30 Questions
Which of the following is a risk factor for smallpox infection?
Working in a laboratory
How does smallpox spread?
Through airborne droplets
What happens when the Variola virus enters the body?
It causes secondary viremia
What are the complications of smallpox?
Blindness
When do the clinical manifestations of smallpox typically appear?
10-14 days after exposure
How is smallpox diagnosed?
By detection of smallpox-specific IgM antibodies
What is the main treatment for smallpox?
Supportive care
When should post-exposure prophylaxis be given to someone exposed to smallpox?
Within 24 hours of exposure
Is routine vaccination for smallpox still carried out?
No, routine vaccination has been discontinued
What are the priority goals of care for a client diagnosed with smallpox?
Prevent disease transmission and provide supportive care
Which virus causes smallpox?
Variola virus
What are the symptoms associated with smallpox?
Fever, malaise, headache, and back pain
When was smallpox successfully eradicated worldwide?
1980
Where does the differentiation of white blood cells begin?
Bone marrow
Which cells defend against intracellular viruses, fungi, and tumor cells?
T cells
What happens when a foreign antigen enters the body?
It is engulfed and digested by antigen-presenting cells
Which cells help activate B cells to produce antibodies?
T helper cells
What do antibodies do once they bind to affected cells?
Enable natural killer cells and cytotoxic T cells to recognize and destroy them
Which cells produce cytokines that recruit neutrophils, macrophages, and mast cells?
Natural killer cells
What were important risk factors for contracting smallpox before it was eradicated?
Close contact with an infected client or contaminated surfaces, infancy, older age, and immunodeficiency
Which of the following is a key characteristic of the smallpox rash?
The rash appears in different stages of development at the same time
What is the usual duration of smallpox illness?
3-4 weeks
Who can be at risk for contracting smallpox nowadays?
Healthcare workers and military personnel
How is smallpox transmitted?
Both A and B
What are the initial symptoms of smallpox?
Both A and B
How is smallpox diagnosed?
All of the above
What is the main goal of nursing care for smallpox?
Both A and B
When is a client with smallpox considered contagious?
Both A and B
What type of mask should a client with smallpox wear when being transported?
N95 mask
How can smallpox be prevented from becoming airborne in the absence of an airborne infection isolation room?
All of the above
Test your knowledge on the immune response and its role in eradicating smallpox, a contagious viral disease. Explore the physiology behind our body's defense system and learn about the success of vaccination in eliminating this deadly disease.
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