Skinner's Behaviorism and Language Development

10 Questions

How does Skinner suggest behaviorism plays a role in first language acquisition?

By encouraging positive attention to certain words and phrases

In the context of classroom rules, how is positive behavior encouraged according to the text?

Through the promise of rewards

What is emphasized as the main benefit of Skinner's theory in teaching?

The simplicity and ease of application

How can behaviorism be effectively utilized in the classroom environment?

By applying incentives habitually and predictably

What does Skinner's theory imply about the influence of rewards and punishments?

They affect people over time

How does Skinner view the relationship between organization and applying incentives?

Incentives should be applied habitually and predictably in organizations

What is a key component of ensuring smooth operation in a classroom environment according to the text?

Regular application of policies without modification

'New teachers' are advised to consider which aspect of Skinner's theory for classroom management?

'New teachers' should apply behaviorism due to its simplicity and ease of use

'People respond to rewards and punishments,' according to the text. How does this statement relate to language learners?

'People' refers to all individuals, including language learners

'The only real necessity is that the incentives be applied habitually and predictably.' What does this imply about maintaining a conducive classroom environment?

'The only real necessity' is consistent application of incentives

Study Notes

Behaviorism in Language Development

Behaviorism in the classroom assumes the role of controller of learner behavior, deciding what is appropriate and how to deal with inappropriate behavior.
Skinner's theory of language development is based on a structure of reward and punishment, where rewards and punishments reinforce certain types of good or bad behavior.
People tend to repeat actions that lead to pleasure, while avoiding actions that lead to discomfort, known as conditioning or creating a habit.
In first language acquisition, children speak "nonsense" words, which are not rewarded, but when they mimic the language of their parents, they are rewarded.

Key Points of Behaviorism

Constant and consistent reinforcement of the rules is required to make it work properly.
Good behavior must be rewarded, while bad behavior must be either ignored or punished without delay.
The theory provides the theoretical support behind practices such as Behavioral Intervention Plans and learner contracts.

Choice Theory: The Glasser Model

The Glasser Model views the role of teachers as helpers of those in their learning environment.
The idea behind it is that all behavior is an issue of choice, and teachers should facilitate the making of good decisions.
Teachers create environments and curricula that cultivate appropriate behavior through meeting learners' needs for belonging and empowerment.

Key Points of Choice Theory

Classroom rules and their enforcement remain a key factor in making learners responsible for their behavior choices.
Discussion, reflection, and making amends are positively encouraged, rather than the administering of simple rewards and punishments.
Choice Theory is designed to assist learners in understanding the motivations behind their behavior, so that they might learn to make better choices.

Applying Skinner's Ideas in Class

Classroom rules agreed upon by the teacher and learner can be used to encourage positive behavior through rewards and discourage negative behavior through negative consequences.
The consistent application of these policies can lead to a smoothly operating classroom.

Benefits of Behaviorism

The main benefit of Skinner's theory is that it's extremely simple and easy to apply.
People, including language learners, respond to rewards and punishments, especially over time.