Questions and Answers
What is 'Two Treatises of Government' about?
What is a social contract?
An agreement between people of a society to abide by laws and accept punishment.
Hobbes's state of nature posits that humans are inherently good.
False
Locke's state of nature suggests that humans are inherently good.
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What are inalienable rights?
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What does popular sovereignty mean?
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Study Notes
Two Treatises of Government
- Authored by John Locke, a foundational text influencing political philosophy.
- Emphasizes the concepts of separation of powers and social contract theory.
Social Contract
- Originated from Socrates, proposing an agreement among citizens to obey laws.
- Individuals sacrifice some personal liberty for greater societal protection and order.
Hobbes's State of Nature
- Thomas Hobbes posits that humans are inherently evil and self-serving.
- Laws are essential to prevent chaos and violence; this condition is seen as the worst humanity can experience.
Locke's State of Nature
- John Locke argues humans are inherently good and rational.
- Laws exist to safeguard inalienable rights such as life, liberty, and property, representing an ideal state of existence.
Inalienable Rights
- Rights that cannot be surrendered or transferred; fundamental to human dignity.
- The formation of governments is necessary to protect these rights effectively.
Popular Sovereignty
- Concept that government power originates from the consent of the governed, not divinely ordained.
- Emphasizes the necessity of public involvement and representation in governing processes.
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Description
Explore key concepts from social contract theory through these flashcards. Delve into the ideas presented by influential philosophers like John Locke and Socrates. Ideal for students and enthusiasts wanting to understand the foundations of political philosophy.
