Social Influence and Change
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Questions and Answers

What factor is crucial for minorities to influence social change?

  • Flexibility
  • Lack of commitment
  • Inconsistency
  • Consistency (correct)
  • The consistency of minorities in real life is greater than in research settings.

    False (B)

    What was the primary goal of the suffragettes?

    To obtain women's right to vote

    Minorities are more effective if they are consistent, ____________, and ____________.

    <p>committed, flexible</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What change in societal views is discussed in the context of social influence?

    <p>Views on homosexuality (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following factors with their descriptions regarding minority influence:

    <p>Consistency = Keeps the message clear and persistent Commitment = Demonstrates dedication to the cause Flexibility = Allows adaptation to better fit arguments Social proof = People follow the example of others</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What significant law changes occurred regarding homosexuality in the UK in recent decades?

    <p>Legalization of same-sex marriage and adoption rights</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Two-thirds of the British public supported same-sex relationships thirty years ago.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What significant social change regarding homosexuality occurred between 1973 and now?

    <p>Gay marriage was legalized. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Nelson Mandela was imprisoned for 26 years for advocating apartheid policies.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was Rosa Parks known for in relation to the civil rights movement?

    <p>Refusing to give up her seat on a bus.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The social influence process in which a minority group leads to change in attitudes is known as ______.

    <p>minority influence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the historical figures with the social changes they initiated:

    <p>Nelson Mandela = Ended apartheid in South Africa Rosa Parks = Civil Rights movement Emily Davison = Suffrage rights for women Emmeline Pankhurst = Women's voting rights</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor is NOT considered to influence social change?

    <p>Social media presence (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The snowball effect occurs when a small action leads to greater social change over time.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What policy did Nelson Mandela pursue to promote reconciliation?

    <p>A policy allowing apartheid victims to discuss treatment publicly.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did the Women’s Social and Political Union (WSPU) primarily fight for?

    <p>Equal rights and women's suffrage (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Representation of the People Act was passed in 1928.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a dispositional factor that can influence social change?

    <p>Internal locus of control</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If minorities demonstrate their ability to listen to opposing views, this signals to the majority that they are prepared to __________.

    <p>compromise</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following social change concepts with their descriptions:

    <p>Internal locus of control = Ability to trigger change by challenging norms Snowball effect = Minority gaining support until it becomes majority Consistency of the minority = More likely influence when message is stable Commitment of the minority = Demonstrated by vivid actions like protests</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best represents social crypto-amnesia?

    <p>Recalling a past minority position as if it was always a majority (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Demonstrating commitment through a boycott or strike can help minorities convince the majority.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the flexibility of a minority influence social change?

    <p>It allows them to adapt views in response to opposition, making them more convincing.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    Social Change

    Significant alterations in societal views, attitudes, and behaviors over time.

    Internal Locus of Control

    The belief that individuals can control their own outcomes and life events.

    Minority Influence

    The ability of a smaller group to affect the opinions of a larger group.

    Commitment in Minority Influence

    The steadfastness and dedication shown by minority group members.

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    Snowball Effect

    The process where a small change leads to larger consequences over time.

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    Nelson Mandela

    Anti-apartheid leader whose imprisonment highlighted the fight for equality in South Africa.

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    Rosa Parks

    Civil rights activist whose refusal to give up her bus seat sparked the Montgomery Bus Boycott.

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    Suffragettes

    Women’s rights activists fighting for voting rights in the early 20th century.

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    Ecological Validity

    The extent to which research findings can be generalized to real-life settings.

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    Consistency

    The steadfastness of a minority's position over time, fostering influence.

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    Commitment

    A minority's dedication to their cause, increasing their persuasiveness.

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    Flexibility

    The ability of minorities to adapt their viewpoints, enhancing their impact.

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    Changing Views on Homosexuality

    The shift in public opinion towards accepting same-sex relationships in the UK.

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    WSPU

    Women’s Social and Political Union, fought for women's voting rights.

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    Representation of the People Act 1918

    Legislation granting voting rights to women over 30.

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    Consistency of the minority

    Minority groups can provoke social change if they are consistent.

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    Commitment of the minority

    Demonstrating strong dedication can persuade the majority.

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    Flexibility of the minority

    Minorities can influence by adapting views to dialogue.

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    Social crypto-amnesia

    The majority forgets that a concept was once minority-held.

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    Study Notes

    Social Influence Processes in Social Change

    • Social change is the alteration of views, attitudes, and behaviors within a society over time.
    • Understanding social influence processes helps explain how societies change.
    • The goal of the section is to apply social influence theories to explain real-life social change examples.

    Examples of Real-Life Social Change

    • Attitudes towards homosexuality have significantly changed over the past 30 years, with increasing acceptance of same-sex relationships.
    • Homosexuality was previously classified as a mental illness in the DSM until 1973.
    • Gay marriage has been legalized in many countries.

    Goal of the Section

    • Describe the role of social influence processes in social change.
    • Apply social influence theories to explain past social changes.
    • Key topics to consider: internal locus of control, minority influence and the "snowball effect."

    Nelson Mandela's Imprisonment

    • Imprisonment of Nelson Mandela initiated changes after apartheid.
    • These changes led to a diverse society with equal rights for all citizens and the right to reclaim stolen land.
    • Reconciliation efforts were also focused on.

    Rosa Parks and the Civil Rights Movement

    • Rosa Parks' refusal to give up her seat on a bus inspired a Montgomery bus boycott.
    • This initiated the civil rights movement.
    • Her act symbolized defiance and became a prominent symbol of the movement.

    Suffragettes and the Women's Right to Vote

    • Emily Davison and Emmeline Pankhurst were members of the Women's Social and Political Union (WSPU).
    • They fought for women's suffrage and equal rights, including women's representation.
    • In 1918, women over 30 gained the right to vote in the UK.
    • By 1928, the voting age for women was lowered to 21.

    Dispositional Factors Influencing Social Change

    • Individuals with high internal locus of control can trigger social change by challenging societal expectations and viewpoints.
    • Examples of this could include refusing to conform to norms or taking a stance against social injustice.

    Situational Factors Influencing Social Change

    • Specific situational factors can be vital contributors in social change.

    Consistency of the Minority

    • Consistent messages from minorities increase the likelihood of social change.

    Commitment of the Minority

    • Demonstrating commitment through actions like strikes or personal sacrifices can convince the majority.

    Flexibility of the Minority

    • Showing willingness to adapt their views while maintaining consistency can signal openness to compromise.

    The Snowball Effect and Minority Influence

    • The snowball effect illustrates how a minority position gains increasing support, eventually becoming the majority view.
    • This "forgetting" is social cryptoamnesia.

    Evaluation Task

    • Evaluate the influence of social processes on social change using previously learned concepts and a PEE structure.

    Moscovici's Research on Minority Influence

    • Moscovici's research showed that minority influence, specifically consistency, can be more impactful than inconsistency.
    • The research measured this in a slide color task.

    Ecological Validity of Moscovici's Study

    • The minimal ecological validity of Moscovici's research suggests that the consistency of minorities may differ in real-life scenarios.

    Real-Life Examples of Minority Influence

    • The suffragettes' consistent campaign for women's right to vote eventually led to social change.

    Article on Changing Views on Homosexuality

    • A newspaper article highlighted the significant shift in British views on homosexuality in recent decades.
    • A dramatic change in public opinion had occurred, moving from near universal opposition to widespread acceptance.

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    Description

    This quiz explores the dynamics of social influence processes in driving social change. It delves into real-life examples, such as the evolving attitudes towards homosexuality and the legacy of Nelson Mandela. Participants will examine key theories and concepts to understand the mechanisms behind societal transformations.

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