30 Questions
What is the central motive related to the desire for stable, meaningful connections with others?
Belonging
Which motive involves navigating the world safely and optimizing relationships?
Understanding Others and Predicting Accurately
Which motive relates to the autonomy and competence to direct one's actions and make things happen?
Control
Which motive involves feeling self-worth, having social status, and wanting lives to matter?
Self-enhancement
Which motive is essential for survival and involves trusting people to behave according to common principles?
Trust
What does social cognition primarily involve?
The way in which people think about themselves and the social world
Which type of thinking involves a lot of research about automatic thinking and takes less time and effort?
Automatic Thinking
In the story about George & Linda, what did Linda ask George after making breakfast?
Well, how is it, George?
What did George do after Linda asked him about the breakfast?
Said nothing and continued eating
What did George do after Linda went into the bedroom?
Came in and burped in her face
What is the Correspondence Bias also known as?
Fundamental Attribution Error
What is the Unrealistic Optimism theory about?
Good things are more likely to happen to individuals
In the context of attributions, what is the Actor/Observer Effect based on?
Perceptual Salience
What does the term 'Discounting & Augmenting' refer to in the context of attributions?
Can internal and external attributions be distinguished
What is the Correspondence Bias more common or stronger in, according to the text?
Individualist cultures
What does the Defensive Attributions theory aim to avoid?
Feelings of vulnerability or mortality
What is the main reason for the Actor/Observer Effect, according to the text?
Perceptual Salience
What does the False Consensus theory refer to?
Tendency to overestimate the commonality of our own opinions, beliefs, and behaviors
What are the sources of error in Attribution according to the text?
Correspondence Bias
What is the Covariation principle criticized for, according to the text?
Not working well for circumstance attributions
What are schemas?
Inferred knowledge structures that reduce ambiguity
What can heuristics lead to?
Errors in decision-making
What influences thought suppression?
Energy levels and stress
What is attribution?
The process of identifying the causes of behavior
What does Kelly's perspective on attribution involve?
Deducing personality based on consensus, distinctiveness, and consistency
What do heuristics include?
Representativeness and availability
What is controlled social cognition?
Intentional and voluntary mental effort
What are theoretical perspectives on attribution?
Heider's naive scientist theory and Jones & Harris' correspondence inference theory
What guides attention and can lead to cognitive effects like confirmation bias?
Schemas
In company 'X', what is the likelihood of Alex being a programmer?
20%
Study Notes
Social Cognition and Attribution
- Linda and George's interaction is described but their relationship status is not clear.
- In company "X," there are 20 office staff and 80 programmers, giving a 20% likelihood of Alex being a programmer.
- Schemas are inferred knowledge structures that organize information and reduce ambiguity.
- Schemas guide attention and can lead to cognitive effects such as confirmation bias.
- Heuristics are mental shortcuts that guide decision-making and problem-solving, but they can lead to errors.
- Examples of heuristics include representativeness, availability, anchoring and adjustment, and affect.
- Controlled social cognition involves intentional and voluntary mental effort.
- Mental control and thought suppression are influenced by energy levels and stress.
- Attribution is the process through which people seek to identify the causes of behavior.
- Theoretical perspectives on attribution include Heider's naive scientist theory and Jones & Harris' correspondence inference theory.
- Kelly's perspective on attribution involves deducing personality based on consensus, distinctiveness, and consistency.
- Specific examples are given to illustrate how consensus, distinctiveness, and consistency can predict personality.
Test your understanding of social cognition and attribution with this quiz. Explore topics such as schemas, heuristics, controlled social cognition, attribution processes, and theoretical perspectives. Delve into examples and scenarios to enhance your comprehension of these essential concepts in psychology.
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