Quiz sobre el síndrome de realimentación y sus riesgos mortales

<p>Aumenta la afinidad de la hemoglobina por el oxígeno (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Alteración en la conversión de lactato a piruvato (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Activación de Na/KATPasa provoca paso de fluidos y sodio al extracelular (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Produce paso de fluidos y sodio al extracelular (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hipofosfemia, hipokalemia, hipomagnesemia y déficit de tiamina con VEC expandido. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Se produce secreción de insulina con anabolismo marcado y activación de Na/K ATPasa. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Se reduce la tasa metabólica basal. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Aumenta la liberación de insulina. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Baja la glucosa, baja la insulina. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ácidos grasos y cuerpos cetónicos. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>El fosfato sigue siendo utilizado para la síntesis de ATP. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mantiene falsamente estables los niveles de electrolitos en sangre (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Captación de electrolitos y activación de Na/K ATPasa (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Baja glucosa, baja insulina, y aumento de Glucagón (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Aumento en la liberación de insulina y captación de electrolitos (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Disminuye su concentración en sangre (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Alto riesgo (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Baja de peso no intencional de más del 20% en los últimos 3 - 6 meses (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>IMC menor a 18.5 kg/m$^2$ (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Bajo riesgo (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>OH crónico, o uso de fármacos como insulina, quimioterapia, antiácidos o diuréticos (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>1000 cc (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>4 ampollas (40 ml) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>5 días (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cada 24 horas (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Obtener aminoácidos para gluconeogénesis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Retención de sodio y agua (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Generación de ácidos grasos libres (AGL) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Aumenta la captación de glucosa a nivel celular (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Es limitada, lo que puede llevar a cetosis y acidosis metabólica (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Aumenta la afinidad de la Hb al O2 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Genera esferocitosis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Se metaboliza a lactato aumentando la acidosis láctica (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Genera aumento de reabsorción de sodio y agua (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Co-factor de la piruvato deshidrogenasa (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Metabolic complications that can occur when severely malnourished individuals are reintroduced to nutrition. This is characterized by electrolyte imbalances.

Phosphate levels drop during refeeding due to increased cellular uptake.

ATP is a crucial energy molecule in cellular processes.

Severe neurological disturbances and hypothermia.

Hypophosphatemia increases hemoglobin's affinity for oxygen.

Thiamine deficiency impairs the conversion of lactate to pyruvate.

Refeeding activates Na/K-ATPase which causes sodium & fluid shift to the extracellular space.

Refeeding can cause hypophosphatemia, hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia and a thiamine deficiency, with an expanding extracellular fluid volume.

Shift from breaking down to building up.

Insulin secretion increases massively during refeeding, leading to anabolism and Na/K-ATPase activation.

Decreases during prolonged fasting.

Insulin levels decrease during prolonged fasting.

Fatty acids and ketone bodies are used.

Phosphate is used in ATP synthesis even without food.

Blood levels seem stable during prolonged fasting despite significant body depletion of electrolytes.

Insulin stimulates electrolyte uptake.

Glucose drops; Insulin drops; Glucagon increases.

Insulin secretion and electrolyte uptake increases.

Phosphate levels drop during refeeding.

Severe weight loss, malnutrition and starvation are criteria.

Includes chronic alcoholism, medication use.

5% glucose solution at certain quantities prevents refeeding syndrome.

10% sodium chloride solution is given.

Thiamine 300mg given intravenously for several days.

Regular checks for key electrolytes are needed in the first days.

Muscle breakdown to get amino acids for gluconeogenesis.

High insulin levels during refeeding cause fluid retention.

Lipolysis starts during prolonged fasting, releasing free fatty acids.

Insulin increases glucose uptake.

Limited ability to oxidize ketone bodies during prolonged fasting.

Decreased blood phosphate increases hemoglobin's affinity to oxygen.

Phosphate shortage in the red blood cells leads to altered shape.

Without thiamine, pyruvate builds up outside of mitochondria and converts to lactate, increasing lactic acidosis.

High insulin causes increased sodium and water reabsorbtion.

Thiamine is a co-factor needed for pyruvate metabolism.