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What is the typical size of a clique in adolescence?
What is the typical size of a clique in adolescence?
Which of the following is a characteristic of peer relationships during adolescence?
Which of the following is a characteristic of peer relationships during adolescence?
What is a significant factor contributing to delinquent behavior in adolescents?
What is a significant factor contributing to delinquent behavior in adolescents?
Which statement about gender differences in delinquent behavior is true?
Which statement about gender differences in delinquent behavior is true?
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What might juvenile delinquency signify in terms of identity development?
What might juvenile delinquency signify in terms of identity development?
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Which of the following reflects a common risk factor for adolescent depression?
Which of the following reflects a common risk factor for adolescent depression?
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How do adolescents' friendships usually change during the teenage years?
How do adolescents' friendships usually change during the teenage years?
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Which of the following is true about peer pressure in young adolescents?
Which of the following is true about peer pressure in young adolescents?
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Study Notes
Social and Emotional Development in Adolescence
- Adolescence is a period of significant social and emotional development, marked by changes in self-esteem, identity formation, peer relationships, and potential risks like delinquency, depression, and suicidal ideation.
- Teens often prefer smaller, more intimate peer groups, and friendships become essential for meeting social needs.
Chapter Outline
- Self-Esteem and Development of Identity: Examines how self-perception and understanding of oneself evolve during adolescence.
- Parents: Explores the influence of parental factors on adolescent development.
- Peers: Focuses on the impact of peer relationships and social groups on adolescent behavior.
- Juvenile Delinquency, Depression, Suicide: Addresses risk factors associated with these serious issues during adolescence.
Peers
- Teenagers conform to peer standards more than children.
- This conformity is often driven by a desire for peer acceptance and belonging within a social group.
Friendships
- Adolescents value closer, more intimate friendships.
- Teens with few or no friendships tend to be lonely and have lower self-esteem.
Peer Pressure
- Teens are more likely than younger children to conform to peer standards.
Cliques and Crowds
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Cliques: Small, same-sex, same-age groups often based on shared friendships or similar activities.
- Typically average 5-6 members
- 2 to 12 members in a clique.
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Crowds: Larger social groups defined more by reputation than close friendships.
- Often appear in early adolescence
- Based on reputation.
Juvenile Delinquency
- Juvenile delinquency encompasses various illegal or anti-social behaviors in adolescents, ranging from minor offenses to serious crimes like murder.
- Petty theft, disruptive behaviors, and violations specific to minors are common examples.
Sex Differences in Delinquent Behavior
- Boys are more likely to engage in violent crimes.
- Girls are more likely to commit status offenses (violations legal only for minors).
Risk Factors for Delinquent Behavior
- Child Characteristics: Difficult temperament, poor school performance, peer rejection, and delinquent friends.
- Family Experiences: Low parental warmth, high levels of conflict, inconsistent discipline, low parental monitoring, and divorce.
- Community Influences: high crime rates, poverty, and lack of opportunities
- Identity Problem: delinquency as a way to establish identity.
Causes of Delinquency
- Identity Problems: Delinquency as a negative attempt to establish identity.
- Child Characteristics: Temperamental difficulties, poor academic performance, peer rejection, and exposure to delinquent peers.
- Family Experiences: Low parent-child warmth, parental conflict, inconsistent discipline, poor parental monitoring.
- Community Influences: High crime rates, poverty, lack of positive role models.
Depression
- Depression is more common in adulthood than childhood, becoming more significant in adolescence.
- Adolescent girls experience depression more frequently than boys.
Gender Differences in Depression
- Females tend to ruminate and amplify their depressed mood more intensely.
- Female body image tends to be more negative than male's.
- Females often experience greater social discrimination.
- Puberty's earlier onset in females may contribute to increased levels of depression due to accumulating hormonal and developmental changes.
Risk Factors for Depression
- Family Factors: Presence of a depressed parent, emotionally unavailable parents, high marital conflict or divorce, financial problems.
- Peer Factors: Lack of close friends and social rejection among peers.
Suicide
- Suicidal thoughts and behaviors increase significantly in early adolescence.
- Female attempt suicide more often, whereas males engage in more successful suicide acts.
Risk Factors for Suicide
- Family History: Suicide and psychological problems tend to run in families with a history of instability or crisis.
- Long-standing Instability: A history of instability or crises within the family can increase risk of suicide in adolescence.
- Depression and Hopelessness: Feelings of hopelessness, desperation, and depression are major contributors to thoughts of suicide.
- Impulsiveness: Impulsivity, combined with emotional instability can impact decision making and increase risk.
- Perfectionism: High achievers and perfectionists can disproportionately be susceptible to suicide if expectations are not achieved.
- Stress: Significant life events, like stressful experiences or transitions, can greatly contribute to the risk of suicidal attempts in adolescence.
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Description
This quiz delves into the significant social and emotional changes that occur during adolescence. Topics include self-esteem, identity formation, the influence of parents and peers, and serious issues like delinquency and depression. Assess your understanding of these critical developmental aspects.