30 Questions
What is the function of melanocytes in the skin?
Produce color pigment
Which of the following layers of the hair shaft produces the hair?
Hair matrix cells
What is the thickened region of the stratum corneum beneath the free edge of a nail called?
Hyponychium
Which skin cell type is responsible for resisting invasion by microbes?
Keratinocytes
Which term refers to the smooth muscle bundle that contracts to raise hair?
Arrector pili muscle
What is the outermost layer of the hair shaft called?
Cuticle
Which part of the nail is responsible for producing new growth?
Nail matrix
What skin function is related to protection against microbes, heat, and chemicals?
Protection
What skin function relates to aiding in the absorption of calcium and synthesis of vitamin D?
Synthesis of Vitamin D
Which layer of the skin contains Langerhans cells and which layer contains macrophages that protect against infection?
Epidermis, Dermis
Which layer of the epidermis is responsible for producing keratohyaline granules that help in keratin formation?
Stratum Granulosum
What is the function of melanocytes in the skin?
Produce melanin
Which layer of the epidermis contains a few rows of clear, flat dead keratinocytes and is only present in thick skin?
Stratum Lucidum
Which pigment found in plants accumulates in the stratum corneum and hypodermis of the skin?
Carotene
Which layer of the dermis contains projections that indent the epidermis and contain capillary loops and touch receptors?
Papillary layer
What is the main function of sebaceous glands in the skin?
Produce oils to moisturize the skin
Which type of sweat glands are mostly abundant on the palms of hands, soles of feet, and forehead?
Eccrine sweat glands
What is the main function of keratinocytes in the epidermis?
Produce keratin for skin barrier function
'Lines of cleavage' in the skin are formed by bundles of which fibers in the dermis?
Collagen fibers
Where are Langerhans' cells found in the epidermis?
Stratum Spinosum
Which layer of the skin is composed of fibrous connective tissue and is vascularized?
Dermis
Which cell type in the epidermis produces the fibrous protein keratin and is tightly connected by desmosomes?
Keratinocytes
Where are melanocytes located in the skin?
In the stratum basale
What is the function of melanin produced by melanocytes in the skin?
Protect cell nucleus from UV radiation
Which region is mostly adipose with some areolar connective tissue, insulates, absorbs shocks, and anchors the skin loosely to muscles?
Hypodermis
In which layer of the epidermis are Langerhans' cells located?
Stratum spinosum
Which cell type in the epidermis forms a network around keratinocytes and is part of the immune system?
Langerhans' cells
Which layer of the epidermis contains mostly dead and keratinized cells?
Stratum corneum
"Basal cells migrate to bridge gaps in broken tissue" is a process that occurs primarily in which layer of the skin?
Stratum basale
Which skin cell type is responsible for producing collagen fibers to fill gaps during wound healing?
Fibroblasts
Learn about the structure and functions of hair and hair follicles, including the layers of a hair strand, production of color by melanocytes, and the components of a hair follicle. Understand the role of hair in lubricating skin and how inflammation or infection can lead to acne.
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