Smallpox and the Immune Response
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is a risk factor for smallpox infection?

  • Being a healthcare worker
  • Having a weak immune system
  • Working in a laboratory (correct)
  • Living in a crowded area

    • How does smallpox spread?

  • Through airborne droplets (correct)
  • Through direct contact with infected skin
  • Through mosquito bites
  • Through contaminated water

    • What happens when the Variola virus enters the body?

  • It causes secondary viremia (correct)
  • It replicates in the cytoplasm of epithelial cells
  • It invades the digestive system
  • It damages the lymph nodes

    • What are the complications of smallpox?

    <p>Blindness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When do the clinical manifestations of smallpox typically appear?

    <p>10-14 days after exposure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is smallpox diagnosed?

    <p>By detection of smallpox-specific IgM antibodies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main treatment for smallpox?

    <p>Supportive care</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When should post-exposure prophylaxis be given to someone exposed to smallpox?

    <p>Within 24 hours of exposure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Is routine vaccination for smallpox still carried out?

    <p>No, routine vaccination has been discontinued</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the priority goals of care for a client diagnosed with smallpox?

    <p>Prevent disease transmission and provide supportive care</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which virus causes smallpox?

    <p>Variola virus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the symptoms associated with smallpox?

    <p>Fever, malaise, headache, and back pain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When was smallpox successfully eradicated worldwide?

    <p>1980</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does the differentiation of white blood cells begin?

    <p>Bone marrow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cells defend against intracellular viruses, fungi, and tumor cells?

    <p>T cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when a foreign antigen enters the body?

    <p>It is engulfed and digested by antigen-presenting cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cells help activate B cells to produce antibodies?

    <p>T helper cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do antibodies do once they bind to affected cells?

    <p>Enable natural killer cells and cytotoxic T cells to recognize and destroy them</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cells produce cytokines that recruit neutrophils, macrophages, and mast cells?

    <p>Natural killer cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What were important risk factors for contracting smallpox before it was eradicated?

    <p>Close contact with an infected client or contaminated surfaces, infancy, older age, and immunodeficiency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a key characteristic of the smallpox rash?

    <p>The rash appears in different stages of development at the same time</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the usual duration of smallpox illness?

    <p>3-4 weeks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who can be at risk for contracting smallpox nowadays?

    <p>Healthcare workers and military personnel</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is smallpox transmitted?

    <p>Both A and B</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the initial symptoms of smallpox?

    <p>Both A and B</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is smallpox diagnosed?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main goal of nursing care for smallpox?

    <p>Both A and B</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When is a client with smallpox considered contagious?

    <p>Both A and B</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of mask should a client with smallpox wear when being transported?

    <p>N95 mask</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can smallpox be prevented from becoming airborne in the absence of an airborne infection isolation room?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

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