context of social learning theory?
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What is meant by 'reproduction' in social learning theory?
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What is motivation in social learning theory?
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What is self-efficacy?
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How do you get reproduction of the behaviour?
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What are the strengths of social learning theory?
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How has social learning theory contributed to psychology?
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What side does social learning theory take on the nature and nurture development?
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Study Notes
Social Learning Theory Overview
- Social learning theory posits that learning occurs through observation, imitation, and copying behaviors of others.
- Influences from both humans and animals suggest that environmental factors play a significant role in the learning process.
Modelling and Role Models
- Modelling involves learning by observing and imitating someone else's behavior.
- Role models are individuals we observe and strive to imitate, shaping our behaviors and attitudes.
Research Insights
- Mineka and Cook's research with captive rhesus monkeys demonstrated that monkeys developed fear of snakes after observing fearful reactions from wild monkeys, highlighting observational learning.
Four Basic Processes of Learning
- Attention: Requires focus on the role model; influenced by the behavior's distinctiveness and the observer’s characteristics, such as age and similarity to the model.
- Retention: Involves storing observed behavior in mental images or verbal descriptors for later recall.
- Reproduction: The ability to reproduce observed behaviors, affected by physical capability and self-observation.
- Motivation: Incentives play a vital role in behavior reproduction; can arise from intrinsic satisfaction or extrinsic rewards, such as recognition or prizes.
Self-Efficacy
- Self-efficacy reflects an individual's confidence in their ability to execute behaviors required for desired outcomes.
- High self-efficacy is essential for successful reproduction of observed behavior.
Strengths of the Theory
- Emphasizes scientific methods and laboratory settings, contributing to reliability and cause-and-effect considerations.
- Acknowledges cognitive and motivational factors influencing behavior, integrating individual differences.
Contributions to Psychology
- Social learning theory has significantly influenced the understanding of aggression, gender development, and therapy approaches for phobias.
- Modelling-based therapies utilize observation to teach new behaviors, particularly effective for individuals hesitant about direct conditioning methods.
Nature vs. Nurture Debate
- Social learning theory aligns with the nurture side, emphasizing environmental influences on behavior.
- Notes similarities in gender preferences for attractiveness, suggesting learned behaviors but also hints at evolutionary influences.
- Highlights limitations concerning biological factors and free will in shaping behavior.
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Description
Dive into the concepts of social learning theory with these flashcards. Each card presents key ideas like modeling, observation, and role models, enhancing your understanding of how we learn from those around us. Perfect for students and educators alike!
