Sleep and Sleep Disorders

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Questions and Answers

What is the recommended number of hours of sleep for adolescents per night?

  • 7-8 hours
  • 5-6 hours
  • 11-12 hours
  • 9-10 hours (correct)

Which two processes regulate the sleep-wake cycle?

  • Exercise and diet
  • Adenosine and melatonin (correct)
  • Caffeine and sugar intake
  • TV watching and phone usage

What is the term used to describe individual differences in sleep patterns?

  • Phenotype
  • Chronotype (correct)
  • Biotype
  • Genotype

What is a potential benefit of napping according to the text?

<p>Cognitive enhancement (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which disorder is described as causing difficulty falling or staying asleep?

<p>Insomnia (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What treatment option is mentioned for chronic insomnia in the text?

<p>Prescription drugs and melatonin supplements (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the biggest misconception about learning English?

<p>People need to study English to learn it (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the speaker suggest maintaining and improving English skills continuously?

<p>By incorporating English into daily life (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can happen if a person does not practice English for an extended period?

<p>Skill loss and the need to start over (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the speaker suggest people in non-English-speaking countries live the language?

<p>By surrounding themselves with the language (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is emphasized as crucial for sticking with English learning and achieving fluency?

<p>Enjoying the learning process (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the speaker recommend to improve English skills while having fun?

<p>Finding ways to have fun with learning English (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is suggested as a better approach than just studying English according to the speaker?

<p>Living the language instead of just studying it (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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Study Notes

  • Humans require seven to eight hours of sleep per night, while adolescents need ten hours.
  • Sleep balances and regulates vital systems in the body.
  • Two processes regulate the sleep-wake cycle: environmental cues and internal chemicals like adenosine and melatonin.
  • Humans are diurnal species, most active during the day and sleep during the night.
  • Cronotype refers to individual differences in sleep patterns: early birds and night owls.
  • Early birds are more intelligent and productive than night owls, but this correlation lessens with age.
  • Napping can lead to cognitive enhancement, motor ability improvement, increased productivity, and better mood.
  • Ideal nap time is between 1:00 and 4:00 p.m., with 7 to 10 minutes being an effective power nap.
  • Sleep disorders can impact physical, mental, social, and emotional functioning: insomnia, parasomnias, and sleep apnea.
  • Insomnia is the most common sleep disorder, causing difficulty falling or staying asleep.
  • Prescription drugs and melatonin supplements can treat chronic insomnia.
  • Parasomnias include sleepwalking and night terrors, with unknown causes.
  • Sleep apnea occurs when breathing is blocked during sleep, causing snoring.
  • Weight loss, surgery, and proper sleep hygiene can address sleep apnea.
  • Sleep hygiene includes avoiding cognitive arousal late in the day, avoiding long naps, and developing a regular sleep schedule.

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