Podcast Beta
Questions and Answers
What is a common clinical manifestation associated with IgA vasculitis?
Which type of cryoglobulinemic vasculitis is characterized by Raynaud’s phenomenon in about 30% of patients?
What histological feature is observed in IgA vasculitis?
What is the typical age demographic for patients with IgA vasculitis?
Signup and view all the answers
What does the direct immunofluorescence test reveal in IgA vasculitis?
Signup and view all the answers
Which disorders are associated with Churg-Strauss granulomas?
Signup and view all the answers
Which type of vasculitis is classified as a hypersensitivity vasculitis?
Signup and view all the answers
What distinguishes deep dermal necrobiosis in vasculitis cases?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following is associated with Microscopic Polyangiitis?
Signup and view all the answers
What percentage of cases for Microscopic Polyangiitis show positive ANCA?
Signup and view all the answers
Which clinical manifestation is NOT typically associated with Eosinophilic Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis?
Signup and view all the answers
In which demographic is Macular Lymphocytic Arteritis (MLA) most commonly observed?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following symptoms is characteristic of Eosinophilic Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a common skin manifestation observed in Eosinophilic Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following conditions is triggered by mycobacterial infection?
Signup and view all the answers
What type of lesions are typical of Eosinophilic Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis in terms of location?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a common presenting sign of Escherichia coli sepsis in newborns?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following conditions is related to neutrophilic vasculitis syndromes?
Signup and view all the answers
Amantadine is linked to which dermatological condition?
Signup and view all the answers
What condition was observed in a case involving gemcitabine?
Signup and view all the answers
What significant clinical feature is discussed in relation to 64 cases of cryoglobulinaemia?
Signup and view all the answers
Nicolau syndrome can be caused by which of the following medications?
Signup and view all the answers
In the context of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis, which condition is highlighted?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following studies involves clinical findings in association with vasculitis?
Signup and view all the answers
What criteria did the American College of Rheumatology establish in 1990 regarding giant cell arteritis?
Signup and view all the answers
Which condition was specifically classified by the American College of Rheumatology in 1990 aside from giant cell arteritis?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following authors published work on hypersensitivity vasculitis in 1990?
Signup and view all the answers
In which publication can the 1990 criteria for the classification of henoch-Schönlein purpura be found?
Signup and view all the answers
What skin condition was investigated in a two-year-old child due to pellagra?
Signup and view all the answers
What treatment showed a prompt response in a reported case of Susac syndrome with dermatological findings?
Signup and view all the answers
Which authors collaborated on the criteria for Henoch-Schönlein purpura classification in 1990?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the main focus of the classification criteria established by the American College of Rheumatology in 1990?
Signup and view all the answers
What term describes the cone-shaped zone formed by nourishing arteries of the skin?
Signup and view all the answers
Where are the nourishing arteries of the skin located?
Signup and view all the answers
Which vascular plexus is also referred to as the cutaneous plexus?
Signup and view all the answers
What clinical aspect can be explained by the obstruction of the nourishing artery?
Signup and view all the answers
What describes the arrangement of arterioles and venules in the superficial dermis?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a key finding for diagnosing cutaneous vasculitis?
Signup and view all the answers
Which anatomical structures are primarily irrigated by the branches of the deep plexus?
Signup and view all the answers
How do arterioles from the superficial plexus interact with the dermal papillae?
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Skin Vascular Anatomy
- Two interconnected plexuses: a deep and a superficial plexus.
- Deep plexus (cutaneous plexus) located at the dermohypodermic junction; nourishes the hypodermis, deep dermis, and structures like hair follicles and glands.
- Superficial (subpapillary) plexus in the superficial dermis; arterioles ascend to the dermal papillae and descend.
- Cutaneous functional vascular unit: cone-shaped zone from epidermis surface to nourishing artery at the dermohypodermic junction. Obstruction of the nourishing artery (e.g., in livedo) causes venous stasis, creating a reticulated appearance.
Cutaneous Vasculitis: Histologic Features
- Inflammatory Infiltrate: A key diagnostic feature.
- Deep dermal necrobiosis: foci affecting collagen bundles, surrounded by histiocytes in rosettes; associated with conditions like GEPA, MPA, rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, and adult-onset Still's disease.
Cutaneous Vasculitis: Specific Types
- Cutaneous Leukocytoclastic Angiitis (Hypersensitivity Vasculitis): Individualized in CHCC 1994 and CHCC 2012; classified as single-organ vasculitis.
- Microscopic Polyangiitis: Segmental and focal necrotizing glomerulonephritis, extracapillary proliferation, no extra-vascular granuloma; ANCA positive in over 80% of cases (anti-myeloperoxidase). Associated with glomerulonephritis, neuropathy, hemorrhage, and gastrointestinal issues.
- IgA Vasculitis: 87% accuracy in classification with criteria including palpable purpura (excluding thrombocytopenia), post-prandial abdominal pain, bloody diarrhea, GI hemorrhage, hematuria, age <20, and absence of precipitating drugs. Histologically non-specific leukocytoclastic vasculitis, but direct immunofluorescence shows predominant IgA deposits (though not specific). May present with atrophie blanche, Raynaud's, and inflammatory plaques/nodules.
- Macular Lymphocytic Arteritis (MLA): Macular and pigmented rash, lymphocytic arteritis in the hypodermis/deep dermis; no destruction/necrosis. Affects lower limbs predominantly, women (70-80%), median age 40.
- Eosinophilic Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis (EGPA): Necrotizing vasculitis, asthma, blood and tissue eosinophilia, systemic vasculitis; manifestations include mononeuropathy/polyneuropathy, pulmonary infiltrates, sino-nasal abnormalities, cardiomyopathy and cutaneous purpura, nodules, and urticaria (up to 50% of patients).
Livedo Reticularis
- Can be caused by various factors including infection (bacterial, viral, mycobacterial), inflammatory bowel disease, or drugs (e.g., minocycline, amantadine, norepinephrine). Also linked to conditions like pellagra, sarcoidosis, and Escherichia Coli sepsis. Associated with cryoglobulinemia.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Related Documents
Description
Explore the complexities of skin vascular anatomy and the histological features of cutaneous vasculitis. This quiz covers the anatomical structures, pathological conditions, and specific types of cutaneous vasculitis you need to know for a deeper understanding of dermatological health.
