Skeletal System Review Quiz

Skeletal System Review

• Question 1: Which function of the skeletal system is crucial in a car accident?

  • Answer: Protection of internal organs.
  • Reasoning: The skeletal system acts as a protective shield (like the rib cage for the heart/lungs or the skull for the brain) during trauma.

• Question 2: How can bone tissue be described?

  • Answer: Dense, hard connective tissue.
  • Reasoning: Bone is a strong, hard tissue, but it's part of the connective tissue family, providing support and protection to the body.

• Question 3: What is needed for bones to function?

  • Answer: Red marrow.
  • Reasoning: Red marrow is essential for blood cell production (hematopoiesis).

Other Body System Review

• Question 4: What is yellow marrow?

  • Answer: An area of fat storage.
  • Reasoning: Yellow marrow acts as an energy reserve within the medullary cavities of long bones.

• Question 5: What structures make up the skeletal system?

  • Answer: Bones and cartilage.
  • Reasoning: Bones provide the framework, and cartilage provides flexibility/cushioning in joints.

• Question 6: When can calcium not be absorbed from the small intestine?

  • Answer: If vitamin D is lacking.
  • Reasoning: Vitamin D is essential for calcium absorption.

• Question 7: What element triggers muscle contraction directly?

  • Answer: Calcium (Ca++).
  • Reasoning: Calcium ions bind to proteins in muscle fibers, enabling contraction.

• Question 1: (Regarding Urinary System) How does the position of the right kidney differ from the left kidney?

  • Answer: The right kidney is slightly lower than the left kidney.
  • Reasoning: This is because the liver, on the right side of the body, pushes the right kidney downwards.

• Question 2: (Regarding Urinary System) What is the functional unit of the kidney?

  • Answer: The nephron.
  • Reasoning: Nephrons are microscopic structures that filter blood and form urine; they're the kidneys' primary working units.

• Question 3: (Regarding Urinary System) What's not true about the structure and function of the urinary system?

  • Answer: The kidneys are at equal heights within the pelvic cavity.
  • Reasoning: The right kidney is slightly lower than the left due to the liver's position.

• Question 4: (Regarding Urinary System) What is not an organ of the urinary system?

  • Answer: Liver.
  • Reasoning: The liver is part of the digestive system; the urinary system includes the urethra, ureter, kidneys, and bladder.

• Question 5: (Regarding Urinary System) Which is not a function of the kidneys?

  • Answer: They release a majority of wastes into the bloodstream.
  • Reasoning: Kidneys filter wastes out of the blood and excrete them in urine, not returning them to the bloodstream.

• Question 6: (Regarding Urinary System) What organ system excretes nitrogenous wastes?

  • Answer: The urinary system.
  • Reasoning: The urinary system removes nitrogenous wastes (like urea) from the body via urine.

• Reproductive System (Question 1): What are male gametes called?

  • Answer: Sperm.

• Reproductive System (Question 2): Where does spermatogenesis (sperm production) take place?

  • Answer: Seminiferous tubules.

• Reproductive System (Question 3): What are the female gonads called?

  • Answer: Ovaries.

• Other Reproductive and Urinary System Questions:

  • The timing of puberty can be influenced by factors like genes, stress levels, and body fat, as these impact hormone production.
  • Fertilization typically occurs in the uterine tube (fallopian tube).
  • The testes are the male gonads and sperm is the male gamete.
  • Secondary sex characteristics develop during puberty. E.g., breast development and facial hair growth.

• Nervous System (Question 1): Which cavity holds a part of the central nervous system?

  • Answer: Cranial cavity.

• Nervous System (Question 2): Which cavity contains a component of the central nervous system?

  • Answer: Cranial cavity (Same as Question 1).

• Nervous System (Question 3): What part of a neuron transmits electrical signals?

  • Answer: Axon.

• Nervous System (Question 4): What term describes a bundle of axons in the peripheral nervous system?

  • Answer: Nerve.

• Nervous System (Question 5): Which part of a neuron contains the nucleus?

  • Answer: Soma (cell body).

• Nervous System (Question 6): What type of glial cell is a resident macrophage in the CNS?

  • Answer: Microglia.

• Nervous System (Question 7): What macromolecules are components of myelin?

  • Answer: Lipids and proteins.

• Nervous System (Question 8): If a thermoreceptor senses temperature, what does a chemoreceptor sense?

  • Answer: Molecules (chemical stimuli).

• Nervous System (Question 9): Which ion causes depolarization in a neuron?

  • Answer: Sodium (Na+).

• Nervous System (Question 10): What state does voltage-gated Na+ channels open at?

  • Answer: Threshold.

• Nervous System (Question 11): What do mechanically gated channels respond to?

  • Answer: Physical stimuli (e.g., pressure, stretch).

• Other Nervous System Questions:

  • Acetylcholine is the neurotransmitter released at the neuromuscular junction.
  • A stroke occurs when blood flow to the brain is disrupted (due to a clot or bleeding).
  • Afferent neurons carry sensory signals to the CNS. Efferent neurons carry motor signals from the CNS.
  • A nerve fiber typically refers to an axon