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Questions and Answers
Which statement about the papillary layer of the skin is correct?
Which statement about the papillary layer of the skin is correct?
- It is the thickest layer of the dermis.
- It contains hair follicles and apocrine glands.
- It provides nutrients to the epidermis and regulates temperature. (correct)
- It primarily consists of adipose tissue.
What is the primary function of Langerhans cells?
What is the primary function of Langerhans cells?
- Secreting sweat for thermoregulation.
- Housing hair follicles.
- Producing skin pigmentation.
- Acting as antigen presenting cells. (correct)
What distinguishes thick skin from thin skin?
What distinguishes thick skin from thin skin?
- Thick skin is only found on the face.
- Thick skin does not contain hair follicles. (correct)
- Thick skin has more sebaceous glands than thin skin.
- Thick skin has a thinner dermis compared to thin skin.
What is the structure of the eccrine glands?
What is the structure of the eccrine glands?
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Which component is NOT part of the pilo-sebaceous unit?
Which component is NOT part of the pilo-sebaceous unit?
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What is true about the structure of the hair follicle?
What is true about the structure of the hair follicle?
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Which gland is associated with body odor?
Which gland is associated with body odor?
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What is the main characteristic of the reticular layer of the dermis?
What is the main characteristic of the reticular layer of the dermis?
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What is the thickness range of thin skin?
What is the thickness range of thin skin?
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Study Notes
Skin Cells and Layers
- Melanocytes: Provide pigmentation to the skin, derived from the neural crest.
- Langerhans Cells: Function as antigen-presenting cells that capture soluble antigens and present them as immunogenic peptides to T lymphocytes.
Layers of the Skin
- Papillary Layer: Thin top layer of the epidermis composed of connective tissue and blood vessels; supplies nutrients and regulates skin temperature.
- Reticular Layer: Contains blood vessels and connective tissue that support the skin; houses hair follicles, sebaceous glands, and sweat glands.
Hair Follicle Structure
- Components: Made up of three parts: cuticle, cortex, and medulla.
- Pilo-sebaceous Unit: Comprises sebaceous gland, arrectores pilorum muscle, and hair follicle.
Sweat Glands
- Eccrine Gland:
- Distributed across all skin regions.
- Diameter of 30-40 micrometers; secretory duct is 500-700 micrometers long.
- Secretes a watery fluid composed of water and sodium chloride; helps cool the body.
- Apocrine Gland:
- Found in armpits and perineal area.
- Diameter ranges from 80-100 micrometers; secretory coil diameter is 800 micrometers.
- Produces viscous fluid and is responsible for body odor; consists of simple columnar epithelium with lobule layers of cuboidal cells.
Types of Skin
- Thick Skin:
- Located on palms and soles; thickness of 400-1400 micrometers.
- Features thinner dermis; lacks hair follicles, sebaceous glands, and apocrine glands, but contains eccrine glands.
- Thin Skin:
- Found elsewhere on the body; thickness of 75-150 micrometers.
- Has thicker dermis and contains hair follicles, sebaceous glands, and apocrine glands; notably present in eyelids.
Nail Structure
- Nail Bed: Located beneath the nail plate, extending from lunula to hyponychium; consists of a monolayer basal layer and spinous layer, while lacking stratum granulosum.
Cell Junctions
- Desmosomes: Cell-to-cell junctions that appear as spiky projections on histology; also referred to as prickle cells.
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