Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following best describes social determinants of health?
Which of the following best describes social determinants of health?
- Healthcare quality as the primary factor determining health outcomes.
- Environmental hazards that affect health irrespective of social factors.
- Only genetic factors influencing individual health outcomes.
- External social and economic influences affecting healthcare access. (correct)
Which model includes the interrelationship between host, agent, and environment?
Which model includes the interrelationship between host, agent, and environment?
- Social Health Model
- Epidemiology Triangle (correct)
- Behavioral Health Model
- Predictive Health Model
What is the primary focus of the Healthy People Initiative?
What is the primary focus of the Healthy People Initiative?
- Improvement of global health through international policies.
- Reduction of healthcare costs across all demographics.
- Health equity and reduction of chronic diseases. (correct)
- Maximizing individual health through personal responsibility.
Which type of immunity relies on naturally acquired illness or vaccination?
Which type of immunity relies on naturally acquired illness or vaccination?
What does the Chain of Transmission model illustrate?
What does the Chain of Transmission model illustrate?
Which prevention level focuses strictly on preventing disease before it occurs?
Which prevention level focuses strictly on preventing disease before it occurs?
Which factor is NOT typically considered a social determinant of health?
Which factor is NOT typically considered a social determinant of health?
What does the term 'herd immunity' refer to?
What does the term 'herd immunity' refer to?
What is the main focus of secondary prevention in nursing activities?
What is the main focus of secondary prevention in nursing activities?
Which nursing figure is associated with the foundation of modern nursing and sanitation reform?
Which nursing figure is associated with the foundation of modern nursing and sanitation reform?
What does 'upstream prevention' primarily focus on in public health?
What does 'upstream prevention' primarily focus on in public health?
Which of the following best describes prevalence in the context of public health?
Which of the following best describes prevalence in the context of public health?
In community nursing, which of the following is typically a usual setting for practice?
In community nursing, which of the following is typically a usual setting for practice?
Lilian Wald is best known for her contributions to which aspect of public health?
Lilian Wald is best known for her contributions to which aspect of public health?
What is the primary purpose of conducting a windshield survey in public health?
What is the primary purpose of conducting a windshield survey in public health?
Which of the following represents a characteristic of an endemic disease?
Which of the following represents a characteristic of an endemic disease?
Flashcards
Windshield Survey
Windshield Survey
The study of the health of a community by driving around to assess its safety, health, and living conditions.
Aggregate Population
Aggregate Population
A population within a specific community, like Wilton Manors and its LGBTQ+ population.
Retrospective Study
Retrospective Study
Looking back in time to analyze patterns or outcomes of past events.
Florence Nightingale
Florence Nightingale
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Lilian Wald
Lilian Wald
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Epidemic
Epidemic
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Endemic
Endemic
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Prevalence
Prevalence
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Determinants of Health
Determinants of Health
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Social Determinants of Health
Social Determinants of Health
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Environmental Health
Environmental Health
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Chain of Transmission
Chain of Transmission
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Epidemiology Triangle
Epidemiology Triangle
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Active Immunity
Active Immunity
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Herd Immunity
Herd Immunity
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Primary Prevention
Primary Prevention
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Study Notes
Social Determinants and Environmental Health
- Social determinants of health include social and economic factors influencing healthcare access, impacting how people are born, grow, and age
- Environmental health considers pollution, climate change, and toxins
- Determinants of health encompass social, environmental, economic factors, genetics, transportation, and lifestyle
- Indicators of health include life expectancy, illness rates, mortality rates, and access to healthcare
- Healthy People Initiative aims for health equity and reducing chronic diseases
- Healthy People 2020 aimed to increase life expectancies, improve quality of life, and reduce health disparities.
- Healthy People 2030 prioritizes health equity, health literacy, and social determinants of health.
- Levels of prevention include primary (preventing disease), secondary (early detection), and tertiary (managing post-diagnosis)
Epidemiology and Communicable Diseases
- Epidemiological models analyze the factors causing disease progression and its understanding
- Chain of transmission outlines infectious agent, reservoir, mode of transmission, port of entry, and susceptible host
- Epidemiology Triangle emphasizes the interplay between host, agent, and environment
- Immunity types include active (natural illness or vaccination) and passive (maternal antibodies or blood transfusions)
- Herd immunity protects individuals through others' immunity within a population
- Immunization schedules are reviewed for various diseases like Haemophilus influenza type B (HIB), and infections like influenza and pneumococcal pneumonia.
Public Health Focus
- Historical Public Health focused predominantly on infectious diseases and sanitation
- Modern Public Health emphasizes chronic diseases prevention, and health disparities
- Retrospective study method analyzes patterns and outcomes from the past
- Florence Nightingale was a key figure in modern nursing, emphasizing sanitation and hospital reform
- Lillian Wald contributed to nursing and social work, founding the Henry Street Settlement and advocating for visiting nurses, school nurses, and home health care.
- Community assessment involves gathering data to understand trends, resources, and health needs of communities
- Community Nursing aims to promote health and well-being within communities, conducting interventions in various settings like public health departments, community clinics, schools, and home health
- Endemic illnesses are constantly present in a particular region, e.g., malaria in Africa
- Epidemics represent a sudden increase in disease occurrences within a particular geographical area.
- Pandemics are a global spread of disease
Transtheoretical Model (Stages of Behavior Change)
- Transtheoretical Model explains how behaviors change, useful in modifying behavior
- Six stages of behavior change include precontemplation (no intention), contemplation (aware of need), preparation (making plans and committing to changing a behavior) action (implementing intended behavioral modifications), maintenance (sustaining change), and termination (failing to maintain the intended behavior change)
Health Belief Model
- Health Belief Model explains and predicts health-related behaviors, highlighting how individuals perceive risks.
- Background, perceptions (susceptibility, severity), expectations (benefits and barriers), and action represent interconnected parts of the model
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