36 Questions
What is the primary characteristic of cults?
Gradual indoctrination of new members
What social phenomenon refers to the tendency of people to alter their behavior as a result of group pressure?
Conformity
Why does the Fundamental Attribution Error occur?
It involves overestimating dispositional influences on others
What does the Inoculation Effect refer to?
Approach to convincing people by debunking reasons for a perspective first introduced
In Solomon Asch's conformity studies, what percentage of participants conformed to the incorrect norm on at least 12 trials?
75%
Which situation increases the odds of violence through observational learning?
Media influences
What is true about attitudes according to the text?
Attitudes are more likely to predict behavior when they come to mind easily
What social phenomenon involves engaging in uncharacteristic behavior when stripped of one's usual identity?
Deindividuation
Which factor can increase conformity according to social influence studies?
Consensus among group members
What is the Ultimate Attribution Error related to?
Stereotypes
Which route to persuasion involves evaluating merits thoughtfully?
Central Route
What can lower conformity according to social influence studies?
Differences in Conformity
When attributing failure on a test, what does the Fundamental Attribution Error tend to do?
"Make it internal for ourselves and external for others"
What does the Scapegoat Hypothesis suggest?
Discrimination arises from blaming others for misfortunes
"Asian cultures are more likely to conform" represents which explanation of differences in conformity?
"Ethnicity-based conformity tendencies"
How does 'Self Perception Theory' explain attitude formation?
'Self Perception Theory' states that attitudes are acquired by observing our behaviors
What is an example of prosocial behavior?
Displaying behavior intended to help others
"Promote Groupthink" by fostering loyalty is an example associated with which social phenomenon?
"Groupthink"
What is the main characteristic of aggression situational influences?
Physical or verbal aggression towards provoking individuals
"No sex differences" in conformity implies what about the likelihood of conforming based on gender?
"Equal conformity among males and females"
What is the term used to describe the tendency to overestimate the impact of dispositional influence on other people's behavior?
Fundamental Attribution Error
In Solomon Asch's conformity studies, what percentage of participants conformed to the incorrect norm on at least 12 trials?
75 percent
Which factor can increase conformity according to social influence studies?
Large group size
What does upward social comparison involve according to the text?
Comparing oneself to someone of higher status
What characteristic does deindividuation involve?
Unusual behavior under normal identity
How does Asian culture relate to conformity according to the text?
Increases likelihood to conform
What can lower conformity according to social influence studies?
'No sex differences' statement
'Low self-esteem makes you more likely to conform' is related to which aspect of conformity differences?
'Differences in Conformity'
'Promote Groupthink' by fostering loyalty is associated with which social phenomenon?
'Groupthink'
What is the Adaptive Conservatism principle?
An evolutionary principle that predisposes individuals to distrust unfamiliar or different things
Which theory explains that attitudes are acquired by observing one's behaviors?
Self Perception Theory
'Humans display both prosocial and antisocial behavior' - Which of the following factors can influence which behavior is displayed?
Situational factors
What is the In-Group Bias phenomenon characterized by?
Tendency to favor individuals in our own group
'Prejudice arises from a need to blame other groups for our misfortunes' - What hypothesis does this statement refer to?
Scapegoat Hypothesis
'Impression Management Theory' suggests that individuals:
Do not change their attitudes but report doing so for consistency in behavior
'Aggression Cues serve as stimuli for increasing aggressiveness' - Which of the following is an example of an aggression cue mentioned in the text?
Guns and knives
Explore the concepts of social comparison, where individuals evaluate themselves by comparing with others, and the fundamental attribution error, which involves overestimating dispositional influences on others' behavior. Understand how these psychological phenomena impact self-concept and perceptions.
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